Palmwort ndi mbewu ya herbaceous ya banja la Orchidaceae. Amatchedwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mizu, yomwe imakhala ndi tuber yamtundu wa kanjedza. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi ma inflorescence okongola ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi ambiri wamaluwa monga orchid.
Kufotokozera
Oimira mtunduwu adalembedwa mu Red Book. Afalikira mu nyengo yotentha komanso yozizira ya ku Eurasia, North America ndi Africa. Chomerachi osatha, chimakhala ndi mizu yambiri. Pofika nthawi yophukira, tuber imasunga madzi ambiri ndi michere. Imakhala yotakata, yowonda komanso yopepuka. Panthawi yopuma, michere imadyedwa ndipo tuber lapansi imakhala yotupa, yomasuka kwambiri.
Masamba a kutchire amakhala obiriwira bwino, lanceolate, nthawi zina yokutidwa ndi mawanga amdima. Masamba omwe ali pamwambawa ndi ang'ono kuposa oyambira. Mtundu wa inflorescence umapezeka paphesi lakukongola lomwe lili ndi gawo lozungulira. Phesi limakhala ndi masamba pang'ono, chonsecho, pali masamba 2-7 owoneka bwino pamtengowo. Kutalika kwake kumatengera mitundu, pali mitundu yazifupi yotalika masentimita 10 ndi yayitali (mpaka 70 cm).
Mbali yam'mwamba ya pedice yoluka imakutidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Kutalika kwawo ndi masentimita 1-2.5. Zomera zokhala ndi pinki, lilac, violet ndi maluwa ofiirira ndizofala. Pamilomo yotsika, mawonekedwe amtundu wakuda amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono okhala ngati maluwa ali ngati maluwa. Maluwa amapezeka mu June ndi Julayi, ndipo pakati pa Ogasiti zipatso zimacha.
Ma foni omwe adagwera amatulutsa mabokosi obiriwira obiriwira. Mbewuzo ndi fumbi, laling'ono kwambiri. Nyengo imodzi, mbewu 50,000 zimapangidwa pachomera chilichonse.
Mitundu yotchuka
Kuchokera ku Baltic States kupita ku Altai, kuchokera ku Scandinavia mpaka pakati pa Europe ku meadows kuchina Baltic. Pamtanda waukulu, wogawanika kwambiri, machitidwe a chala 2-4 amapangidwa. Kutalika kwa mtengowo kumasiyana kuchokera pa 30 mpaka 60 cm. Pa mbewuyo, 4-6 mokulira, masamba a lanceolate amapangidwa, omwe amakhala mwamphamvu pamtengo. Amakhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 9 mpaka 20 ndipo m'lifupi mwake masentimita awiri okha. Limamasula kumayambiriro kwa June kwa miyezi iwiri, kenako zipatso zimawonekera.
Oldberry Amamera m'nkhalango zachilendo za Belarus, Ukraine komanso ku Baltic. Zomera ndizochepa, kutalika kwa tsinde ndi masentimita 30. Amakutidwa ndi masamba a lanceolate a 3-4, wogawidwa monse motalika. Pafupifupi cylindrical inflorescence amakutidwa kwambiri ndi masamba. Iliyonse imakhala ndi maluwa akulu kuyambira 10 mpaka 25. M'mwezi wa Meyi, nthawi yamaluwa, fungo lokalamba lomwe limafooka limafalikira. Maluwa ndi ofiirira kapena achikaso okhala ndi penti wofiirira pamilomo. Zomera zokhala ndi maluwa ofiira mulinso mtundu wofiirira wa tsinde ndi malire pamasamba.
Palmwort Meyi amapezeka m'malo otsetsereka ndi onyowa a ku Europe. Kutalika kwa mbewu sikupita masentimita 40. Masamba ofanana apamtunda amangoikidwa mbali yolunjika. Pamaso pawo pamakutidwa ndi mawanga amdima. Pa peduncle yayifupi, pali maluwa 20-35 ofiirira. Maluwa amapezeka mu Meyi-June.
Magazi Oyambira Magazi opezeka pakati pa zitsamba, kapena malo otentha a Western Siberia, Scandinavia ndi Mediterranean. Amakonda dongo kapena peaty, dothi lopangidwa bwino. Chomera chaching'ono 11 cm masentimita ataliyesa korona ndi inflorescence yaying'ono yokhala ndi maluwa a violet ndi ofiirira. Maluwa amapezeka mu June-Julayi.
Palmatokorennik Wogawika Amakonda mitengo yonyowa ndi dothi lonyowa kapena madambo, omwe amapezekanso pamtunda wa 2 km. Tsinde wandiweyani, 25-50 masentimita okwera, wokutidwa ndi masamba osowa. Ali ndi mawonekedwe ovoid okhala ndi m'mphepete wakunja. Masamba ali ndi malo amdima ang'onoang'ono. Makulidwe ochulukirapo mpaka masentimita 9 amakutidwa ndi maluwa ofiira. Pakati penipeni pa milomo, pali mzere yoyera wokhala ndi madontho a pinki. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi Julayi.
Fuchsia Rootfoot - chomera chokongola kwambiri. Kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 30-50. Masamba ndiwotupa, wokutidwa ndi mawanga a bulauni. Mu inflorescence pamwamba pa tsinde lonse pali maluwa pafupifupi 20-25. Alijambulidwa ndi utoto wofiirira kapena wofiirira. Ziphuphu zimakhala ndi madontho ambiri amtundu wofiirira. Mlomo wapansi umakhala ndi timiyala tating'ono tating'ono tomwe tili ofanana, omwe amakhala m'munsi m'munsi. Limamasula kuyambira pakati pa Juni mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Julayi.
Traunshteiner palatine imasiyanasiyana pakhungu lowonda, lowongoka kapena lopendekera la mtundu wa bulauni kapena burgundy. Kutalika kwa mphukira kumafika masentimita 50. Masamba obiriwira odera obiriwira amapezeka pamenepo. Maluwa ofiira a pinki amawundikira khutu laling'ono.
Palatine muzu nyama wofiira imafika kutalika kwa masentimita 50. Kugawidwa ku Caucasus, ku Western Europe ndi Iran. Amatchedwa pinki yotuwa ndi madontho a pofiirira petals utoto. Tsinde limakutidwa ndi masamba otalikilidwa kwambiri mpaka masamba 25. Chiwindo chokhala ngati dzira chimakutidwa ndi masamba. Limamasula mu mwezi wonse wa June.
Njira zolerera
Palmatokorennik amafalitsa m'njira ziwiri:
- Mbewu. Njirayi ndiyovuta kwambiri ndipo siyothandiza chifukwa choperewera michere mbewu. Zofesedwa mumiphika ndi peat gawo lapansi ndipo zimathiridwa madzi ambiri nthawi zonse.
- Kugawa tuber. Pakatikati, kukandika pang'ono kumayikidwa pa tuber ndi chinthu lakuthwa. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timayamba kupanga pamalo owonongeka. Zomera zokhazokha zimasiyanitsidwa ndikubzala ngati mbewu yodziyimira payokha. Ndiye kwa nyengoyo mutha kukwera 18 mbewu zachinyamata.
Maonekedwe a kulima ndi kusamalira
Palmatokorenniki amakonda malo opanda mchenga ndi dothi lonyowa bwino. Mitundu yambiri imafuna nthaka yonyowa komanso yachonde. Maluwa atha kukula peat, loamy kapena dongo. Kulimidwa kwa masamba kumaloledwa. Monga chovala chapamwamba, humusuus humus imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mtengowo nthawi zambiri umakhala m'malo otentha komanso kumpoto; Dongosolo la mizu sifunikira pobisalira.
Ndikofunikira kuzindikira malo omwe akutsikira kuti musapondere. Izi zimabweretsa kufa kwa chomera. Kujambulira sikumalekerera bwino, chifukwa chake simuyenera kuchita nawo njirayi. Kugulitsa ndi mtanda waukulu wamtunda.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Palmworm imamera ngati mtengo wokongoletsa kwambiri m'chipinda kapena m'munda. Oyenera kukongoletsa mabedi amaluwa mumithunzi ya mitengo kapena m'malo omwe ali pafupi ndi dziwe. Amamera pafupi ndi dambo, pomwe maluwa ena satenga mizu. Chimawoneka bwino m'magulu ena okhala ndi zina zotsika, zamaluwa zowala bwino kapena ndi toyesa zobiriwira pansi.
M'mbuyomu, ufa wouma wa tuber udagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza mankhwala. Chogulitsachi chili ndi zinthu zambiri zolimbitsa, zolimbikitsa komanso zokuvulaza.
