Orchid zygopetalum imasangalatsanso kulima maluwa. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri komanso ochulukitsa, koma nthawi yomweyo amakhala osasamala mu chisamaliro ndipo amakula bwino ngakhale pakati wamaluwa oyambira. Mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri ya Zygopetalum ndi ya banja la Orchid. Maluwa akumunda ndi otentha ku Latin America. Nthawi zambiri, imakhazikika pamitengo ndipo imatsogolera moyo wa epiphytic, koma imatha kupulumuka komanso kuchulukana m'nthaka.
Kufotokozera
Pansi pa tsinde la zygopetalum, makulidwe owoneka ngati peyala amapangidwa, omwe amatchedwa pseudobulb. Imapereka zofunikira pazinthu zovuta. Kutalika kwa bulb yotereyi ndi masentimita 6 mpaka 7. Thupi, mizu yoyambira imakhala pansi pake, ndipo masamba akulu ambiri amaveka korona kumtunda. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mukukula, mababu atsopano amapangika mu orchid, omwe amakonzedwa ngati makwerero akukwera.
Nthawi zambiri, babu aliyense amabisidwa masamba awiri am'munsi, ndipo wina masamba 2-3, kutalika pafupifupi 50 cm, pamwamba, pamwamba. Masamba adapakidwa utoto wobiriwira. Mapangidwe a masamba ndi lanceolate kapena chowulungika ndi m'mphepete mwamphamvu komanso kumapeto.
Matupi oyendayenda a zygopetalum amapangidwanso kuchokera masamba apansi ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe owongoka. Kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita 50. Pa tsinde lililonse, masamba angapo amapangidwa (mpaka zidutswa 12), zosanjidwa. Duwa la zygopetalum lili ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri komanso fungo labwino, lokoma. Dongosolo lake ndi pafupifupi 6-7 cm.
Maluwa amakhala ndi manda atatu amdima (manda) ndi miyala iwiri yopapatiza (pamakhala). Gawo ili la penti limapaka utoto wonyezimira ndipo limakutidwa ndi burgundy, wofiirira kapena bulauni. Mlomo umakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka okopa ndipo umapangidwa utoto wosalala, wa lilac.
Mitundu ya zygopetalum
Mtundu wa zygopetalum ndi wocheperako, uli ndi mitundu 16 yokha. Pofuna kusiyanitsa chomera chokongola choterechi, obereketsa apanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya haibridi. Timalemba mitundu yayikulu ya zygopetalum yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulima m'nyumba.
Zygopetalum maculatum ili ndi peduncle yayitali (mpaka 40 cm), pomwe pali maluwa akulu 8-12. Danga lililonse limakhala ndi masentimita 4-5. Pamakhala mtundu wa Greenish wobiriwira womwe umaphimba mawanga. Milomo yoyera ndi yoluka ndi milozo ya lilac.
Zygopetalum maxillare ili ndi peduncle mpaka 35 masentimita okwera ndi masamba a 5-8. Zinthu zakumtunda zolocha mu burgundy kapena bulauni ndi malire wobiriwira. Mlomo kumunsi uli wokutidwa ndi mawanga amaso akuda, ndipo chakumapeto imapeza mthunzi wopepuka ndipo umakhala ndi malire oyera.
Zygopetalum pedicellatum ili ndi mlomo wocheperako wokhala ndi utoto woyera ndi madontho ambiri amtambo wofiirira ndi mawanga.
Zygopetalum triste. Pa peduncle 35 cm, maluwa 6-7 okhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 6 cm.Matandala apamwamba amachepetsedwa ndikujambulidwa mikwingwirima yofiirira. Milomo yoyera yokhala ndi banga.
Zygopetalum pabstii - mitundu yayikulu kwambiri komanso yokongoletsa. Zime zake zimatha kutalika masentimita 90. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mugwiritse ntchito chomera popanga maluwa. Dawo lililonse la maluwa ndi masentimita 10. Masamba obiriwira sawoneka bwino pamtunda wapamwamba pansi pa bulauni. Mitambo yambiri yofiirira ndi yamtambo yabalalika pamilomo yoyera. Mtundu wina wotchuka wa hybrid wamtunduwu ndi trizi buluu zygopetalum.
Zygopetalum microphytum - mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri yokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 25. Mabatani okhala ndi masentimita a 2,5 ali ndi mtundu. Pamwambapa, ma buluu a bulauni obiriwira amakhala ambiri, ndipo pansi pamakutidwa ndi madontho oyera.
Mngelo wabuluu wa Zygopetalum ndiyotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Maluwa amtunduwu ali ndi mtundu wa kirimu wokhala ndi milomo yowala, ya lilac-buluu.
Zygopetalum adelaide parklands wotchuka chifukwa cha kukongola kwake kopambana. Mitundu yopyapyala imakhala yachikasu ndi malo ochepa a utoto. Mtundu woyera umafalikira pamilomo yapansi, ndipo milac ya lilac imangopezeka pakatikati.
Kuswana
Zygopetalum imafalitsidwa ndikugawa ma rhizomes (tsinde lokwawa ndi mababu). Ndikotheka kudula tsinde kuti chimodzi chimodzi, makamaka atatu, mababu akuluakulu asiyidwe pamtundu uliwonse. Musanabzala, mbali zake zimakulungidwa mu mpweya wabwino kwa maola angapo ndikuwazidwa makala opera. Pambuyo pa njirayi, Delenki adabzala m'miphika yosiyanasiyana.
Kusamalira mbewu
Zygopetalum ndiwosasamala kwambiri posamalira. Maluwa amakakhala m'nkhalango zotentha komanso zotentha, motero ndikokwanira kupanga malo pafupi ndi zachilengedwe ndi kuthirira nthawi zina. Chomera ndichabwino mthunzi kapena mawonekedwe amawindo akumpoto ndi kum'mawa. Ngati masamba a zygopetalum atembenuka chikasu, ndiye kuti alibe kuwala kokwanira ndipo muyenera kukonzanso poto pamalo owalitsika kwambiri kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kuyatsa kwakanthawi.
Zygopetalum imatha kukhalako pamtunda wotentha kuchokera + 15 ° C mpaka + 25 ° C. Kuti zikule bwino, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwa usiku kumagwa. Izi zimathandizira kupanga maluwa ndikupanga mphukira mwachangu.
Pakakhala masiku osatentha, maluwawa amatha kusintha mpweya kukhala nyengo yabwino, koma kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumalimbikitsidwa kwambiri. Zygopetalum amafunika kuthilira kwambiri mu gawo logwira. Madzi ayenera kukhetsa mosavuta, ndipo dothi liyenera kuti liume pakati pa kuthirira. M'nyengo yozizira, pafupipafupi kuthirira kumatha.
Zygopetalum amapeza chilichonse chomwe amafunikira kuchokera m'nthaka komanso m'mlengalenga. Panyengo ya maluwa pokhapokha michere ya mchere ingathe kuwonjezeredwa ma orchid. Muyezo wa feteleza wokwanira theka lantchito yabwino.
Kuika kumachitika pokhapokha pakagwa mwadzidzidzi, chifukwa kulowerera kulikonse mu mizu kumapanikizika kwambiri ndipo kungayambitse matenda. Choyamba, mbewuyo imachotsedwa mumphika ndikumasulidwa ku gawo lakale. Ngati ndi kotheka, mababu amadzipatula ndikudula mizu yowuma. Malo onse omwe ali ndi magawo amawaza ndi makala ophwanyika. Pakubzala, gwiritsani ntchito mapoto apulasitiki owoneka bwino ndi dothi la ma orchid. Mababu amayikidwa pamwamba pa mphikawo.
Kubwezeretsa
Nthawi zina, mosasamala mosayenera kapena chifukwa chothirira mopitirira muyeso, zygopetalum imataya masamba, ndipo mababu amapukutidwa. Ngakhale kuchokera ku maluwa oterewa, mutha kuyesa kukula bwino. Poyamba, babuwo amawasiyira m'chidebe chaching'ono chomwe chimakhala ndi mabowo okumba. Udongo wokulirapo umayala pansi, ndipo khungwa la pine lophwanyika limagawika kuchokera pamwamba. Kenako dothi limakutidwa ndi zidutswa za sphagnum moss.
Mphika umasungidwa pa kutentha kwa + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Ma supuni angapo amadzi m'mphepete mwa mphikawo ndi okwanira kuthirira. Moss amatha kuyamwa mwachangu ndikugawa momwemonso. Zitha kutenga miyezi yambiri kuti titembenukire, koma ngati bulbyo sichinade, ndiye kuti mphukira yaying'ono ingawonekere posachedwa.
