Rasipiberi zipatso za zosiyanasiyana tomato "Tretyakovsky f1" kuchokera mbewu wobala "Ural chilimwe wokhala" mpikisano mokwanira pakati ena hybrids amene anaonekera.
Mu ndemanga, alimi a zamasamba amaona kukoma kokoma ndi maonekedwe a tomato, komanso zipatso zawo zabwino.
Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane zochitika za kufotokozera ndi kulima mitundu iyi ya nightshade.
Mukudziwa? Kwa nthawi yaitali tomato ankaonedwa kuti ndi owopsa padziko lonse lapansi. Mu 1820, Colonel wa ku America, Robert Gibbon, yemwe adadya chidebe cha tomato kutsogolo kwa anthu zikwi ziwiri, pomwepo pa khoti la Salem ku New Jersey. Panthawiyi, madokotala anali pantchito pafupi ndi asilikali, ndipo akazi ena adataya chidziwitso.
Phwetekere "Tretyakovsky": varietal makhalidwe
Mitundu ya tomato ya oyambirira ya Tretyakovsky imayimilira pamsika wamsika ngati wamtali wosakanizidwa wotchedwa F1, umene umasonyeza kukhalapo kwa mphamvu za amayi omwe ali ndi zomera. Tidzakhala pazinthu zazikulu mwatsatanetsatane, koma choyamba tidzasanthula mbiri.
Mbiri yopondereza
Mtedza wa "Tretyakov" unadulidwa ndi achibwisi a ku Russia mu 1999 ndi kupanga mapulaneti a maluwa a mtundu umodzi. Chaka chotsatira, wosakanizidwa analembetsedwa mu State Register ngati zosiyanasiyana tomato kulima kutchire ndi greenhouses. 
Kufotokozera za chitsamba
Kunja, wosakanizidwa ndi mkulu wokhala ndi shrub ndi kukula kosalekeza kwa mphukira. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu kwa zinyama, zimadalira kuloŵerera kupyolera mukumangiriza ndi kumangiriza ku zothandizira.
Nthawi zambiri, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kupanga korona wa 2-3 zimayambira. Zomera zimakhala zamphamvu, bwino masamba. Inflorescences amapangidwa pakati pa masamba atatu. Ndondomeko zam'mbuyo, zomwe ziri pafupi ndi mitengoyi, pitirizani kutsogolera chitukuko cha tsinde. Ovary amapangidwa ndi masango opangidwa ndi zipatso 7-9.
Chitsambachi chimasinthasintha pamthunzi ndipo chimakhala ndi mapangidwe ambiri a ovary, mosasamala kanthu za nyengo. Ponena za kuchapa wosakanizidwa chifukwa cha mitundu ya srednerannymi.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo yabwino kwambiri ya tomato ndi nyemba, mizu ndi masamba, koma palibe chifukwa choti muzitsata phwetekere m'malo mwa mbatata, chifukwa mbewu zonsezo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuphulika.
Kufotokozera Zipatso
Tomato "Tretyakov" yakucha mkati mwa masiku 100-110 mutabzalidwa mbeu ndipo malinga ndi kufotokozerayi amadziwika bwino ndi makhalidwe abwino.
Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu za chipatso ichi ndi mawonekedwe ophwanyika pang'ono, mtundu wofiira wobiriwira, wanyama wambiri wambiri wambiri, woonda thupi, koma khungu lofewa. Tomato wokhala ndi masentimita kukula kwake kulemera kwa pafupifupi 100-130 g uliwonse. Pali khalidwe lapamwamba komanso yosamalirako zamasamba. Ngakhale pansi pa nyengo yovuta, iwo samapyoza.
Pereka
Mwina zambiri fruiting ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kutchuka kwa wosakanizidwa. Tomato "Tretyakovsky" amadziwika ndi mbiri zokolola, amene, ndi oyenerera agrotechnical chikhalidwe ndi 5-6 makilogalamu zipatso ku chitsamba chilichonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kupereka banja ndi tomato oyambirira ndikusungira kusungirako nyengo yozizira, zomera 5-8 zatha.
Mukudziwa? Botanists amatchedwa tomato zipatso, ndipo Supreme Court ya United States of America mu 1983 anaganiza zoganizira zipatso izi ngati ndiwo zamasamba. Cholinga cha chisankho choterocho chinachepetsedwa kukhala amtengo wapangidwe, zomwe mosiyana ndi zipatso, zomwe zimaperekedwa ku ndiwo zamasamba.
Kukana kwa tizirombo ndi matenda
Kukula tomato "Tretyakovsky f1" kwambiri amathandiza katemera mazira jini kukana tizilombo matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Chomera chikuyerekeza ndi mitundu ina mwa chitetezo cha opangira causative wothandizira fusarium, cladosporia ndi fodya mosaic. Choncho, pamakhala odzola nthawi zonse ndi feteleza, chikhalidwe chidzayamika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa fruiting. 
Amamenyana ndi mapiri a Colorado omwe amatha kupirira. Kuteteza mbewu kuchokera ku tizilombo toonongeka tikulimbikitsidwa ndi kukonzekera "Kutchuka", "Maxim" ndi chiwonongeko chokhazikika. Kuchokera ku whitefish, zipatso moths ndi sawflies ogwira Lepedotsid, Bi-58 Watsopano, Aktara.
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Khungu lofewa limalola tomato zamitundu imeneyi kwa nthawi yaitali kuti apitirize kugwiritsira ntchito mawonekedwe obiriwira. Amapanga saladi okoma kwambiri, koma azimayiwa amadziwa kuti chipatso ndi mankhwala amatha kutentha. Iwo akulimbikitsidwa pokonzekera zosiyanasiyana sauces, pasitala, kuvala, madzi ndi zokometsera zonse zamzitini. Mu banki "Tretyakov" phwetekere amawoneka okongola kwambiri, ndipo chofunika kwambiri - sichimasokoneza ndipo n'chosangalatsa kwa kukoma.
Ndikofunikira! Kwa mabedi a phwetekere, feteleza kuchokera ku mafinya amavulaza kwambiri kuposa zabwino. Izi zimachokera ku mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo timene timakhala mmenemo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndi bwino kubweretsa kompositi wakucha.
Mitundu ya mankhwala ndi mitundu
Pa hybrid "Tretyakov f1" mukhoza kumva zabwino ndi zoipa zoyankha.
Zina mwazochitika zabwino za olima wamaluwa amanena kuti:
- chokolola chachikulu;
- kucha kucha kwa tomato;
- kukana mabakiteriya, mavairasi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- khalidwe lapamwamba khalidwe la chipatso, kugwiritsira ntchito kwawo moyenera;
- fruiting mosasamala kanthu za nyengo, yomwe imatha mpaka October.
Chifukwa cha kupanda ungwiro kwa mitunduyi amasonyeza mawu a alimi a zamasamba ozama kwambiri, koma ofooka amayamba. Ngati m'kupita kwanthawi sagwirizane ndi zingwezi, simungathe kukhala ndi tomato. Komanso, ziphona zazikuluzikulu ziwiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala mthunzi pa zikhalidwe zapafupi, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto m'madera ang'onoang'ono. Zowonongeka zikuphatikizapo kukhalapo kwa zofufumitsa zambiri, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kufufuza kwa mbewu zapamwamba, ndi zofunikira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowonongeka, kudyetsa.
Agrotechnics ndi zizindikiro za kukula ndi chisamaliro
Phwetekere "Tretyakovsky f1" akulimbikitsidwa kubzala yotseguka nthaka ndi greenhouses. Mukamalima pansi pa zochitika zakumapeto, zowonjezera kubwerera kwa wosakanizidwa zikuwonetsedwa. Mbeu zikumera zimapezeka mmera.
Mbeu yoyamba iyenera kuthiridwa mu njira yowonjezereka yopitirira kukula kwa theka la ola musanadzalemo. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kwambiri. Zomwe amaluwa amalangiza tizilombo mankhwala "Ecosil", amene bwinobwino amalumikiza onse ntchito.
Ndikofunikira! Zipatso sizimangirizidwa, ngati phwetekere zimayambira sizimakhudza nayitrogeni. Izi zimachitika makamaka phosphorous.Mbewu za mbande zabwino zimachokera ku malonda a peat. Iwo amaikidwa mu makapu apulasitiki, kuthirira madzi, ndiyeno amawonjezera mbewu ndikuphimba mphamvu yachiwiri yofanana. Njirayi imalepheretsa wolima minda yowonjezera mavuto ndi kusuta zomera ndipo savulaza mizu ikabzalidwa pamalo osatha.
Ngati kulima kumapezeka ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwasakaniza mipando yachonde ya padziko lapansi, peat ndi kompositi, iyenera kukidwa mu uvuni mopanda pake.
Tomato "Tretyakovsky" imafuna njira zoyenera zaulimi, pokhudzana ndi ulimi wothirira ndi feteleza. Odziwa bwino amalangiza kuti asapitirire ndi chinyezi. Zing'onoting'ono m'mayambiriro oyambirira a chitukuko madzi sizikusowa kamodzi pa sabata. Pamene masamba asanu kapena angapo amaonekera pa zimayambira, ulimi wothirira uyenera kuwonjezeka kawiri. Musaiwale za kutentha kwa madzi kwa ulimi wothirira. Sitiyenera kukhala wofiira kuposa 20-22 ° С ndipo khalani okonzeka bwino. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka kudzakhudza ubwino wa tomato - zidzakhala zowawa komanso zofewa kwambiri.
Kuti nyengo yakula bwino, tomato ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti azitrogeni, phosphorus ndi potaziyamu zimaperekedwa. Mapesi aang'ono amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa zigawo zikuluzikuluzi, choncho nthawi yomweyo mutabzala zimalangizidwa kuwonjezera feteleza kuchokera ku superphosphate. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo za nitrojeni, chitsamba chidzayamba kunenepa, ndipo m'tsogolomu chidzawonjezeretsa nitrates mu tomato.
Malinga ndi zikhalidwezi za chikhalidwe, penyani kukula kwake, ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa zinyama, muyenera kusiya kuchepetsa ndi kuchepetsa mizu ya phosphorous feteleza. Pakati pa maluwa, phulusa ndi lofunika ku fruiting, kupewa matenda ndi tizilombo towononga.
Mukudziwa? Pafupifupi tomato 65 miliyoni amapangidwa padziko lonse chaka chilichonse, zomwe ndi 75 peresenti kuposa kupanga nthochi.Pakapita koyamba kwa chitukuko cha tomato, payenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuunika kwa mapesi. Mbande zimafunika kufotokoza maola 16 tsiku lililonse. Pamene ziphuphu zimakula ndikufika kutalika kwa masentimita 30, zimatha kuikidwa pamalo otseguka. Konzani ntchito iyi iyenera kukhala madzulo kapena nyengo yamvula. Nkofunikanso kusungunula nthaka bwino.
Taganizirani zinthu za magawo. Kusadya sikugwirizana ndi tomato. Choncho, pakadali pano, ndibwino kuti muwachotsere ndi mandimu. Ngati bedi lokonzedweratu limakhala lonyowa ndi loamy, onetsetsani kuwonjezera zinthu zakuthengo ndi madzi (mchenga, peat, utuchi). Inde, zidzakhala bwino kwa chomera ngati mukuchita zinthu izi mu kugwa pamene mukulima chiwembu.
Maluwa amawomba agronomists amalangiza kugwedeza zabwino pollination.
