Hatiora ndi njira yosangalatsa yosangalatsa yomwe ingasangalatse okonda zachilengedwe otentha. Mitundu iyi ya banja la Cactus imaphatikizapo mbewu zokhala ndi mphukira zophukira zofanana ndi mafupa, mabotolo ang'ono kapena corals. Zomera zodabwitsazi zimafanana ndi mlendo kuchokera kunja, koma ndizoyimira kwathunthu zomerazo, zomwe ndizosavuta kubzala kunyumba. Hatorio amakhala m'nkhalango zowirira za ku Argentina, Brazil ndi Uruguay.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Hatiora ndi chomera chobiriwira chapadziko lapansi chokhala ndi mizu yapamwamba kwambiri. Mphukira zimakhala ndi zigawo zobiriwira, zomwe pakati pake mizu yopyapyala imapangika. Izi zimathandizira kuti chomera chilandire chinyezi ndi michere kuchokera mumlengalenga. Cactus imapereka kukula kwapang'ono pachaka. Pofika zaka zisanu, kutalika kwake ndi 15-35 cm zokha, ndipo pofika 10 - 50-180 cm.
Magawo a Hatori ndi acylindrical mawonekedwe ndipo amatha kutupa pang'ono. Tsitsi losalala lowoneka bwino pamtundu wakale limakhala losalala komanso losweka pang'ono. Pamwamba pa lobes, papillae yaying'ono yoyera akuwoneka - zomangira zachilendo za nthumwi yachilendo ya genus Cactus. Nthambi yowombera mwamphamvu ndikuthamangira, koma ikhoza kufuna pansi pa kulemera kwawo ndikufunika thandizo.
Hatiora limamasula masika nthawi yakuwala ikula. Kumalekezero a mphukira kumaoneka maluwa ang'onoang'ono a tubular okhala ndi miyala yopyapyala ya pinki kapena yachikasu. Maluwa amatha masabata angapo. Patatha miyezi 2-3 masamba atafota, zipatso zosuluka zokhala ndi khungu lotuluka zimawonekera pamalangizo a mphukira.
Zikhulupiriro zamatsenga ndi Zizindikiro
Cactus wa Hachior, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake odabwitsa, adalandira mayina osadziwika achilendo. Amatchedwa "mafupa ovina," "loto la oledzera," "misozi yamphongo." Zizindikiro komanso zikhulupiriro zamatsenga zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi hatiora akuti amatha "kupulumuka" bambo kunyumba. Mabanja omwe duwa limamera limatha kusiyanasiyana. Akatswiri ambiri amazindikira zonyozekazo.
Kodi ndisiye chisangalalo chokhala ndi chomera chachilendo kunyumba chifukwa cha mphekesera zosatsimikizika? Kukhulupirira malodza kapena ayi ndi ntchito ya aliyense. Koma aliyense amene ali ndi mantha, ndikokwanira kuti osayika poto mchipinda kapena chipinda china chomwe mwamunayo amakhala nthawi yayitali.
Mitundu ya Hatoria
Mtundu waademora sunali wambiri, ndi mbewu 4 zokha zomwe zimaphatikizidwa. Zonse zimalimidwa ndipo zimapezeka pamalonda.
Hatiora ndi pinki. Mphukira zotsika zimakhala ndi timagulu tating'ono tokhala ndi khungu lamtambo wobiriwira wokhala ndi madontho angapo ofiira. Kutalika kwa lobe sikudutsa 25 mm, kwatulutsa nthiti zolakwika. Achichepere osachepera amaphimbidwa ndi tsitsi loyera. Kumapeto kwa mphukira, maluwa okongola a tubular okhala ndi mawonekedwe apinki apinki. Pakatikati pa duwa ndi pafupifupi 4 cm.
Hatior Gartner. Mphukira zazifupi zikufotokozera za zigawo zazing'ono zakuda. Zogawikazo zaphwanyidwa ndipo alengeza notches. Maluwa apical osakhala ndi mulifupi wa 4-5 masentimita amapaka utoto wowala.
Hatiora Germina. Mphukira imakhala ndi zigawo zazitali zokhala ndi ma cylindrical magawo ochepa omwe amachitika pambuyo pake. Kutalika kwa chikwapu kumafika 30 cm kapena kupitirira, ndipo gawo limodzi ndi 4.5-5 masentimita. Pokhala maluwa, masamba ambiri a rasipiberi okhala ndi awiri a 2.5 cm amapangidwa.
Hatiora ndi madzi amchere. Mphukira za cylindrical zimakutidwa ndi khungu lowonda lowoneka bwino. Nthambi ndizowongoka komanso zokhala ndi nthambi zambiri. Magawo 25-28 mm kutalika kwake ndiwotchera gawo limodzi ndipo amafanana ndi mabotolo ang'ono. Limamasula ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono achikasu achikasu.
Njira zolerera
Chomera cha hator chimamera chomera kunyumba. Ndikofunika kuchita njirayi kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe, munthawi ya masamba. Ndikukwanira kupatutsa kuwombera kopanda ndi 2-4 lobes. Siyenera kudulidwa, koma kusweka kapena osadulidwanso pamgwirizano. Amadula zouma mlengalenga kwa maola angapo, kenako ozika mu nthaka yamchenga.
Zomera zimasungidwa pamalo otentha ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yothira ndi chisamaliro. Mizu yamadzi imachitika mwachangu. Magawo ena, omwe amagwa kuchokera ku chomera cha amayi, amadzizika okha.
Mbewu zogulidwa zitha kufesedwa mu mbande ya masika, komabe, njira iyi yolulira ndiyovuta. Wofesa mbewu wodziwa yekha ndi amene amatha kuchita izi. Mbewu zimataya kumera msanga, ndiye kuti ziyenera kufesedwa posachedwa. Pakubzala, gwiritsani ntchito mbale ndi chisakanizo cha mchenga. Mbewu zimangophwanya dothi ndikuphimba ndi filimu. Sungani wowonjezera kutentha pamalo otentha (+ 20 ... + 22 ° C). Kuwombera kumawonekera pambuyo pa masabata 2-4. Zitatha izi, mbande zimakonzedwanso pawindo yowunika, koma pobisikayo imachotsedwa pakatha milungu iwiri, pang'onopang'ono kuzolowera mbewuzo kusakhalapo. Wokula mbande atha kulowa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.
Malamulo Ogulitsa
Maluwa a mnyumbayo nthawi zambiri amawona akuwonjezera. Ma cacti achichepere amawonjezedwa chaka chilichonse, ndipo achikulire ambiri - kamodzi pakatha zaka 2-3. Izi zimachitika msanga maluwa. Miphika ya hatiora iyenera kusankhidwa lonse, koma osati zakuya kwambiri, popeza chizunguliracho chili pafupi ndi pomwepo. Mbale, matope kapena zidina zokulirapo zimayikidwa pansi pa thankiyo kuti madzi owonjezera asakhale pansi.
Dothi la hatori liyenera kukhala ndi acidic pang'ono kapena kusalowerera ndale. Pazomwe wapanga:
- lowland peat (magawo awiri);
- nthaka yokhazikika (magawo 6);
- malo a turf (gawo 1);
- mchenga wozungulira (mbali ziwiri);
- humus land (magawo 4).
Zosamalidwa
Kusamalira munthu wodana naye kunyumba sikungakhale vuto lalikulu. Mtengowo ndi wopanda ulemu komanso woyenera kwa oyamba kumene.
Kuwala Hatior iyenera kukhala yolumikizidwa m'zipinda zounikira zowala. Amafuna nthawi yayitali masana. Mutha kuyiyika pawindo lakum'mawa kapena kumadzulo, kapena patali kuchokera pawindo. Peel yofowoka imatetezera ku dzuwa masana.
Kutentha kwa mpweya Hatiora amakonda zinthu zabwino. M'chilimwe, kutentha kwenikweni ndi + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Kwa nyengo yotentha, ndikofunikira kubweretsa mbewuyo pamakhonde kapena pa veranda, momwe kusinthika kwachilengedwe mu kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumathandizira.
Nthawi yopumula. Maluwa atamalizidwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kusamutsira cactus kuchipinda chozizira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya pafupifupi + 15 ° C ndikuchepetsa kuthirira. Pakupita milungu isanu ndi umodzi, ndikofunikira kusiya kwathunthu kuthirira nthaka. Potere, maluwa ambiri amapangidwa.
Chinyezi. Hatiora amatha kusintha chinyezi mnyumbamo, koma masiku otentha amafunikira kuwaza kapena kuwotcha nthawi zambiri pansi pa madzi osamba.
Kuthirira. Munthawi yogwira komanso maluwa, komanso masiku otentha, hator amafunika madzi okwanira. Madzi sayenera kuyenda munthaka, ndipo nthaka pakati pa ulimi wothirira uyenera kuzimiratu ndi gawo lachitatu. Ndi kuzizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa.
Feteleza. Kuyambira Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa maluwa, umuna wa cacti umagwiritsidwa ntchito mwezi uliwonse kunthaka. Mapangidwe asafe a nayitrogeni ayenera kusankha.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Ndi chisamaliro cholakwika, wodana naye amatha kutenga matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Ngati zigawo zofewa za bulauni kapena za imvi zokhala ndi fungo la zowola zapezeka, ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndipo mankhwalawa akuyenera kuchitika. M'chilimwe, mumlengalenga wowuma, pamakhala kuthekera kwakukulu komwe kumamenyedwa ndi mbewa yoyera, tizilombo tambiri, mealybug ndi kangaude. Chomera chimatsukidwa osamba ndikuchapa ndi yankho la sopo yochapa. Ngati njirayi sinathandize, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ("Aktara", "Confidor").
