Kodi ndi kothandiza bwanji kabichi ka Romeesco komanso momwe mungakulire bwino?

Maonekedwe ake amafanizidwa ndi makorale, chipolopolo cha m'nyanja, mtengo wa Khirisimasi, kukoma kumeneku kumatchedwa zokoma komanso kosangalatsa. Ndipo zakudya zomwe zili mu kabichi Romanesco, zimapanga chimodzi mwa mankhwala ochiritsa kwambiri m'munda.

Kukula kabichi wa mtundu uwu kumakhudzana ndi mavuto angapo, makamaka kwa a novice wamaluwa, koma zosangalatsa ndi zokondweretsa zosangalatsa kuchokera ku zoyenera ndi zoyenera.

Mu nkhaniyi mudzawerenga mtundu wa zomera, momwe mungamere bwino komanso momwe mungakwaniritsire zokolola zabwino.

Mbiri ya

Mbiri yeniyeni ya maonekedwe a Romanesco kabichi sadziwika. Malinga ndi buku lina, ma Etruscans akale adakula m'zaka za zana la 1 BC. a ... Komabe pa msika wa zamasamba, kabichi iyi inawonekera kokha m'ma 90s a zaka za makumi awiri. Amakhulupirira kuti ndi zotsatira za kuphulika kwa broccoli ndi kolifulawa ndi odyera ku Italy, ngakhale kuti palibe umboni wotsimikizirika wa izi.

Kufotokozera

Romanesco (Brassika oleracea var botrytis), yemwenso imadziwika kuti Romanesque broccoli, Roman ndi coral kabichi, m'gulu la zomera zimagwirizana ndi mtundu waukulu wa Cauliflower Cruciferous.

Imeneyi ndi munda wamunda wa chaka chimodzi wokhala ndi mtundu wa mandimu wobiriwira kapena wa piramidi wa aster-maluwa kuchokera ku piramidi yowonongeka. Zipatso zazikulu - kuchokera 350 g mpaka 2.0 makilogalamu. Mutu umapangidwa ndi zazikulu, zautali, zobiriwira zakuda kapena zobiriwira, zofiira, masamba omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu rosette. Tsinde lamphamvu, pamwamba-kufika mita imodzi.

Ndi kulima koyenera, zokolola zambiri ndi 1.6-4.2 kg / m². Zomwe zimawonedwa ngati zabwino komanso zapamwamba.

Mu State Register of Breeding Achievements pali zinayi Romanesco kolifulawa maulendo analimbikitsa kulima m'madera onse a Russia:

• Poinauderde - wautali oyambirira, lalikulu-fruited (mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu).
• Emerald Cup - sing'anga oyambirira, ndi zipatso zazing'ono (0.35-0.5 makilogalamu).
• Veronica F1 - pakatikati, ndi zipatso 1.5-2.0 makilogalamu.
• Pearl - sing'anga mochedwa, ndi mutu wa pafupifupi kukula kwa 0.8 makilogalamu.

Ngakhale pakati pa wamaluwawo muli otchuka omwe sanalembedwe mu zolembera mitundu: Amphora F1, Gregory, Romanesco Natalino, Snappy Turtle.

Chithunzi

Mudzawona chithunzi cha Romanesco kabichi (Romano):

Kusiyana kwa mitundu ina

Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimadziwika ndi Romanesco kabichi ndi dongosolo lovuta la zipatso. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono, ophimbidwa ndi maluwa omwe amapezeka mu piramidi yambiri. Mapiramidiwo amawombera kuti apange mutu waukulu. Akatswiri a masamu amatcha fomu iyi kuti ayamba kuuluka.

Romanesco amakonda mosiyana ndi kolifulawa ndi kabichi ya broccoli. Mankhwala ake achichepere amadziwika kuti ndi okoma, okoma kwambiri. Koma chofunika kwambiri, Romanesco ndi wolemera kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya kabichi malinga ndi zinthu zothandiza mankhwala.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Phindu lalikulu la Romanesco ndilopadera, zomwe zikuphatikizapo:

• madzi;
• fiber;
• mavitamini A, C, magulu B, E, K;
• carotene;
• Zotsatira zake (calcium, potaziyamu, zinki, magnesium, manganese, chitsulo, phosphorous, fluorine, sodium, copper, selenium);
• folic acid;
• mafuta;
• amino acid;
• chosowa;
• sulforofan, glucosinolates ndi isothiocyanates;
• antioxidants.

Romanesco yatulutsa machiritso. Amakhala ndi anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Amatsitsa poizoni ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera ku thupi. Zopindulitsa pa dongosolo lalikulu la mitsempha. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo mbewuyo ndi yophweka mosavuta, mafuta ochepa, zakudya zamagetsi. Mtengo wa caloric wa magalamu 100 ndi 30 kcal, yomwe imapangitsa kuti kabichi la Romanesco likhale lokongola kwa anthu ofuna kulemera.

Olima amaluwa amalankhula za ubwino wa zomera zokongola kwambiri. Kawirikawiri zimabzalidwa m'mabedi a maluwa, kuphatikizapo zambiri zozizwitsa maluwa ndi zokongoletsa masamba.

Romanesco ili ndi imodzi yokha - Chikhalidwe chimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha ndi chinyezi. M'madera ambiri a Russia ndi nyengo yosadziŵika ya ku continental, kukula kabichi iyi ndizovuta kwambiri.

Chisamaliro ndi kulima

Kulima kwa Romanesco kabichi kukufanana ndi kulima kolifulawa ndi ku Brussels zimamera. Mukamabzala mugwiritse ntchito njira ziwiri - mmera ndi kufesa mbewu pamtunda.

Chenjerani: Njira yoperekera mbewu imakhala yotheka kumadera akumwera a Russia.

• Kupeza mbewu

  Mbewu imabwera kugulitsidwa monga kolifulawa mitundu (Veronica kolifulawa, Pearl, etc.). Mtengo wa thumba la mbeu (25 g) ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg mkati mwa 10-15 rubles.

• Nthawi yobwera

  Mbewu yotseguka imabzalidwa pambuyo poopsezedwa ndi kubwerera kwa chisanu:

  1. mitundu yoyambirira ikukula - kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa March mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa April;
  2. pakatikati-nyengo - mu April;
  3. mochedwa - kuyambira pakati pa May.

  Mbande anabzala :

  1. mitundu yoyambirira - kuyambira kumapeto kwa April mpaka pakati pa May;
  2. pakatikati - kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa May mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa June;
  3. mochedwa - kuyambira pakati pa June kufikira m'ma July.
• Kusankha malo okhala

  Romanesco sayenera kubzalidwa pambuyo pa turnips, radishes, radishes, swede, letesi. Pambuyo pa mtundu uliwonse wa kabichi, pofuna kupeŵa matenda, Aroma kabichi imabzalidwa osati kale kwambiri kuposa zaka 3-4. Mbatata amaonedwa kuti ndiyo yabwino kwambiri, mbewu imamva zabwino m'malo kumene kaloti, anyezi, tomato, nkhaka, nyemba, tirigu, ndi beets zakula. Malowa ayenera kukhala dzuwa ndipo nthawizonse amanyowa.

• Nthaka

  Nthaka imayamba kukonzekera kugwa. Mukamakumba manyowa (2 zitsulo pa 1 mamita), zomwe zidzakhala ndi nthawi yopita perepret m'nyengo yozizira, komanso zovuta zamchere feteleza zomwe zimakhala ndi molybdenum, boron, zamkuwa.

  Kwa Romanesco, nthaka yosasunthika ya mchere imakonda - dziko lapansi lakuda kapena loamy wakuda. Dziko lokhala ndi asidi yapamwamba ya acidity ndi laimu kapena matabwa kapena phulusa la dolomite (200-400 g / m²) akuwonjezeredwa. Ngati simunathe kukonzekera mabedi m'dzinja, mungathe kuchita kumayambiriro kwa masika, nthaka itangoyamba.

• Tikufika

  Mbewu za Romanesco ndizochepa kwambiri, choncho nthaka isanayambe, moisturized. Ngati n'kotheka, moyenera, tsanulirani mbewuzo, perekani 1-2 masentimita wosanjikiza a dziko lapansi pamwamba. Mbande zimabzalidwa muzitsime zokonzedweratu. Mitengo yoyambirira imabzalidwa pamsinkhu wa masiku 60, kucha kucha - 40, mochedwa - masiku 35. Ndi njira iliyonse yobzala ikhale ndi mtunda pakati pa zomera za 60 masentimita, pakati pa mizere - 50 cm.

• Kutentha

  Kutentha kwa nyengo - chofunikira chachikulu chokula Romaesco. Osati "kulingalira" ndi nthawi yobzala, mukhoza kupita popanda mbewu. Mapangidwe a Bud ndi maluwa amapezeka pokhapokha kutentha kwa 15-20 ºC.

  Polima mitundu yochedwa, kufesa mbewu ndi kubzala kwa mbande kumawerengedwa kotero kuti mapangidwe a mutu amagwa nthawi yoziziritsa kutentha usiku, kumadera ambiri izi ndikumapeto kwa August-September.

• Kuthirira

  Kabichi amafuna nthawi zonse kuthirira madzi, koma popanda madzi phulusa pamwamba. Pa kutentha kwa 15-20 ºC, ndikwanira kuthirira mabedi kamodzi pa masiku awiri, kutentha - tsiku lililonse.

• Kupaka pamwamba

  Kupaka pamwamba kumabweretsa katatu pa nyengo yokula:

  1. Pambuyo pa masiku 7-10 pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mbande kapena mutatha kuziika kutseguka pansi, manyowa a mphukira ndi zowola.
  2. Pambuyo pa masiku 14, galasi la phulusa limatsanulira pansi pa mbeu iliyonse ndi nitrophos imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mlingo wa 300 g / m².
  3. Kumayambiriro kwa mapangidwe a mutu wachinyamata, umadyetsedwa ndi zovuta feteleza, pokonzekera 30 g wa ammonium nitrate, 80 g wa superphosphate, 20 g wa potashi feteleza amasungunuka mu chidebe cha madzi.

  Ndikofunikira! Mipata imamasulidwa pambuyo kuthirira madzi, mvula ku kuya kwa masentimita 10-12, mu chilala ndi masentimita 4-6, kenako nthaka imayendetsedwa.

• Kukolola

  Zokolola zimayamba kuyambira kumapeto kwa August mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa October, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana ndi nyengo. Zosonkhanitsazo zimachitika m'mawa, mu nyengo yozizira, pamaso pa ma inflorescences akuwotchedwa padzuwa. Simungathe kudula mabala okoma pa mpesa, adzataya juiciness, kukoma ndi makhalidwe abwino.

• Kusungirako

  Romanticco yamakono amatha kusungidwa m'firiji masiku osapitirira 15. Kwa nthawi yaitali yosungirako, mitu, yosasunthika mu mapiramidi ang'onoang'ono, ndi oundana. Ndi njira iyi zinthu zonse zothandiza ndi mavitamini amasungidwa.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Pakati pa tizilombo toyambitsa matendaŵa amene amachititsa kuti Aromaesco asamve:

• aphid;
• mphukira ya cruciferous;
• kabichi butterfly mbozi;
• Medvedka;
• kabichi chophimba;
• kabichi ntchentche

Pofuna kulimbana ndi tizilombo, timagwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Roman kabichi ali ndi matenda onse odabwitsa kwa kolifulawa:

• mwendo wakuda;
• chithunzi;
• Alternaria;
• aliyense;
• mucous bacteriosis.

Kupewa mavuto osiyanasiyana

Kuti muteteze mungathe kuchita izi:

• Kuchokera ku fungal, matenda a tizilombo, musanadzalemo, kuwaza madzi otentha kapena yankho lakuda manganese musanadzalemo;
• kotero kuti inflorescences mwachikondi sichiwotchera ndi dzuwa, kumveka korona, kumangiriza masamba apamwamba pamwamba pawo;
• Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka pobzala pafupi ndi kabichi mabedi othawa (adyo, marigold, marigold, katsabola).

Kabichi Romanesco - mtundu wa otsutsa okonda. Kukula paphewa pokhapokha ngati ali ndi munda wamaluwa. Kulephera kumatsatira zipangizo zamakono, nyengo yoipa, kuukira kwa tizilombo kumabweretsa imfa.