Spirea ndi yokongola yokongola shrub yomwe imakopa chidwi ndi mtundu wake wochititsa chidwi, maluwa obiriwira ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa chitsamba.
Wodziwika chifukwa cha kupirira kwake ndi kudzichepetsa kwa nyengo. Koma kuti mutha kudziwonetsera yekha mu ulemerero wake wonse, muyenera kudziwa zina mwachinsinsi za kubzala ndi kusamalira.
Spirey Bumald: Ndondomeko ya wosakanizidwa ya Japan
Spiraea (meadowsweet) Bomald kapena pinki molingana ndi malongosoledwe a botanical ndi a mtundu wa zokometsera zitsamba za mtundu wa pinki. Spiraeus Bumalda ndi mtundu wa Spirey, womwe uli ndi pafupifupi zana. The shrub mpaka 1 mamita ali yokongola ndi yogwirizana lilac-pinki inflorescences. Masambawa amawoneka ofiira-wobiriwira.
Spirea imamera maluwa kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa June kufika kumapeto kwa September (malingana ndi nyengo yoyendera). Mitundu ina ya hybrids imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa, kuchokera ku pinki yotumbululuka mpaka yoyera. Dzina la sayansi yapadziko lonse "spirea" linayambitsidwa ndi Karl Linnaeus mu 1753.
Mukudziwa? Chomeracho chimatchulidwa mu zochitika zotchuka kwambiri "Sadko". Limafotokoza kugwiritsa ntchito spirea kudziwa kukoka, zomwe zikusonyeza kufalikira kwakukulu kwa njira iyi yojambula mu Russia.
Spirea ya pinki imagonjetsedwa ndi nyengo yozizira yozizira, chilala, kuipitsa mpweya m'mizinda. Meadowsweet - chomera chokhazikika (kwa zaka 40), wokondedwa, wosafuna chisamaliro chokwanira. 
Spiraeus Bumald sanagawire ku Ulaya kokha. Chomera ichi chakhala chokongoletsedwa m'minda ndi masitepe ku Asia ndi North America. Kuphatikiza apo, obereketsa nthawi zonse amasonyeza mitundu yatsopano ya hybrids yomwe ili yokongola komanso yosagwira.
Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi munda wamtundu uliwonse, ndiye kuti mukufunikira kudziwa mitundu ndi mitundu yawo.
Chimene chimafuna kukonda Bumald, zomwe zimakhala zikukula
Mbewu si makamaka whimsical ku malo obzala, komabe muyenera kuzindikira zina mwachinsinsi.
Momwe mungasankhire malo oti mufike (kuyatsa)
Kukula nthambi yokongoletsera, muyenera kusankha malo abwino. Mthunzi wamthunzi kapena mthunzi sangalole kuti spirea iwonetsere makhalidwe ake onse okongoletsa. Chomera ichi chiyenera kubzalidwa kumbali ya kumwera kwa malowa, kumene kuli mitengo yochepa yomwe ingapangitse mthunzi.
Chomeracho chiyenera kulandira kuwala kwa dzuwa pafupifupi maola 7 pa tsiku.. Pomwepo inflorescences adzatha kusonyeza kukongola kwawo kwa "pinki".
Kodi nthaka iyenera kukhala yotani?
Kulima kwa Spirea kumachitika bwino pamtunda kapena tsamba la masamba. Malo abwino kwambiri a nthaka adzapanga adzakhala mchenga, peat ndi dziko lapansi - 1: 1: 2. Nthaka yosanjikiza iyenera kukhala mamita 0.4-0.5 akuya. Chiwerengero cha chiwembucho chimadalira chiwerengero cha zomera zomwe anabzala.
Meadowsweet ikhoza kukula popanda mavuto pa nthaka ina iliyonse, koma zokongoletsa zonse zikhoza kungowonongeka. Kotero, ngati mukufuna kukula Bumalda spiraeus kukongoletsera, ndiye muyenera kusintha pang'ono zofanana za nthaka m'deralo.
Zomwe zimalima spiraea Bumalda m'munda
Spiraeus Bumalda kapena pinki amafunikira bwino, ganizirani momwe mungakulire m'munda.
Momwe mungasankhire mbande Spiraea Bomald
Pa kugula kwa meadowsweet mbande muyenera kufunsa wogulitsa za kutha kwawo ndi nyengo yozizira hardiness. Chifukwa cha izi, mutha kusintha njira ya kukula kwa spirea.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati simungathe kuwabzala mwamsanga mutagula mbande, akhoza kusiya mufiriji kwa masabata awiri. Kuzizira, spireas ikhoza kupitiriza kwa nthawi yaitali.
Ambiri sakudziwa nthawi yogula ndi kudzala Spureea wa Bumald. Nthawi yabwino adzakhala pakati kapena kumapeto kwa April. Mukamagula mbande, mvetserani mizu ya mbeu. Ayenera kukhala amphamvu komanso osadwalitsidwa ndi matenda.
Kuwonjezera apo, mizu iyenera kukhala ndi mizu itatu yowirira ndi mizu yaying'ono yambirimbiri, yomwe ili ndi dongo (dothi limatchedwa phala, liyenera kukhalapo pamzuwu pamene idagulidwa).
Kukonzekera dzenje
Puloteni ya Spiraea ndi kubzala bwino ndi kusamalira nthawi yake idzasanduka chisamba chobiriwira. Ngati dothi limakonzedwa monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, mabowo obzala ayenera kukhala 30 peresenti kuposa mizu ya mbeu.
Kuzama kwa maenje kuyenera kufika 40-50 cm Ngati nthaka yomwe idabzalidwa bwino isanagwiritsidwe bwino, ndiye kuti maenje ayenera kukhala aakulu kuposa katatu. Pankhani imeneyi, maenjewa ndi odzaza mchenga, mapepala ndi nthaka yowonongeka pa chiwerengero cha 1: 1: 2.
Spirae pink shrub yomwe idabzalidwa mzere. Mzere wa mzere uyenera kukhala wa 35-45 masentimita. Mtunda wa pakati pa mbande mu mzere suyenera kupitirira 50 masentimita Ngati zomera zalimidwa mwamphamvu, ndiye kuti sangathe kukula bwino.
Onaninso zomwe zitsamba zina zimabzalidwa pa tsamba: weigela, heather, hibiscus, hydrangea, chubushnik, magnolia, lilac, camellia, viburnum, silverweed.
Chiwembu chodzala chitsamba
Spirea ili ndi maluwa okongola a pinki, omwe, posamalira bwino ndi kusamalira bwino, amasangalatsa diso kwa zaka zambiri. Kudyetsa bwino kumateteza kukongola kokongola kwa shrub.
Musanabzala pansi pa fossa muyenera kuika pang'ono humus ndi dziko lapansi. Kenaka yongani mizu yonse kuti asatope, ndikuphimba chomera ndi dziko lapansi. Khosi lazu (kuphatikiza kwa mizu ndi thunthu) liyenera kukhala pamtunda. Zimalangizidwa musanadzale bwinobwino mosamala mizu ya mmera ndikudula mizu yonse yosweka ndi yowuma. 
Ngati kubzala kwa meadowsweet kumapangidwa pamodzi ndi nthaka pamidzi, ndiye mutabzala chomeracho muyenera kuthiriridwa bwino ndi madzi ofunda. Ngati mizu yachitsulo imatha, ndiye kuti musanayambe kubzala, iyenera kusungidwa kwa tsiku limodzi mu njira yowonjezera (succinic acid, "Heteroauxin", indole acetic acid, ndi zina). Pambuyo pa tsiku, zomera zingabzalidwe m'mabowo okonzedweratu.
Mukudziwa? Mu 1839, spiraea anayamba kupanga aspirin ku mphukira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mu mphukira za zomera izi pali glycoside salicin, yomwe chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mankhwala imasandulika kukhala acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin yomweyo).
M'pofunika kukumbukira kuti spiraea ya Bomald silingalekerere kutentha kwa nthaka, chifukwa chake maluwa ake sangafike mu nyengo yanthawi zonse. Kumalo komwe kuli madzi ambiri pansi pano, zomera zimatha kufa. Choncho, ngati mwasankha kubzala duwa pamalo otere, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kudziwa chinyengo chimodzi.
Khola lodzala likufunika kukumba 15-20 cm. Choyamba perekani miyala kapena miyala mmenemo, ndikuwazapo ndi wosanjikiza wa dziko lapansi, ndipo pokhapokha mutenge chomera. Pachifukwa ichi, madzi apansi sangathe kusefukira mizu ya mbewu. 
Spirey Bumald: chisamaliro
Kuti mvula ikhale yabwino kwambiri komanso yokondwera ndi maluwa chaka ndi chaka, pamafunika chisamaliro chapadera: kuthirira, mulching, feteleza, kudulira, ndi zina zotero.
Momwe mungamwetse shrub yokongola
Mukasamalira Bumalda spiraea, chinyezi cha nthaka chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala. Chitsambachi sichimalekerera ngati nthaka youma, ndipo imakhala yonyowa kwambiri.
Mu masabata awiri oyambirira mutabzala, Mvula iyenera kuthiriridwa tsiku ndi tsiku (madzulo kapena m'mawa). Izi zidzathandiza mizu kuti ikhale yolimba. M'tsogolomu, muyenera kuyang'anira chinyezi. Mu nyengo zowuma kwambiri za chilimwe, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa masiku onse 4-5. 
Ngati nthaka yozungulira shrub imadulidwa ndi nkhono (zipolopolo zochokera ku mbewu, buckwheat kapena mtedza), zidzasunga nthawi yaitali, ndipo nthawi zambiri kuthirira nyengo yotentha imachepetsedwa nthawi 1.5-2.
Muyeneranso kukumbukira kuti ndi kuthirira mobwerezabwereza pamsampha, namsongole amayamba kukula, omwe ayenera kumera nthawi ndi nthawi. Kutsegula kwa nthaka kumachitika mnthawi yoyamba yotentha mvula itatha. Pambuyo potsegula maluwawa akhoza kukhala madzi pang'ono.
Chomera chomera ndi feteleza
Maluwa obiriwira a meadowsweet amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iyi ya feteleza: phosphorus, nayitrogeni, potashi, ndi zina zotero. 
Sungani nthaka kudutsa chitsamba m'njira ziwiri.: pamodzi ndi kuthirira kapena kumasula. Zinthu zonse zofunika kwambiri zikhoza kuperekedwa ku mizu ya meadowsweet pamodzi ndi madzi.
Feteleza ayenera kuchepetsedwa malinga ndi malangizo ndi kutulutsa kuthirira, makamaka kumayambiriro kwa masika. N'zotheka kuti manyowa athetse nthaka.
Kawirikawiri humus adzakhala yabwino stimulator kukula ndi maluwa. Amatha kungoyendetsedwa, ndipo pakagwa mvula zinthu zonse zofunika kwambiri zidzalowa m'nthaka ndi madzi. Mu nthawi ya chilala ndi kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira, shrub iyenera kudyetsedwa ndi superphosphate, mwachitsanzo, kemira ngolo. 
Wothandizira granular amadzipukutira m'madzi ndipo amamwetsa chomera molingana ndi malangizo.
Zomwe zimakongoletsa spirea
Spiraea bomald imadulidwa mu kasupe, koma ikhozanso kudulidwa mu chilimwe pamene imamasula. Wamasamba nthawi zambiri amasankha mawonekedwe a tsitsi. Krona imapangidwa mwakuya kapena pyramidal, malingana ndi kalembedwe ka munda kapena mtunda. Kudulira kulikonse sikusokoneza kukula kwa chitukuko cha shrub.
Monga lamulo, zakale (10-14), nthambi zofooka ndi zouma zimachotsedwa. Ena a iwo amafunika kudulidwa kuti adye, malingana ndi mtundu wanji wa korona womwe mungachite. Ndi bwino kutchera msipu mpaka masamba atuluke. Panthawi ino, mukhoza kupanga molondola mtundu wina wa korona.
Ndikofunikira! Kudulira mu chilimwe kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti shrub ikhoza kubzala pachigwa. Njira zoterezi zimachitika kumadera akummwera a dziko lathu, komwe masiku otentha amatha mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi wa October.
Chikhalidwe chachikulu cha kudulira: Zitsamba zoposa zaka zinayi ziyenera kupangidwa pa kutalika kwa 25-30 masentimita, ndipo nthambi ndi mphukira zimachepetsedwa kuti zikhale ndi masamba amphamvu.
Kubereka kwa Spiraea Bomald ndi cuttings ndi layering
Kufalikira kwa udzu kuyenera kukhala kumayambiriro kwa masika. Kuti tichite zimenezi, m'pofunikira kupanga malo ochepa omwe mphukira ziyenera kuponyedwa pansi ndikuphatikizidwa ndi mafoloko aang'ono. Mphukira yonse yophimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi, ndipo mapeto ake akudulidwa.
M'nyengo yozizira, zigawozo zili ndi masamba ogwa kapena udzu wouma kale. Chaka chotsatira, patsiku lotsatira, mphukira imayamba mizu, kotero imatha kudula ndikubzala pamalo osatha.
M'masewera ambiri a intaneti, oyamba amaluwa amadzifunsa momwe angakulire spirea ku cuttings. Kufalitsa mwa njira iyi ndi imodzi mwa zovuta komanso zofikira kwambiri kwa aliyense wosamalira munda.
Kawirikawiri, a cuttings ayamba kukolola pambuyo mapeto a kukula kwakukulu kwa mphukira (kuyambira kapena pakati pa June). Mphukira zowonongeka kale zimabzalidwa m'mitsuko kapena miphika yapadera, yomwe ili ndi mchenga ndi mchenga.
Kwa kukula koyenera ndi koyenera, cuttings amafunikira 4-5 pa tsiku (patsiku). Zidzakhala bwino ngati mutakhala ndi mpangidwe wopanga fumbi lopangira.
Mukudziwa? Ku Russia, ndodo zolimba za spirea zinagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chikwapu ndi ramrod.
Nthaŵi zambiri, meadowsweet amapereka chiŵerengero chochuluka cha kupulumuka (kuyambira 50 mpaka 70%). Ngati, musanabzala, cuttings akugwiritsidwa ntchito muzu wa stimulator, ndiye kuti chiwerengero ichi chitha kuwonjezeka (90-100%). Pambuyo pa rooting cuttings iwo amasamutsidwa ku mabedi apadera olerera kapena kubzala masika wotsatira pa malo osatha a kukula.
Kukaniza matenda ndi tizirombo
Spirey Bumald mutatha kubzala bwino kumafuna chisamaliro chapadera (izi zikugwiranso ntchito popewera matenda osiyanasiyana). Wosakaniza wa Spiraea Bumald sagwidwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo nthawi zambiri, komabe nthawi zina zimachitika. 
Choopsa chachikulu cha shrub iyi ndi kangaude. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe ake pa masamba oyera paniculate mawanga amapangidwa. M'tsogolomu, masamba amawoneka ndi chikasu, kenako amauma ndi kugwa. Makamaka izi tizilombo zimakhudza meadowsweet panthawi yozizira m'nyengo yozizira.
Arex (2%), Keltan, Metaphos kapena Phosphamide amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi nthata za kangaude. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala onse omwe asankhidwa malinga ndi malangizo ogwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zingakhale zothandiza kuti mudziwe yemwe kangaude wamagulu ndi momwe mungamenyere.
Aphid, yomwe imadyetsa madzi a mphukira ndi masamba, imatengedwa ngati tizilombo tina. Polimbana nalo, gwiritsani ntchito "Kronefos", "Pirimor" kapena "Fozalon". Nthawi zina mvula imakhudza whitefly. Kuti muchotse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tigwiritseni ntchito "Decis Pro" kapena "Fitoverm".
Ndikofunikira! Nthawi zina, ngakhale kawirikawiri, nkhono za mvula zimatha kugwa. Pofuna kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa "Fitoverm".
Kuwonjezera pa tizirombo tizilombo, zitsamba zingayambitse matenda a fungal: imvi nkhungu ndi mawanga osiyanasiyana. Pofuna kulimbana ndi bowa, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: Fitosporin-M, Bordeaux madzi, Readzol, colloidal sulfure ndi ena.
Kuwopsa kwa tizilombo toonongeka ndi kusamalidwa bwino kwa mbeuyo kumathandiza kuti abusa awonetsere makhalidwe awo okongoletsera.
