Njuchi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kubisala nyumba zawo m'mabowo kapena korona wodula mitengo. Choncho, kuti tizilombo tizilumikizane mwamsanga kumalo atsopano, alimi omwe akudziwa bwino akuyesera kupanga malo abwino kuti njuchi zibale ndikupanga uchi wokoma. M'nkhaniyi, muphunzira momwe mungapangire mng'oma ndi manja anu, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimapangidwira njuchi komanso zosankha.
Zomwe zimapangidwira
Musanayambe kujambula zojambula, muyenera kudziwa momwe njuchi zimapangidwira. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mlimi akuyesera kupanga tizilombo ngati zimenezi zomwe zimathandiza zokhumba zawo. Komabe, kumangako sikungakhale kosavuta kwa njuchi. 
Kwenikweni Zing'oma zonse zimakhala ndi chipolopolo, zipinda ziwiri, chivindikiro ndi magazini. Kunja, izo zimawoneka ngati bokosi losakanizika ndi denga lakuda ndi pansi.
Zitsamba zimakhala ndi makoma. Miyeso imadalira mtundu wa zomangamanga. Pakhoza kukhala angapo. Pamakoma muli njuchi-mawanga.
Sitolo singakhale yofunikira, komabe, ndi yoyenera kuteteza uchi pamene kusonkhanitsa uchi kumapezeka. Palinso pansi pa chivundikiro (lingaliro lina la sitolo, koma popanda grooves). Ili pakati pa denga ndi pamwamba. Zimatenthetsa. Mukhozanso kukhazikitsa nyerere mu njuchi.
Zomwe zili pansizo ndizochotsedwera komanso zosachotsedwa. Njira yoyamba imakulolani kuti musamalire bwino njuchi, ngati akusowa chithandizo chamankhwala. Mitundu yosasuntha yomwe imathandiza kuti njuchi zifike. 
Alimi ena amapanga denga lomwe limatentha mumng'oma. Mukhoza kukonza pamwamba pa chisa pamwamba pa mafelemu.
Denga ndi chitetezo komanso chinthu chachikulu mumng'oma. Amatha kubisa tizilombo kuchokera ku zozizwitsa zam'mlengalenga. Denga ndi lathyathyathya komanso laling'ono. Woyamba amakulolani kuti mutenge mng'oma.
Cholinga chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza njuchi. Icho chimapangidwa ndi kapamwamba ndi apansi bar, komanso mipiringidzo iwiri. Mafelemuwa ali ndi ogawanitsa ndipo ali mu barre pamwamba.
Mmene mungasankhire zipangizo ndi zipangizo zolenga
Pofuna kupanga mng'oma, zachilengedwe ndi zipangizo zamtengo wapatali zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. M'magulu otsatirawa mutha kumvetsa zomwe zikufunika kuti mumange chisa, komanso phunzirani ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zipangizo zonsezi.
Zida zambiri zotchuka
Choyamba ndi chothandizira kwambiri kupanga mng'oma - mtengo Amapuma bwino ndikuwombera mpweya. Mitengo ya coniferous, monga pine, mkungudza, spruce ndi fir, imasankhidwa makamaka. Mungathenso kutenga popula, linden kapena aspen. Wood ndi otsika mtengo wa kutentha, kuteteza njuchi m'nyengo yotentha ndi yozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupanga ming'oma, sankhani zinthu zomwe mulibe zovunda, mfundo ndi ming'alu.Chokhacho chokha cha nkhaniyi ndi kutheza kusunga chinyezi chomwe chimalowa mumng'oma.
Miphika ya plywood imadziwika ngati zachilengedwe komanso yokhazikika. Ndizovuta zonyamula katundu. Plywood ndi wapamwamba kuposa nkhuni potsatsa kutentha ndi kuuma. 
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuphimba plywood ndi yapadera yazithunzithunzi penti ndikuyika makoma a mng'oma ndi polystyrene thovu.
Mu njuchi zoterezi, njuchi zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa kutentha, chifukwa mkati mwazomwe zimakhala bwino ndikukhala ndi uchi.
Uchi ndi wotchuka kwambiri, koma osati chokhacho chopanga njuchi. Kwa zaka zambiri, anthu akhala akugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina zomwe zimabweretsa njuchi: mungu, njuchi, sera, propolis, maporem, mkaka wa drone.
Alimi ambiri amasankha kuwonjezeka kwa polystyrene, chifukwa ndi yotchipa ndipo ali ndi mlingo wapamwamba wotsekemera. N'zosavuta kugwira ntchito ndikukonzekera. 
Zokhazokha zokha zazinthuzi ndizochepa mphamvu zakuthupi ndi zosautsa kukoma kwa uchi, chifukwa njuchi zimatha kulawa zowonjezera polystyrene.
Ngati mukufuna kubweretsa uchi, koma muli ndi ndalama zingapo, ndiye mutha kuchotsa mng'oma phula pulasitiki. Mpangidwewo umakhala wowala kwambiri, umakhala wotentha m'nyengo yozizira ndipo imakhala yotentha m'chilimwe.
Chombo chokhacho - kujambula ming'oma yotsekedwa kuteteza mvula kuchokera ku zozizwitsa za m'mlengalenga. 
Mphuno ya polyurethane amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomangirira. Ali ndi mlingo wotsika wa kutenthetsa, koma malowa adzakhala othandiza popanga mng'oma. Mphuno ya polyurethane imalola kuti chinyezi chisalowe, sichivunda, sichimachita ndi zotupa ndipo zimateteza chisa ku majeremusi ndi bowa. Zinthuzo ndizolimba, ndipo mbewa sizikhoza kuwononga.
Chotsalira chokha ndicho kuwonongeka. Koma izi zingathe kukonzedwanso ndi dongosolo lina la mpweya wabwino.
Polycarbonate zimasiyana molimbika, mosavuta komanso motalika. Zida zofunika kusamalira tizilombo, chifukwa zingathe kupirira kutentha ndi kutentha, siziopa kuwonetsera dzuwa. 
M'katikati mwa chisa cha nkhaniyi tidzasungidwa ndi microclimate yabwino kwambiri ya njuchi.
Mndandanda wa zipangizo zolenga nyumba za njuchi
Pofuna kupanga mng'oma, mufunikira zida zotsatirazi:
- Nkhwangwa
- Hacksaws wa kukula kwake
- Hammer
- Kuponya
- Fuganka
- Chisel
- Ndege
- Chida cholemba
- Zida zamagetsi
- Zida zazing'ono
- Clay "PVA"
- Chomangirirapo (mungathe kutenga nthawi ya mlimi wodziwa bwino).
Momwe mungapangire mng'oma ndi manja anu
Tsopano popeza mwasankha nokha zinthu zokhazokha ndikugwiritsira ntchito zida zonse zofunika, timapitabe ku chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Mu zigawo zotsatirazi, mudzaphunzira momwe mungakhalire njuchi kwa njuchi zosiyana siyana. 
Matabwa
Pogwiritsa ntchito mng'oma, sankhani matabwa a matabwa ndi chinyezi, chomwe chimasiyanasiyana ndi dera la 15-16%. Malingana ndi chiwerengero ndi kukula kwa thupi lasankhidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu. Zojambula ndizoyenera kutenga kuchokera kwa alimi odziwa bwino ntchito.
Ndikofunikira! Gwiritsani ntchito magawo akuluakulu a zinthu zofunika kuti ntchito ikhale yophweka.
Nyumba zogona
Mudzafunikanso matabwa 4 masentimita wandiweyani kuti mupange pansi. M'mabotolo timapanga grooves kuti tigwirizane ndi makoma a kanyumba.
Timapanga zolemera 18x4 mm.
Timagwirizanitsa matabwa kukhala zishango, kudzoza grooves ndi guluu woyera. Ndikofunika kuti muwapangitse mwamphamvu wina ndi mzake kuti mipata isapangidwe. 
Ndipo kotero timachita makoma 4. Muyenera kusonkhanitsa nkhaniyo ngati mawonekedwe a zikopa zomwe zingagwirizane ndi chithandizo cha lilime ndi casin. Miyeso ya makoma akumbuyo ndi kutsogolo kwa 605x320 mm. Makoma a mbali - 530х320 mm. Mu makoma a mbali timapanga grooves 5 mm kwambiri ndi 20 mm m'lifupi.
Ndikofunikira! Kutalikirana pakati pa grooves - 450 mm.Kufika ku kulengedwa kwa makoma akumbuyo ndi kutsogolo. Ayenera kusonkhanitsidwa m'mabokosi apakati kuchokera ku matabwa (makulidwe - 15 mm). Miyeso ya makoma ndi 675x500 mm. Miyeso ya makoma akumbali - 560x500 mm.
Pakhoma lokhazikika pamabwalo akumidzi ayenera kumangidwa pambali kuti adziwe bwino malo. Makoma a mkati amayikidwa ndi guluu, makona ayenera kukhazikika molunjika. Pansi pamphepete mwa mulanduyo ndi bwino kukhala pamalo ozungulira.
Mapeyala otsika ndi apamwamba
Teyi ya m'munsiyi iyenera kupangidwa muzithunzi zotsatirazi - 1x25 masentimita, kuikamo kuchokera 5 cm kuchokera khoma lakumanja la mng'oma. Sitimayi yapamwamba imakhala ya 1 × 10 cm, imayenera kukhala pamtunda wa masentimita 12 kuchokera ku khoma labwino la mng'oma. Kutalika kwake ndi masentimita atatu m'munsi mwa mapiritsi apamwamba a chimango. 
Malo osambira
Pakhoma lakumbuyo pazomwe kuli kofunika kuyika dzenje lopangidwa ndi khola kuti likhale losavuta kuthana ndi varroa. Ikhoza kutsekedwa ndi choyika (kukula 45x4 masentimita).
Mothandizidwa ndi mabowo a tiyiyi, mumalowetsa malo omwe mumakhala mumng'oma mumapangidwe a matabwa. Miyeso - 1.5x2 masentimita.
Paulo
Mofanana ndi khoma lamkati kutsogolo pakakhala ngati tikukhomerera pansi. Kutalika kwa pansi ndi masentimita 65. Bwalo loyamba liyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti liwone masentimita 1 kupitirira thupi. Pazitsulo izi timapanga matabwa obwera. Kenaka tinamenya mapulaneti ena onse. Pambuyo pake, tembenuzani chithunzicho ndikukwera pansi ndikuikapo makatoni ndi zakutchire. Mzere wosanjikiza wa pansi - matabwa.
Makoma akunja
Mutatha kuchita pansi ndikukhomerera makoma a mkati, yesani makoma akunja. Pambuyo ndi kumbuyo zimachotsedwa pansi pa thupi lililonse. Mapeto ayenera kutulutsa 2 cm kupitirira mbali zamkati zamkati. Panthawi ino timayika pakati pa makoma. Pa bolodi kutsogolo ayenera kudula mabowo a tray. Mu khoma lakumbuyo liyenera kukhala dzenje la malo ochepa.
Komanso, kuti pakhale chitsimikizo ndikofunikira kuti msomali ukhale pamtambo wakunja.
Kumapeto kwa makoma a kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo, ntchito 2 cm kupitirira mbali ya mkatikati, makoma okwera matentimita 15 masentimita ayenera kudzazidwa.mipangidwe ya 4x2 masentimita ayenera kukhomeredwa kuzungulira lonse la makoma a mkati.
Pambali ndi kumbuyo kwa mng'oma, mindandanda iyenera kusankhidwa (miyeso 1x1 cm) kuti ikhale mafelemu. Slats ayenera kuikidwa mwamphamvu pazomwe akugwiritsira ntchito. 
Zosangalatsa
Kuti mudzaze malo amodzi muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito moss. Iyenera kukhala yowuma kwambiri, chifukwa moss womwewo udzadzaza bwino.
Amagwiritsiranso ntchito thovu, bolodi lopiringizira, ubweya wa nkhosa, ubweya ndi ubweya.
Nsalu
Popeza alimi nthawi zambiri amayenera kukweza denga ndikulibwezeretsa, mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala owala. Izi zimafuna kukwera. Iyenera kuchitidwa ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 12 kuchokera ku matabwa okhala ndi masentimita 15. 
Pamwamba pa chisa pansi pa denga, nkofunikira kusiya malo opanda ufulu a masentimita 24 m'litali. M'dera lino tili ndi sitolo ya masentimita ndi chingwe chotentha.
Phokoso
Mtsamizi umayikidwa pakati pa mbaliyo pa chinsalu kuti iyenerere kumenyana ndi makoma a bolodi.
Mtsamizi umatenga 1 masentimita pamwamba pa chisa. Miyeso - 75x53. Kuyika kutayira ndi masentimita 10. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito moss, koma ndi bwino kuligwiritsa ntchito kutentha makoma a mbali.
Bee Entry
Pakati pa pansi ndi pansi pansi pamtanda, chokani masentimita 1 kuti njuchi ndi mpweya wabwino m'nyengo yozizira.
Mukudziwa? Ndi bwino kupaka nyemba yoyera, popeza mtundu uwu umakumbukiridwa bwino ndi tizilombo.
Kuchokera ku thovu
Kuti mupange ming†™ oma, mufunikira ma thovu, mapuloteni (5 masentimita), mapepala a nsomba zing'onozing'ono, pepala lopangidwa ndi madzi, misomali yowonongeka, pepala lopaka pepala, wolamulira, screwdriver (screwdriver), mpeni wojambula ndi zozungulira. 
Ndikofunikira! Zinthu zonse za mng'oma zimagwirizanitsidwa mofanana ndi zida zamatabwa za chisa cha njuchi.Mapepala a chithovu ayenera kukhala osiyana siyana - 3x5 masentimita. Papepala, konzekerani kansalu kameneko ndikupititsa ku chithovu pogwiritsira ntchito chizindikiro ndi wolamulira.
Dulani chojambulacho ndi mpeni wojambulapo, wowonongeka. Edge ife timatsuka sandpaper. 
Makoma a mbaliyo amamangirira ndi kumangirira (pamagulu, kudula malo ogona ndi kukakamiza makomawo mwamphamvu). Zinthu zimayikidwa ndi misomali yowonongeka.
Kuti mupeze zotsatira, gwiritsani ntchito zojambula pazomwe mukuyang'ana. 
Polyurethane
Nyumba
Pazomwe mungafunikire mbale 8 zitsulo. Mabala anayi adzakhala mawonekedwe a kunja, ndipo zina zotsalazo zidzakhala mkati. Mipangidwe iyenera kuikidwa pakati pa mbale zamkati. Matayala akunja ayenera kutsindikizidwa.
Mbali zamkati zazitali zakunja ziyenera kuyika zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo, kupanga mawonekedwe a thupi kuti amange.
Pansi ndi kumaphimba amapangidwa ndi grooves. Ma mbale adzalowetsedwa mwa iwo. Pakati pa m'mphepete mwake mumapanga zitsulo ndi kuzitsatira.
Dulani mabowo kumbali ndi kunja kwa mulandu ndikuphimba. Akasonkhana, amaika ndodo zolowa mkati mwawo.
Mabotolo amafunika kuwongolera pa ndodozo, kugwira ntchito yonseyo mwamphamvu. Mu chivindikiro muyenera kupanga mabowo kutsanulira chisakanizo ndi valve ndi pulagi. Iwo adzatseka dzenje ili. Pansi ndi denga
Denga limafuna mbali ziwiri zamakona. Mmodzi ayenera kukhala ndi mbali zowonongeka pamphepete, winayo ayenera kukhala ndi mbali yapakati yozungulira.
Pansi pake pali chimango chokhala ndi zingwe zopangidwa ndi chitsulo pakati. Zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mapulogalamu apamwamba a polyurethane. Sungani palimodzi.
Muyenera kukhala ndi mitundu 4 ya mipiringidzo. Muzitsulo zonse zomwe muyenera kuziyika pambali mkati mwa chitsulo chomwe chidzapanga mapepala. Ife timayika ndi kuvala galasi zitsulo pa iwo ndi owonjezera.
Khola la kutsogolo ndibwino kukhala ndi kutalika kwache kuti mutenge galimoto. Pambuyo poponyera mphero, sankhani mapaundi mumkati mwa makoma a pansi pamphuno. Dulani izo kuchokera ku polycarbonate. Babu lakumbuyo likulongosoledwa kuti likhale lalitali kuti liyike chipikacho mulowetsa. Kukonzekera kwa chisakanizo cha polyurethane chithovu
Zinthu izi zimapezeka ndi momwe polyol ndi polyisozonat zimachitira.
Mukatsanulira chisakanizo, m'pofunikira kuwerengera misala yonseyi. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mwa kuwerengera gawo la gawo la mng'oma: muchulukitse ndi m'lifupi, makulidwe ndi kutalika. Zotsatira zake ziyenera kuchulukitsidwa ndi coefficient of technology losses (1.15) ndi kuchuluka kwake kwa poizoni ya polyurethane (60 kg / m2).
Pa chigoba chimodzi cha mng'oma wokhala ndi masentimita 5, pafupifupi 1.5 makilogalamu a polyol ndi 1.7 kg a polyisoconate amatha.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kudzaza kusanganikirana mofulumira mkati mwa masekondi khumi pamene mwamsanga zimakhala zovuta.Kusakaniza ndi kutsanulira pali zipangizo zamapadera zomwe zimapereka ndi Kutenthetsa zosakaniza. Komabe, mungathe kuchita ndi womanga makina. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsanulira polyisozonate mu chidebe chosinthika ndipo nthawi yomweyo yambani kusakaniza ndi chosakaniza. Kenaka tsanulirani mu polyol ndikusakaniza osakaniza kwa masekondi atatu. Pambuyo pake, womaliza polyurethane thovu mwamsanga anatsanulira mu nkhungu.
Kukonzekera ndi kuponyera mu mawonekedwe
Gawo la mawonekedwe limene limakhudzana ndi kusakaniza liyenera kuperekedwa ndi yankho la sera mu mafuta.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lake lokha ndi lokhazikika.Pambuyo pokonza, tenga mawonekedwe. Zipinda zamkati zimayikidwa m'munsi mwake, ndipo mkati mwa mbaleyi ziyenera kuyika mapepala apulasitiki omwe angakhale ngati mafelemu a mafelemu. Makona akhoza kumangirizidwa ndi ulusi wandiweyani.
Sakanizani ndi kuwamanga ndi zojambula ndi zojambula zamkati. Kenaka yikani mbale zakunja ndi kuzimanga ndi mabotolo, kuyika pamwamba pa mawonekedwe ndi grooves pamakoma. Timapotoza zonsezi ndi ndodo zitsulo.
Mu mawonekedwe awa timatsanulira mapuloteni otchedwa polyurethane m'zenje, koma osati kwathunthu, monga ikuwonekera. Pambuyo poti chithovu chiyamba kusonyeza kuchokera ku dzenje, mawonekedwe ayenera kutsekedwa ndi valve.
Momwemonso timakwaniritsa mafomu a chivundikiro ndi pansi. Pambuyo kutsanulira nkhungu pa chivindikiro, tsatirani miyala yaying'ono mmenemo kuti chivindikirocho chikhale chosasunthika panthawi ya mphepo.
Chotsani
Kusakaniza kumavuta mkati mwa mphindi 30. Pambuyo pake, sambani zitsulo zomwe zimagwira zibambozo. Pogwiritsa ntchito chipika ndi nyundo timagogoda kumtunda kwa mawonekedwe.
Pambuyo pake, sungani ziboliboli pamphepete mwa mawonekedwewo, mukuzichita pang'ono ndi pang'ono, kuti musawononge kapangidwe kameneko. Kotero ife timadutsa magulu awiri pa mabotolo onse, kenako ife timachotsa zidazo. 
Mbali za mawonekedwewo amatsukidwa ndi polyurethane poizoni particles, ndipo kupitirira pamphepete mwa mulandu kungachotsedwe ndi mpeni. Pambuyo pake mapangidwe amatsukidwa ndi khungu labwino kwambiri.
Ndiye mankhwalawa akuphimbidwa ndi facade acrylic pepala kuteteza mng'oma ku ultraviolet poizoni. Kuphimba kotero sikudzakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa kutentha.
Kujambula zithunzi kumachitika mkati mwa sabata mutatha kupanga, koma osati kale kuposa maola 8.
Makonzedwe a makola
Tsopano muyenera kugwiritsira ntchito chipangizo cha njuchi kwa njuchi.
Mu njira ya America ya njuchi zosungunuka, mitundu 5 ya tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa tizilombo timapanga njuchi: amayi, abambo, oyambira, osungirako zida komanso aphunzitsi-aphunzitsi. Kwa njira iyi, muyenera kukhala ndi bedi la mafelemu 24, zowonjezera, zidutswa ziwiri zomwe zidzasunthira momasuka mumng'oma, phokoso limodzi lopanda khungu lomwe lili ndi gulu la mphira, mzere umodzi wokhala ndi gulu lolekanitsa. Komanso ankafunika chikhomo ndi mapiritsi. 
Mu kugwa kapena kasupe timathetsa banja ndi mfumukazi yabwino. Mu kugwa, iwo amadyetsedwa ndi uchi ndi perga, amachiritsidwa kwa varroatosis ndipo amatetezedwa ndi anti-haematics. M'chaka cha tizilombo timadyetsa zisa ndi perga.
Mukudziwa? Kuwombera sikukongoletsa njuchi, koma kumangotentha moto. Njuchi zimadya uchi wochuluka ndipo zimathawira kumalo ena.Zopangidwe izi zikhoza kubwerezedwa kokha ngati pali chithunzi cha mng'oma. Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingakhale bwino kwa mng'oma - mumasankha. Gwiritsani ntchito malangizo athu popanga mng'oma wabwino kwambiri.
