Tinker, Irish kapena Gypsy Kob, Gypsy Harness, Irish Worker, Local Pinto - zonsezi ndizo mtundu womwewo wa kavalo wokongola kwambiri komanso wokongola, umene ulipo zaka makumi awiri zokhalapo zokhazokha padziko lonse lapansi.
Chiyambi cha kubala
Monga momwe mungaganizire kuchokera m'maina apamwamba a mtunduwu, ndi wosakanizidwa wa akavalo a Irish ndi Gypsy.
Aromani, akatswiri okwera pamahatchi, anayamba kulowa m'dziko la Britain masiku mazana asanu ndi limodzi apitawo. Zikuoneka kuti, kubadwa kwa mtundu watsopanowu, womwe unayambitsa magazi a ma racers akumeneko ndipo unayambitsa majini a akavalo a gypsy, unayamba kuyambira nthawi zomwezo.
Mukudziwa? Mawu "tinker" Kutanthauzidwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi kumatanthauza "wonyenga", "tinker." Calderara akhala akugwira nawo ntchitoyi kwa zaka mazana ambiri. - Chigawenga chofala kwambiri cha Aromani chinachokera ku Ulaya, makamaka ku England, kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800. Nomads anayesa kupeza ntchito m'mayiko akunja, pamene akusunga chinenero ndi miyambo ya anthu awo. Kotero, mawu akuti "tinker" m'maganizo a British kudutsa nthawi adagwirizanitsidwa ndi mawu akuti "Gypsy". Izi zikufotokozera chiyambi cha dzina la mtundu wa mahatchi ofanana. Komabe, Aromani amadzitcha mahatchi awa osati "Tinker", koma "Kob" (m'Chingelezi, mawu "mphuno" gwiritsani ntchito mahatchi aliwonse omwe ali otalika mamita imodzi ndi theka).
Za akavalo a gypsy ayenera kunenedwa mosiyana. Ndi chikondi chawo chonse cha mahatchi, anthu osayendayenda osatha sangathe kupereka chithandizo chabwino kwa abwenzi awo anayi, kudya zakudya zabwino, kapena makamaka, chisamaliro chapamwamba cha zinyama.Ngakhale kachitidwe kachitidwe kotere ka kavalo wokhala pamtunda ngati kavalo pamsasa wa msasa kungakhale kosavuta kupeza. Pankhaniyi, mahatchi amafunika kukoka mabititsu odzaza ndi anthu ndi katundu tsiku lonse, kudyetsa m "malo enieni a msipu.
Onaninso za mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya mbuzi, nkhosa, ng'ombe ndi nkhumba.Ndipo ngati pangakhale vuto lililonse ndi kavalo, achiroma omwe anali ankhanza nthawi yomweyo anamuchotsa nthawi zonse - anagulitsa ndalama zoposa mtengo woyamba, osayiwala kujambula zofunikira zisanayambe zamoyo.
Komabe, zowawa zoterezi zinapereka ntchito yabwino yopanga tsogolo labwino: Mahatchi a Gypsy ndiwodabwitsa chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo, kudzichepetsa, thanzi labwino komanso chitetezo champhamvu (ngati simungapulumutse).
Kuchokera pambali ya maonekedwe a majini, kusakaniza kosasuntha kwa akavalo a gypsy ndi mitundu yambiri yomwe ingakumane nayo nthawi yaitali komanso yolakwika imathandizanso. 
Thanzi labwino komanso labwino la ma genetic siliwoneka loipa, chifukwa chake ngakhale kuti mahatchi a gypsy sali okwera mtengo kwambiri, amayang'ana kwambiri kuposa okongola.
Chifukwa cha moyo wa Aromani komanso kusowa kwachinthu chilichonse chodziwitsira ntchito, makamaka kukonzekera malemba, palibe chidziwitso choyera cha chiyambi cha mtundu wosakanizidwa ndi mtundu umene unagwira nawo ntchito.
Ndizodziwikiratu zokha kuti poyeretsa magazi a akavalo okongola a British monga felp, shire, mapiri, cledesdal, ndowe ya welsh komanso ngakhale ma pony maluwa akuyenda. Izi ndizo chifukwa cha chisokonezo chotchulidwa poyesa kuti Irish Cob silingalandire udindo wachibadwidwe kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kotero, ngakhale kuti pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, mtundu wonsewo unakhazikitsidwa mwakhama ndipo unadzakhala ndi dongosolo linalake (iwo anayamba kupanga mahatchi mwadongosolo ndi mwadongosolo), adatha kulandira malamulo okha mu 1996, pomwe zochitika ziwiri zazikulu zinachitika nthawi yomweyo:
kholo lachibadwidwe la anawo linalembedwa - stallion Cushti Bok (mwa njira, mtunduwo unapatsidwa dzina lakuti "Gypsy zotayidwa ndi kavalo", mayina ena onse ndi achiwiri ndi osadziwika), komanso adalemba bungwe lomwe limalembetsa mtunduwo - Irish Cob Society, ICS. 
Masiku ano, bungwe la Irish Cob Association silingagwiritsidwe ntchito mosankhidwa, ntchito yake ndi mapepala othandizira kutumiza kwa ana aang'ono ku United States ndi mayiko a ku Ulaya.
Pakali pano, pali mabuku amitundu yambirimbiri, koma ku United States of America kuli ochuluka kuposa atatu. M'dziko lino, Gypsy sledges amakonda kwambiri, Achimereka makamaka ngati chikhalidwe chawo ndi mtundu wake, komanso chisomo chawo, chodabwitsa kwambiri.
Makhalidwe ndi kufotokoza za mtundu
Mahatchi amaoneka ngati antchito, koma ndi okongola kwambiri.
Kutalika ndi kulemera
Zofunikira zowonjezera sizimayika ndondomeko ya mtundu, makamaka, monga mapiko onse, tinkers ali ofanana, kusintha kwalo kumaloledwa mkati mwa 1.35-1.6 mamita. Kukula kotereku kumapangitsa kuti magulu atatu adziwike pakati pa mtundu (mtunduwu ukuvomerezedwa mu Achimereka): akavalo okhala ndi kutalika kwa 1.43 mpaka 1.55 amalingaliridwa mwachidule, pansi pa malire awa amadziwika ndi choyambirira "mini", ndi zoposa izo_chiyambi "wamkulu."
Ndikofunikira! "Gipsy" - mu Chingerezi amatanthauza "Gypsy", kotero ngati mumva kuchokera ku America akulankhula za akavalo, mawu akuti "mini-jeep", zikutanthauza kuti tikulankhula za kutalika kwa gypsy sledding pansi pa 1.35 mamita pakutha.Mpikisano waukulu kwambiri umakhudzana ndi kulemera kwa kavalo wamkulu. Ikhoza kukhala kuchokera pa matani 0,2 mpaka 0.7.
Kunja
Thupi la cob Irish ndilo lalikulu, lolimba ndi lonse, ndi minofu yooneka bwino, ndikuwombera mwapang'onopang'ono.
Pamutu wokhotakhota wokongola kwambiri, wokhala bwino, mutu wokhutira ndi makutu aatali ndi bwino. Mbali yapadera ndi mbiri ya humpback ndi ndevu yaying'ono pansi pa nsagwada. Akufota pansi.
Gypsy sledding ingadziwikenso ndi zowonongeka kwambiri komanso zamtundu wautali, zomwe zimatchulidwa ndi mane ndi mchira. Komanso, ngakhale miyendo ya tinker yophimbidwa ndi wakuda nap.
Mukudziwa? Tsitsi lochepa pamunsi mwa mahatchi ankatchedwa "friezes" chifukwa cha mtundu wa mahatchi omwe ali ndi dzina lomwelo, loweta ku Holland, lomwe limadziwika ndi mbali iyi ya kunja. Mutu woterewu umangosangalatsa zokha, komanso umagwira ntchito. - Pakati pa nyengo yoipa imateteza mapazi a nyama kukazizira.
Miyendo ndi yamphamvu ndi yamphamvu, nkhumbazo ndi zazikulu (kunyalanyaza kwapadera kwa Gypsies kufunika kogubuza mahatchi awo kumakhudza). Mzere wamtunduwu umalola kuti miyendo yansana ya mtundu wa X ikhale ngati maukwati, omwe amawoneka ngati ukwati wa mahatchi ena, koma amawoneka kuti ndi ozolowereka pamitundu yoyamba.Mtundu
Mitengo ya tinkers imadziwika kwambiri ndi mtundu wa piebald (mawanga oyera amabalalika pamdima waukulu).
Mukudziwa? Sutu imeneyi ili ndi mizu yakale yofotokozedwa bwino. Zoona zake n'zakuti mahatchi a pinto anali otsika kwambiri ku Ulaya chifukwa chofanana ndi mtundu wawo ndi ng'ombe. Kukhala ndi kavalo woteroyo kunali kofunika kwambiri moti ngakhale nthawi zonse osowa magulu ankhondo sanatenge "utumiki" wa akavalo ali ndi mtundu womwewo. Chifukwa chake, kavalo wa piebald unayamba kuonedwa ngati wotsika, ndipo ukhoza kugulidwa kwa ndalama chabe, yomwe Aromani, amene adatsutsidwa, sakanatha kugwiritsa ntchito. Amati mahatchi a mtundu uwu ankakonda a Roma osati mtengo wotsika, koma amathandizanso, chifukwa nyamayi imatha kusiyanitsa pakati pa ena ndi malo a mawanga, ndipo, motero, pamakhala chiopsezo chochepa kuti chidzabedwa. Komabe, nkokayikitsa kuti maganizo amenewa adaganiziridwa ndi Aromani, chifukwa mwambowu umaletsa Aromani kuti aziba.Komabe, pinto ndi chinthu chofala. Masiku ano, pakati pa Tinkers, pali mitundu itatu yaikulu ya izi: Overro, Tobiano, ndi Tovero.
Pewani (nthawi zina amatchedwa calico) - malo oyera omwe amabalalika amagawanika thupi lonse, komabe, monga lamulo, salowerera mzere wovomerezeka womwe umachokera kumbuyo kwa kavalo kuchoka ku mchira. Miyendo imodzi (nthawi zina zonse) imakhala mdima, ndipo palibe "kusiyana" pamchira. 
Chojambulajambula tobiano Kawirikawiri amatanthauza miyendo yoyera (mbali ya kumunsi) ndi mbali zamdima (chimodzi kapena zonse), kuwonjezera apo, mdima wamdima wokhazikika kapena wozungulira umaphimba mbali yakutsogolo ya thupi kuchokera khosi kupita pachifuwa ndi chingwe cholinganizika. 
Mitundu yonse ija imakhala mchira, mutu umakhala wamdima, koma pakhoza kukhala zolemba zoyera, mwachitsanzo, "nyenyezi" pamphumi, "malo a mphala" kapena malo owala pamphuno).
Tovero - suti yomwe imagwirizanitsa mitundu iwiri yomwe tatchula pamwambapa. Monga lamulo, zimachitika poyenda mahatchi a mikwingwirima yosiyana, pamene palibe chizindikiro chilichonse cha makolo chimene chimakhudza mtundu wa anawo. 
Mu khungu la gypsy, khungu lenilenilo silimangotengedwa kokha, komanso khungu lenileni: ndi imvi pansi pa mdima ndi pinki yotumbululuka pansi pamdima.
Piebald - chachikulu, koma osati mtundu wokha wa gypsy sledding. Mahatchiwa amakhalanso akuda ndi mawanga oyera, kutsogolo (zochepa zosiyana ndi maonekedwe a mthunzi padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikizapo miyendo) ndi kutentha (tsitsi loyera nthawi zonse pamtundu wa mtundu wina uliwonse). 
Makhalidwe ndi kukwiya
Mbali yaikulu ya chikhalidwe cha Irish Kobov - chikhazikitso cha Olimpiki ndi chisomo chenichenicho. Akatswiri othamanga okwera pamahatchi amaoneka ngati akugona komanso othawa.
Komabe, mbali imeneyi ndi chizindikiro cha mtunduwu ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimatchulidwira, zomwe tidzanena.
Zosiyana
Mbiri yovuta komanso yovuta kwambiri ya mtunduwu yatulukira mbali zazikulu za gypsy sled. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimaimira mahatchiwa ndi kupirira ndi kudzichepetsa komwe kunayambitsidwa chifukwa cha zaka zambiri zakusankha.
Kuthamanga pa akavalo otere ndi kosalala, kolimba ndi kofewa, kuwonjezera apo, amadumpha bwino, mosavuta ndi mopanda mantha kuthana ndi zopinga zosiyanasiyana.
Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, ziphuphu ndizomwe zimakhala, osathamanga, mahatchi amathamanga mwamsanga chifukwa chokwera msanga, chifukwa m'mikhalidwe yotere makolo awo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono. 
Komabe, thanzi labwino ndi chikhalidwe chokhazikika chimapangitsa kuti aphunzitse bwino akavalo oterowo ndi kuwaphunzitsa kuti apange maulendo aatali ndi mofulumira, koma, komano, palibe chifukwa chochuluka mu izi, chifukwa mtunduwo sunalengedwe pazinthu izi.
Koma kuti muyang'ane gypsy sledding, kuyenda mokoma, kulemekezeka ndi kuthamanga kwambiri - chisangalalo!
Ntchito yobereka
Mwa malingaliro awo omwe, Tinkers ndi akavalo onse. Ntchito yawo yaikulu, ndithudi, imagwirizanitsidwa ndi anthu ogwira ntchito komanso ogwira ntchito, koma kobas ndi oyenera kukwera.
Komanso, kwa munthu wosadziwa zambiri amene amangochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, tinker ndi yabwino koposa. Ngakhale mwana akhoza kuikidwa mosavuta pa kavalo woteroyo, mopanda mantha kuti adzadzidzidzimuka mwadzidzidzi.
Ndikofunikira! Mankhwalawa ndi abwino kwa hippotherapy - "chithandizo cha mahatchi", chomwe chikukhala chikufala kwambiri, makamaka njira iyi ikuwonetsedwa kwa ana omwe ali ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana, komanso anthu omwe akudwala matenda osiyanasiyana. Amathandiza mwangwiro mtundu uwu wolankhulana ndi akavalo ndi autists.
Palinso njira zina zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mtunduwu womwe umagwirizanitsa ndi kupsa mtima kwake kodabwitsa. Mankhwalawa amapatsa anamwino komanso aphunzitsi abwino kwa ana aang'ono kuti azisangalala kwambiri.Kuphatikiza pa "zotsatira zabwino" zomwe "zowonjezera" zoterezi zimakhala ndi ana oopsa, mazira a Irish cobs akhoza kudzitamandira mkaka wambiri, womwe ndi mwayi wapadera.
Kuphatikiza apo, maulendo a Gypsy nthawi zambiri amatsatiridwa pafupipafupi kuti atsimikizidwe ndi chithandizo chawo chopanda malire komanso otentha achiarabu kapena achizungu. Kawirikawiri kanyumba kameneka kankaperekera mabokosi oyambirira a anthu ochita mpikisano.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuwerenga za mitundu yoweta ya ng'ombe: "Kalmyk", "Shorthorn", "Aberdeen-Angus", "Simmental", "Kholmogorskaya", "Kakhakhskaya", "Highland".
Avereji mtengo
Masiku ano, tinkers akufala kwambiri, makamaka ku United States. Ndiko komwe mahatchi awa amawerengera kufunikira kwachangu, ngakhale kuti mtunduwo si wotsika mtengo.
Mbewu yabwino yoswana mbeu idzakhala madola zikwi khumi ndi makumi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi zisanu, pomwe ndalama zabwino kwambiri zimatha kupeza ndalama zokwana chikwi "zobiriwira" ngakhale zotsika mtengo. 
Ku Ulaya, pamasitolo a kavalo, mtengo wa tinkers umafika pa 6-9,000 euro, pafupifupi mitengo yomweyo ndi yofunikira ku Russia.
Kawirikawiri, ngati mukufuna kuphunzira kukwera kapena kukhala ndi bata, wolimba komanso wokondeka kavalo "nthawi zonse", ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo ali okonzeka kulipira nyama ngati "ndalama zokwanira", kob ya Irish ndiyo njira yabwino.
