Odontoglossum ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri komanso chosowa kwambiri cha banja la Orchidaceae. Kupeza kuti sikophweka, koma chifukwa cha maluwa owala bwino kwambiri, mungayesere. Odontoglossum pachithunzichi amadabwa ndi maluwa owala komanso akulu omwe amatengedwa m'makobvu owuma. Kukhazikika kwake kumakhudza Mexico, Guatemala, Ecuador ndi maiko ena a Central ndi South America. Mtengowo umawoloka mosavuta ndikupanga ma hybrids okongola, kotero kuti alimi a maluwa atha kupanga zokongola kwambiri.
Kufotokozera kwa odontoglossum
Orchidglossum orchid ndi epiphytic herbaceous osatha. Amakhala kumapiri ataliatali, komwe nthawi zonse kumakhala kozizira komanso kotentha. Zomera zimakhala ndi nthenga zokulirapo zomwe zimakhazikika pamitengo ina, ndipo nthawi zina pamiyala. Mitundu ingapo yapadziko lapansi, m'malo mwake, yabzala mizu yayifupi. Mababu okhala ndi tchuthi mpaka 18cm kutalika amapezeka pamwamba pa mizu. Chifukwa cha kukula, mababu atsopano ali pafupi kwambiri wina ndi mnzake.
Pamwamba pa mababu pali masamba 3 achikopa, koma owonda. Masamba a masamba obiriwira amtundu wakuda ndipo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe kapena ozungulira.
Nthawi ya maluwa imatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse pachaka ndipo imatha miyezi 2-3. Duwa lozungulira maluwa 10-80 masentimita limakula kuchokera pakatikati pa rosette wamasamba. Pansi pa kulemera kwa masamba, tsinde limayenda pang'ono. Danga lakutseguka kwa maluwa otseguka ndi masentimita 4-7.Miyala yopyapyala ndi miyala yojambulidwa ndi utoto wachikasu, pinki, burgundy kapena utoto. Ali ndi mawanga a bulauni kapena burgundy komanso mikwingwirima yopingasa. Maluwa amaphatikizidwa ndi fungo labwino kwambiri. Milomo yotakata imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ngati pamtima kapena lobed. Chipilalacho chimakhala chocheperako, chimakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi milomo.
Malingaliro odziwika
Mitundu ya odontoglossum ndiyosiyana kwambiri. Ili ndi mitundu yopitilira 200. Zomera zimaswana mosavuta ndi genera yoyandikana pabanja, ndikupanga mitundu yambiri yosakanizidwa. Aliyense amene aganiza kugula odontoglossum adzakumana ndi chisankho chovuta, chifukwa onse ma orchid ndiabwino kwambiri.
Odontoglossum bicton. Chomera chokhala ndi mababu otalikirana bwino, otetezedwa mpaka kutalika kwa 18 cm. Rosette yamasamba imakhala ndi masamba 1-3 onenepa. Zomera - chobiriwira, zobiriwira zakuda. Kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Disembala, maluwa onunkhira amatulutsa maluwa, m'mimba mwake ndi 4-5 masentimita. Masawo amatenga timitsempha tating'onoting'ono tokhala ngati ma cyst wozungulira (30-80 cm). Mitengo yopapatizayi ndi utoto wachikasu ndi utoto wokutira ndi mawanga. Milomo yowoneka ngati mtima imakhala ndi malire pang'ono pang'ono pang'ono pang'ono ndi chala chaching'ono.
Odontoglossum ndi yayikulu. Chomera cha Rhizome chokhala ndi mababu mwamphamvu. Mababu omwe ali pansipa adakutidwa ndi masamba, maluwa apamwamba omwe ali ndi masamba awiri owondana, zipatso. Maluwa amachitika m'dzinja kapena nthawi yachisanu. Pakadali pano, chomera chimatulutsa ma peduniking angapo nthawi imodzi, chilichonse chimakhala ndi maluwa 3-9. Danga lokhala ndi duwa lotseguka limakhala masentimita 15. Ziphuphu zimapakidwa chikasu ndipo zimakutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yotuwa. Mwa izi, mmera nthawi zambiri umatchedwa tiger orchid. Mlomo ndi wocheperako, umapakidwa mumchenga kapena beige komanso wokutidwa ndi mikwingwirima.
Odontoglossum wokongola kapena wokongola. Pansi pa mbewuyo pamakhala mababu othinana. Pamwamba pa iliyonse limaphukira masamba awiri. Kuchokera pamasamba otsika, masamba 2 otambalala amatulutsa maluwa, ali ndi maluwa 6-16 osalala. Mzere wachikasu wowoneka bwino umakwera pamwamba pa milomo yayifupi. Maluwa amachitika kuyambira Januware mpaka Febere ndipo amayenda ndi fungo labwino.
Odontoglossum curly. Mtengowo umakhala ndi mabulangete angapo okula masentimita 808. Pamwamba pa tsamba lililonse pali masamba awiri a mabango okhala ndi m'mphepete. Kutalika kwa masamba kumatha kufika masentimita 40. Kuwala kwamasamba otsekemera, komwe kumakhala ndi maluwa 8-20, kumamera pamwamba pamera. Dawo lozungulira la maluwa otseguka ndi masentimita 6-8. Ziphuphu ndi manda zimapakidwa zoyera ndipo zimakutidwa ndi banga kapena la chikasu. Pamwamba pake amaphimbidwa ndi mawanga ofiira kapena a bulauni. Mphepete mwa miyala ndi milomo ndizakutidwa ndi mano ndi mafunde.
Odontoglossum Rosa ndi mitundu yosakanikirana kwambiri. Kutalika kwake limodzi ndi inflorescence sikupita masentimita 10. Masamba achikasu achikaso amaphimba mawanga a bulauni kapena lalanje. Milomo yochepa ndiyomwe imayendetsedwa ndikujambulidwa yoyera. Maluwa amapezeka mu Epulo-Meyi.
Ndimu odontoglossum muli gulu lokwanira mababu, pomwe pali masamba atatu achikopa. Maluwa amapezeka mu Meyi-Juni. Mtengowo umatulutsa maluwa okhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu 9-20. Mitambo ya phale imakhala yoyera, ndipo milomo yokhala ndi milomo yotuwa imakhala ndi mtundu wa lilac kapena wa pinki. Pakati pali marigold owala achikasu.
Kubzala mbewu
Kunyumba, odontoglossum imafalitsidwa ndikugawa chitsamba. Pamaso pa njirayi, ndikofunikira kupukuta gawo lapansi pang'ono, kumasula mawonekedwewo ndikusakaniza tsinde pakati pa mababu. Mababu osachepera 2-3 ayenera kukhalabe mgawo lililonse. Gawo limachitika ndi tsamba lakuthwa ngati lakutulutsa. Malowo odulawo amawaza ndi makala ophwanyika ndikuikika mumphika watsopano pamwamba pazotulutsira madziwo. Pamwambapo mizu ili ndi gawo lapadera la ma orchid.
Zomera zimasungidwa m'chipinda chozizira ndikuthirira madzi nthawi zonse. Adalimbikitsa zomwe zili mumlengalenga chinyezi. Kubwera achinyamata mphukira kapena masamba, mmera wakula ngati chomera wamkulu.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira odontoglossum kunyumba kuli ndi mavuto ambiri. Zomera ziyenera kusungidwa pamalo abwino komanso kuti ziziziramo usiku. M'chilimwe, kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kupitirira + 25 ° C masana ndi + 16 ° C usiku. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa masana kumakhazikika pa + 20 ° C, ndipo kutentha kwausiku kumatsitsidwa kukhala + 12 ° C.
Miphika imayikidwa m'chipinda chowala, koma imatetezedwa ku dzuwa. Chipindacho chizikhala ndi mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse kupatsa orchid mpweya wabwino.
Kutsirira odontoglossum kumafunikira zochuluka. Kuyenda kwake kumadalira kutentha kwa chipindacho m'chipindacho. Kutentha kwamphamvu kumafunikira chomera. Miphika imamizidwa m'madzi ofunda (+ 35 ° C) kwa mphindi 10-15, kenako madzi owonjezera amachotsedwa. Mtengowo umayankha bwino kwambiri pakusamba kotentha. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi oyera, ofewa. Pakati pa kuthirira, dothi liyenera kupukuta mkati mwa masiku 1-2.
Chinyezi chachikulu chimachitanso gawo lalikulu. Ziyenera kukhala m'mitundu 60-90%. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito ma humidifires ndi mathalauza okhala ndi timiyala tonyowa kapena dongo lotukulidwa.
Kawiri pamwezi, odontoglossum amafunika kuvala pamwamba. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yapadera ya ma orchid. Feteleza amawonjezeredwa ndi madzi othirira, nawonso amathiridwa pansi ndi mphukira pansi.
Kuika orchid kumachitika pakatha zaka 2-3 zilizonse. Chomera chimachotsedwa mumphika ndikumasulidwa kwathunthu ku gawo lapansi, phokoso limatsukidwa. Ngati mizu yowonongeka ikapezeka, imadulidwa ndikumwazidwa ndi chidutswa cha makala. Thirani zinthu zochulukirapo (dongo zokulirapo, miyala yamiyala, ndere, zidina zosweka) ndi dothi lapadera la ma orchid mu mphika. Osakaniza akhale ndi zotsatirazi:
- sphagnum moss kapena mizu ya fern;
- khungwa labedwa paini;
- makala.
Miphika nthawi zambiri imayikidwa mumiphika ya maluwa kapena mabasiketi okongoletsera. Pa maluwa, peduncle yosinthika imalimbikitsidwa kuti ichirikize.
Odontoglossum imagonjetsedwa ndi majeremusi komanso matenda a chomera. Nthawi zina kangaude amatha kupezeka pamasamba. Poterepa, mbewuzo zimathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
