Makhalidwe osasunthika ndi masamba obiriwira a mahema amtendere ndi ofunikira mkati mwa osonkhanitsa okondeka omwe ali osiyana siyana ndi oyambira maluwa. Zitsamba zobiriwirazi zimabzalidwa mowolowa manja chaka chonse, kotero iwo ndi oyenerera pamsika wa maluwa. Tidzakambirana momwe tingayambire ndi kukula ku tabernemontana kunyumba.
Mukudziwa? Maluwawo anali ndi dzina lake lolemekezeka polemekeza wotsutsa wa mtunduwo - dokotala wa ku Germany Jacob Tabernemontus, yemwe mu dziko la German amatchedwa "bambo wa zomera".
Tabernemontana: Zowonetsera Zambiri
Kutchire, okongola tabernaemontana inflorescences (tabernaemontana) amatha kuwona m'madera ozungulira nyanja ndi madera otentha a Southeast Asia, America ndi Africa. Botanists amasonyeza chikhalidwe kwa anthu obiriwira a m'banja la Kutrov. M'madera ozizira, duwa limamera ngati chomera.
Panthawi yabwino, imakula mpaka mamita limodzi ndi hafu, imakhala ndi lignified stems.
Masamba achikopa amakula mosiyana, amawoneka okongoletsera chifukwa cha mdima wambiri ndipo amatsitsimutsa mitsempha, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yowonjezeredwa ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Zili ndi mawonekedwe otalika kwambiri, mapeto a 9 mpaka 25 cm. Ma inflorescences samaleka kuoneka, ndizo chitetezo chovuta ndi masamba ambiri. Malingana ndi mtundu wa chiwerengero chawo chimasiyanasiyana ndi zidutswa zitatu mpaka 20. Tabernemontana maluwa mwake amakhala oposa masentimita 6. Iwo ali awiri ophweka, oyera kapena obiriwira ndi zonunkhira zokoma. Pambuyo maluwa, ovary amapangidwa, m'malo mwake, m'kupita kwa nthawi, chipatso chimapezeka ngati kapepala kakang'ono ndi mbewu.
Zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi njira zodula. Chikhalidwe ndi cholimba, chosavuta kusunga, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya teknoloji yaulimi, yomwe tidzakambirana pansipa. Kwa chilengedwe si poizoni.
Mukudziwa? Kumayambiriro kummawa, mizu ndi nsonga za mahema amtunduwu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati antipyretic, expectorant, ndi astringent, ndipo chomeracho chimachotsedwa ku mankhwala a matenda a maso.
Mitundu ya kumudzi ya mahema
Pali mitundu yoposa 100 ya mahema a chihema, mu chikhalidwe chawo pali zochepa. Makamaka otchuka ndi alimi amakono a maluwa ndiwo:
- Tabernemontana divaricata - amasiyana ndi nthambi yophimba korona ndi masamba akulu a wobiriwira mtundu ndi lalikulu white inflorescences. Mphukira imapangidwa kuchokera kumapiri asanu ndi m'mphepete mwake. Kununkhira kwa maluwa kumawonjezereka madzulo ndi usiku. Zipatso zimakhala zobiriwira mdima wobiriwira ndi maziko a lalanje.
- Tabernemontana ikongoletsedwa - sing'anga-shrub yomwe imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira a masamba obiriwira ndi chipale chofewa cha inflorescences chokhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu ozungulira awiri omwe ali ndi fungo lokoma.
- Tabernemontana ndi yokongola - mtengo wawung'ono wokhala ndi fungo lopweteka la five-petal osati maluwa awiri.
- Tabernemontana holst - mitundu yosawerengeka imeneyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa oyambirira a maluwa okongola, omwe ali ofanana kwambiri ndi mawotchi.
- Tabernemontana Sanango - ndi ofunika kwambiri pambali zake, zomwe zimafika kutalika kwa masentimita 30, ndi zipatso zodyedwa.
- Amsonia Tabernemontana - amawoneka okongoletsa chifukwa cha blue inflorescences ndi masamba akuda.
- Tabernemontana variegata - mitundu yoimiridwa ndi mitundu yosiyana siyana.
Ndikofunikira! Mphika wokhala ndi bloom tabernemontana sungasinthidwe. Izi zingayambitse kusokoneza msanga kwa inflorescences.
Zomwe zingatheke kuti mukule m'nyumba
Mlendo wotentha wa Thermophilic, kamodzi mnyumba, safuna chisamaliro chapadera ndi chisamaliro. Kukula ndi maluwa, imakhala chinyezi, kuwala ndi kutentha.
Kuunikira
Kuti shrub iwonjeze zogwirizana korona symmetrically, imafuna diffused kuwala. Amakonda dzuwa, koma amawopa dzuwa. Maluwa osasunthika adzakula pawindo lirilonse, koma lidzakhala labwino kwambiri kumbali ndi kum'mwera.
Mudzakhala ndi chidwi chodziwa zomwe zimalidwa ndi kulima, monga thuja chipinda, fir, kupressotsiparis, cypress, mkungudza wachi China.Ngati pali kuwala mchipindamo, ndibwino kuti mthunzi ukhale mthunzi. Kuyika mphika kumpoto woyandikana, mudzamuchotsera mwayi wakuphuka momasuka. Kumbukirani kuti mmudzi mwawo zikhalidwe zam'mlengalenga sizikumva zowawa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala. Kupereka zinthu izi mu nyumba ndi cholinga chachikulu cha maluwa.
Kutentha
Chifukwa cha mkhalidwe wa nyengo panyumba ya tabernemontana, imafunika kutonthoza pamtunda wa 20 ° C kunyumba. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumatha kufika pa 15 ° C. Mankhwala a Hymothermia adzakhudza maluwa ake. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, thermometer ikhoza kufika 22 ° C, koma osati, chifukwa duwa limamva bwino mukutentha. Kulipira mpweya wotentha kumathandiza chinyezi chochuluka.
Malo osambira a mlengalenga pa khonde adzakhala othandiza pachikhalidwe, ndipo ngati n'kotheka, mphika uyenera kuikidwa m'munda. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chiyenera kutetezedwa ku zojambula kuchokera kutseguka.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi bwino kuchotsa chinyezi chokwanira muchitetezo cha tray ndi tabernemontana kuti zisawonongeke mizu.
Mmene mungasamalire kunyumba
Kusamalira zitsamba ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya ndi nthaka mu mphika, komanso momwe zimakhalira ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri kwa maluwa. Ganizirani zonse zomwe mukuchita.
Kuthirira
Mphika wokonda chinyezi ndi wofunikira kwambiri pamtunda wa chinyontho mu chipinda, kotero njira za madzi ziyenera kutengedwa mozama. 
Tabernemontana sangathe kupulumuka ngakhale chilala chochepa. Dothi ladothi mumphika mwake limangokhala youma, ndipo izi zikadzachitika, tikusowa gawo lotsatira la madzi. M'nyengo yotentha, sabata iliyonse amapereka zosowa zobiriwira ndi 2-3 kuthirira, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira imodzi imakhala yokwanira. Tetezani madzi musanafike ndipo onetsetsani kuti sikuzizira.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Kuthirira mbewu yokha sikukondweretsa. Mpweya wouma m'nyumba umasonyezedwa pa masamba, ngakhale pali madzi mumphika. Maluwawo amafunika kuwonjezereka, monga mpweya, ndipo nthawi zonse muyenera kuyipopera kuchokera pazitsulo zabwino. M'chilimwe, ndondomekoyi imalimbikitsidwa kuti ibwerezedwe katatu pa sabata, nthawi yomwe imalowetsa ndi osamba, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira mungathe kumwa ulimi umodzi wokha pa masiku asanu ndi awiri.
Phunzirani zambiri za chisamaliro cha gatsaniya, freesia, cynia, chipinda cha balsamic, carnation mu mphika, chrysanthemum, sage.Azimayi ena amalangizidwa kuti apukuta masamba ndi siponji yonyowa, ngakhale kuti njirayi yowonongeka ndi yoopsa kwambiri - siponji yowonongeka bwino imachoka pamphuno kumbuyo kwake, makamaka pa malo odyera amtundu wa mtundu wa terry.
Nthaka ndi kuvala
Kukula kwathunthu kwa mizu, ndipo motero korona, idzaperekedwa ndi kuwala, chinyezi-permeable, chosasunthika magawo okhala ndi zakudya zokwanira ndi acidity. 
Choyenera, mlingo wa pH sayenera kupitirira 4.5-5.5. Mukamadzala mphukira, nthaka yosakaniza imakonzedwa kuchokera ku mchenga wa mtsinje, humus, peat wolimba, ndi coniferous nthaka. Zosakaniza za azaleas ndi zipatso za zipatso zimakhala zoyenera kugula malo a tabernemontane, koma ayenera kukhala theka osakanizidwa ndi mchenga.
Popeza chikhalidwe chimakonda kwambiri chinyezi, kuteteza kuchepa kwa madzi ndi matenda a mizu yambiri, madzi akumwa mumphika. Zimapangidwa ndi dothi lowonjezera, lomwe limadzaza gawo lachinayi la thanki. Mwezi uliwonse, dziko lapansi limafuna mchere wochuluka. Kuti izi zitheke, mukamwetsa chomera, onjezerani madontho angapo a mandimu kapena 2-3 citric acid crystals kumadzi.
Pofuna kuti maluwawo asachepetse shrub, kawiri pamwezi ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi mchere wovuta feteleza kwa maluwa. Mbiri yosadziwika ndi njira: "Pocon", "Florovit", "Etisso", "Bona Forte". Kukula kwakukulu kwa ma biomass kudzathandiza kuti azitrogeni ali ndi "Emerald".
Ndikofunikira! M'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira, the tabernemontane safuna kudyetsedwa.
Kusintha malamulo
Mipingo yaying'ono yamabwinja imayenera kusuntha nthawi zonse. Chifukwa cha kukula kwachangu kwa chaka iwo akhoza kukhala 2-3. Chophimba chokhwima kwambiri chidzafunikira njirayi zaka zitatu zilizonse. Pofuna kubwezeretsa, madzi atsopano, gawo ndi mphika amafunikira masentimita angapo kuposa kale lomwelo. 
Mwachikhalidwe, chomeracho chiyenera kutsanulidwa mochulukira, ndipo pamene chinyontho chimachotsedwa, tulutsa kunja dothi pamodzi ndi chitsamba. Mulimonsemo simukuyenera kugwedeza nthaka yakale ndikufupikitsa rhizome. Mbewuyi imayikidwa mu tangi yatsopano chifukwa cha madzi ndikudzaza ndi nthaka yatsopano, madzi.
Kubereka kunyumba
Kukula msasa watsopano wamatabwa kumakhala kuchokera ku phesi kapena ku mbewu. Njira yotsiriza imasankhidwa ndi odwala botanist, chifukwa nthawizonse sizothandiza, koma mulimonsemo zimafuna nthawi yambiri ndi khama. Chotsatira china chosasangalatsa cha njira ya mbewu - zitsanzo zazikulu, monga lamulo, zimataya zikhalidwe zawo. Choncho, pazikhala pakhomo, njira yoyenera ndiyo njira yodula.
Tabernemontana ndi kubereka kotereku kudzalandira mikhalidwe yonse ya amayi, ndipo rooting idzachitika kanthawi kochepa. Pofuna kupeza mphukira yomwe mukufuna, nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, kudula masentimita 10 kudula ndi awiri awiri a masamba pa tsinde labwino.
Ndikofunikira! Malo a kagawo pa nthawi yocheka amafunika kutsukidwa ndi madzi kuti madzi osungira chinsinsi asatseke mitsuko ya germ.
Ngati phesi lidzakhazikika mumadzi, liyikeni mu mtsuko watsopano wa madzi ofunda otenthedwa ndi kuwonjezera pa mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya. Ngati mukufuna mizu kukula mwamsanga mu gawo lapansi, konzekerani kusakaniza kwa mchenga ndi peat wofanana, tsanulirani mu chidebe cha pulasitiki ndi chivindikiro. 
Mulimonsemo, kutentha kwa wowonjezera kumathandiza kuti chitukuko chiyambike. Nyumba zophimba nthawi zonse ziyenera kuchotsedwa, kuwonjezera mphamvu ya microclimate ndi oxygen. Kawirikawiri, rooting ya cuttings idzatenga 1.5 mpaka 2 miyezi.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi tizirombo ndi matenda
Mwamwayi, tabernemontana ndi yovuta kwambiri kwa tizilombo towononga, chifukwa cha ntchito yofunika yomwe masamba ake amatembenukira chikasu, maluwa akugwa, chitsamba chikuwoneka chopanda moyo. Kudyetsa pa madzi a tropical exotica akukondedwa ndi akangaude, mealybug, aphid, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, whitefly. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathandiza kuchotsa tizilombo toyamwa ("Aktara", "Bi-58 Watsopano", "Fufanon").
Pakati pa matenda nthawi zambiri zomera zimakhudza chlorosis. Ndibwino kuti tithane ndi vutoli nthawi ndi nthawi poyikitsa nthaka mu mphika (izi zimathandizidwiranso kuti zisawonongeke), ndipo ziyeneranso kupopera chitsambacho ndi njira yothetsera sulphate kapena Emerald.
Mukudziwa? Pambali mwa masamba, madontho aang'ono amdima amatha kuonekera, omwe amatsirizira. Musasokoneze iwo ndi tizirombo. Ichi ndi chinsinsi chobisika ndi glands la tsamba la masamba chifukwa cha kuthirira mowolowa manja ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha..
Koma kumbukirani, matenda ndi tizilombo ta parasitic zimawoneka ndi njira zolakwika za ulimi. Nthawi zonse ayang'anitseni mosamala masamba a mphika - adzakuuzani za m'mene amakhalira ndi inu. Ngati chifukwa cha wilting sichimenyana ndi tizilombo, ndi bwino kuyang'ana ulimi wa ulimi wothirira ndi kutentha kwa mlengalenga. 
Ndi kusowa chinyezi, kugwirana kwa masamba ndi kutsanulira iwo isanayambe maluwa n'kotheka. Zomera zowonjezera kwambiri ndi masamba otumbululuka amafuula kwa inu za kuunika kosauka. Chifukwa cha osauka chitukuko cha maluwacho chikhoza kuphimbidwa mu mphika ndikuwonetseredwa ngati mawonekedwe ovunda. Pachifukwa ichi, chomeracho chidzafunika kuika mwamsanga ndi kuchotsedwa kwa ziwalo zonse.
