Ferocactus ndi wosiyana kwambiri. Zitha kukhala zazitali komanso zozungulira, zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, zamaluwa kapena ayi. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi malo okongola a mitundu yambiri. Ndi chifukwa cha iwo omwe amalima maluwa amasankha kugula ferocactus. Ferocactus pazithunzi amawoneka bwino, mwanjira yobalalitsa mipira yaying'ono kapena chimphona chimodzi chenicheni. Zomera zazing'ono zimayamba kusintha pang'onopang'ono kukhala zimphona zanyumba. Amakhala pakatikati pachipindacho ndipo amatchuka chifukwa chosachita bwino.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Ferocactus ndiwosatha wochokera ku banja la a Cactus. Amamera m'madambo achipululu ku Mexico ndi kumwera kwa United States. Chomera chimakhala ndi mizu yoyera. Pafupipafupi, bizinesi yake imakhala yakuya masentimita 3 mpaka 20. Thupi lamtundu wake limakhala lozungulira kapena lozungulira. Imakutidwa ndi khungu loyera, lonyezimira lamtambo wakuda kapena wamtambo wonyezimira.
Zomera zambiri zimapanga thunthu limodzi mpaka 4 m kutalika mpaka 80c. Mitundu yamitundu yolimba imapezekanso, ndikupanga magulu onse. Pamwamba pa tsinde pali nthiti zoyimirira ndi gawo la patatu. Ma ntchentche agulu amalumikizidwa moyenerera m'mbali yonse. Amakutidwa ndi ma whitish pubescence ndipo ali ndi gulu lonse la singano zakuthwa. Pafupifupi pamapeto, kuchuluka kwa fluff kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Pamwambapa pali kakang'ono kofewa.
Pali ma singano pafupifupi 13 opezeka mu areola. Mitundu ina imakhala yopyapyala, pomwe ina imakhala ndi dothi lotalika. Kutalika kwa ma spines kuli m'lifupi mwa 1-13 cm.
Nthawi yamaluwa ya ferocactus cacti imagwera m'miyezi yachilimwe. Komabe, zojambula zamkati sizimakonda kusangalatsa zomwe zimakhala ndi maluwa. Amakhulupirira kuti chomera chachikulu chimamasula kutalika kuyambira 25 cm.Maluwa amapangidwa m'mphepete mwa tsinde kapena pamwamba. Amakhala ndi chubu lalifupi ndi mamba ambiri. Mbale za Oblong zimapanga corolla yosavuta yachikasu, kirimu kapena maluwa a pinki. Pachikaso pachikasu pamakhala ma anther ambiri komanso thumba losunga mazira.
Pambuyo pa maluwa, zipatso zowuluka ndi wandiweyani, khungu losalala limapangidwa. Mu zamkati zamkati zingapo zonyezimira zakuda.
Mitundu ya Ferocactus
Mtundu wa ferocactus, mitundu 36 yalembedwa. Ambiri aiwo amatha kupezeka mchikhalidwe.
Ferocactus Wislisen. Zomera ndizodabwitsa kukula. Tsinde lake limodzi wozungulira kapena wowoneka ngati bulu amakula mpaka 2 m kutalika. Pa thunthu pali timiyala tokwera mpaka 25, tambiri. Magulu a singano zofiirira 3-5cm amatalika amapezeka m'malo ocheperako.Magulu aliwonse a spines ali ndi zopyapyala komanso zowongoka, komanso 1-2 yolimba, yopindika yolimba ya tint yofiirira kapena ya bulauni. Maluwa achikasu kapena ofiira okhala ndi masentimita 5 okhala ndi chubu 4-6 masentimita adakonzedwa mu mawonekedwe a nkhata kumtunda kwa tsinde. M'malo maluwa, chikasu oblong zipatso 3-5 cm kutalika.
Ferocactus Emory. Tsinde lobiriwira lakudimba la chomera chaching'ono limakhala lozungulira, koma limatalikirana pang'onopang'ono mpaka mamita 2. Nthiti zopumira zolimba zomwe zimakwana 22-30 zidutswa. Minga yayitali, yolimba komanso yopindika pang'ono imapakidwa zoyera, zapinki kapena zofiira. Maluwa achikasu achikasu okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mwa masentimita 4-6 amapangidwa m'magulu pamwamba pa tsinde. Kutalika kwa zipatso za chikasu za ovoid ndi 3-5 cm.
Ferocactus latispinus kapena singano yopingasa. Mtengowo uli ndi tsinde lobiriwira lamtambo wobiriwira wokhala ndi nthiti zopapatiza komanso zazitali. Kutalika kwa tsinde ndi masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Zolimba zazikulu zimasonkhanitsidwa m'miyala yama radial ndikujambulidwa zoyera kapena zapinki. Angapo masingano amachepetsedwa komanso kuthinikizidwa. Amawonetsedwa mosamalitsa pa tsinde. Kwa mawonekedwe achilendo oterewa, kacusiyu amatchedwa "lilime lopanda." Pamwambapo pali gulu la masamba angapo ofiira kapena ofiirira. Danga la belu la tubular ndi 5 cm.
Ferocactus horridus. Wobiriwira wakuda ndi maziko achikasu, tsinde limakhala lozungulira kapena lofanana ndi cylindrical. Kutalika kwake kotalika ndi 1 m ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 30. Kufikira nthiti 13 zowongoka, zopindika pang'ono zimakutidwa ndi mitolo yazifupi ya spines yochepa. 8-25 singano zoyera zowongoka zimapezeka mowongoka, ndipo pakati pali mitundu ingapo yamaluwa ofiira kapena ofunda a burgundy 8-12 cm kutalika.
Ferocactus histrix. Tsinde lozungulira limakutidwa ndi khungu lamtambo wobiriwira, wonyezimira pang'ono. Kutalika kwa chomera chachikulu ndi masentimita 50-70. Kutalika ndi nthiti zazitali zimapezeka mokhazikika. Amakutidwa ndi arenes osowa okhala ndi singano zoyera kapena zachikasu. Kufikira ma spine a radial angapo amatha kutalika kwa 2-3 cm. Pakatikati pa areola, pali mphukira wofiira kwambiri wachikasu mpaka kutalika kwa 6. cm. Maluwa owoneka ngati belu osachedwa kutalika kwa 5 cm ndi chubu 3-4 cm ali kumtunda kwa tsinde. Amawoneka kuti ali papilo lofewa la mulu. Zipatso zazitali zachikasu mpaka kutalika kwa 2 cm zimatha kudyedwa. Phata limakhala ndi nthangala zakuda.
Njira zolerera
Pofalitsa mbewu za cactus, muyenera kumawakhomera tsiku limodzi m'madzi ofunda. Nthaka ya cacti imasakanizidwa ndi mchenga wambiri. The osakaniza ndi ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mbewu zofesedwa mpaka 5mm. Muphika wokutidwa ndi filimu ndikusiyidwa m'chipinda chowala kutentha + 23 ... +28 ° C. Tsiku ndi tsiku wowonjezera kutentha amabowoleza ndi kunyowa. Kuwombera kumawonekera mkati mwa masabata 3-4. Pambuyo kumera mbewu, filimuyo imachotsedwa. Pazaka pafupifupi masabata awiri ndi atatu, mbande zitha kuziika m'miphika ingapo.
Zidula zimadulidwa kuchokera ku njira zouziridwa ndi anthu akuluakulu. Malo odula amawazidwa ndi phulusa kapena kuyambitsa kaboni ndikuwuma mlengalenga kwa masiku atatu. Pakubzala, gwiritsani ntchito mchenga wosakaniza ndi makala. Nthaka imakhala yonyowa pang'ono ndipo zodulidwa zimabzalidwa. Mphika wokhala ndi mbande wokutidwa ndi zojambulazo kapena zitini. Pambuyo pozika mizu, pogona chimachotsedwa ndipo mbewuzo zimabzidwa mosiyana.
Malamulo Ogulitsa
Ferocactus amawokeranso pamene nthambizo zikukula. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mchaka chilichonse zaka 2-4. Pobzala, gwiritsani ntchito lonse, koma osati mapoto akuya kwambiri okhala ndi mabowo akulu. Pansi yikani ngalande. Nthaka iyenera kukhala acidic pang'ono, yopumira. Mutha kupanga zosakaniza za:
- mchenga wamchenga kapena mchenga;
- dothi louma;
- miyala
- pepala la pepala;
- makala.
Zosamalidwa
Kusamalira ferocactus kunyumba kumaphatikizapo kusankhidwa kwa malo owala ndi otentha. Masana masana ayenera kukhala osachepera maola 12 pachaka chonse. Mawonekedwe otsogola dzuwa ndiwindo lakumwera sakonda. M'masiku amitambo ndi nthawi yozizira, kugwiritsa ntchito kuwunikira kumalimbikitsidwa.
M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha kwa mpweya kumatha kukhala m'malo + 20 ... +35 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, nkhadze imayenera kupereka zoziziritsa kukhosi pa + 10 ... +15 ° C. Kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kusanja kwake kumatha kubweretsa matenda.
Ferocactus amafunika kuthirira wambiri ndi madzi ofewa otetezedwa. Pakati pa kuthirira, nthaka iyenera kuti idume bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, dziko lapansi limasungunuka nthawi yopitilira 1 pamwezi. Mpweya wouma si vuto chomera. Sifunika kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, koma kulekerera kusamba kofunda, kotentha.
Kudyetsa Ferocactus wokulitsa m'nthaka yofunikira sikofunikira. Mukadzala panthaka yothirira, mutha kudyetsa mbewuyo. M'nyengo yotentha, theka kapena gawo limodzi la gawo la feteleza wa cacti limayikidwa kamodzi pamwezi.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Ferocactus wokhala ndi madzi okwanira komanso owuma pang'ono amatha kudwala mizu ndi zowola zina. Sizotheka kusunga chomera chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kutsatira njira zolondola.
Nthawi zina nsabwe za m'masamba zimapezeka pachomera. Sambani majeremusi ndimavuto chifukwa cham'mimba, choncho ndibwino kuti mupopera mankhwalawo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo mosavuta.
