Kodi nthaka iyenera kukhala yotani ndi kukula ma orchid?

Anthu omwe amayamba kukumana ndi orchids samatha kumvetsa momwe angaperekere popanda malo ndipo nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa kugula dothi labwino.

Koma mizu ya chomera ichi imafuna kupeza ufulu kwaulere kumlengalenga, mwinamwake idzafa. Kotero, musanabweretse mfumukazi yazitentha kunyumba kwanu, muyenera kumusanthula mosamala "kukoma kwake".

Zamkatimu:

• Zowonjezeka kwambiri za gawo lapansi la kukula kwa orchids
• Momwe mungapangire mapulogalamu a orchid, zosankha zokonzedwa bwino
• Malamulo okhudza nthaka yosankhidwa

Kodi nthaka ya ma orchid iyenera kukhala yotani, zomwe zimayenera ku gawo lapansi?

Zomera zomwe zimakhala ndi zomera zina zimatchedwa epiphytes mu botani. Mitengo iyi imaphatikizapo phalaenopsis orchids, yomwe imapezeka nthawi zambiri m'masitolo athu ndi nyumba zathu.

Kuti chomera chikondweretse diso ndi maluwa ake, m'pofunika kudziwa momwe zimakhalira mu chilengedwe. Izi zidzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa mtundu wa nthaka yomwe ikufunikira phalaenopsis orchids.

Mukudziwa? M'chilengedwe, pali mitundu pafupifupi 40,000 ya orchids. Maluwa ochepa kwambiri ali ndi mamita osachepera 1 mm, ndipo aakulu kwambiri - ali ndi mamita 90 cm.

Pansi pa chilengedwe, zokongolazi sizikula pansi, koma pa mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo, komwe zimatenga zakudya zofunikira pamoyo, ndipo zimapereka mvula kwa iwo.

Ichi ndi chifukwa chake ali ndi mizu yodabwitsa komanso yosavuta komanso malo ovomerezeka a orchids si abwino. Phalaenopsis amatenga zakudya zambiri kuchokera ku gawo lapansi pa nthawi ya maluwa ndipo ayenera kusintha nthawi zonse zaka 2-3.

Mbande ya orchids iyenera kukhala yathanzi mokwanira, yotayirira komanso madzi akuyenda bwino. Dothi lokongola liri lopangidwa bwino, limauma masiku atatu ndipo liyenera kukhala ndi zigawo zokwanira zowonjezera madzi.

N'zosangalatsa kuphunzira za mtundu wotchuka wa orchid: dendrobium, miltonia, cymbidium.

Zowonjezeka kwambiri za gawo lapansi la kukula kwa orchids

N'zotheka kusiyanitsa zigawo zikuluzikulu ndizing'ono za substrate za phalaenopsis orchids.

Zazikuluzi zikuphatikizapo:

• makungwa a mitengo - akhoza kukhala pine, oak, birch;
• moss - makamaka sphagnum;
• makala;
• mizu ya fern.

Popeza ma orchids amakula pamtengo, makungwa kwa iwo, gawo lopambana kwambiri. Kuchokera pamenepo amapeza chakudya chofunikira, choncho ndikofunikira kusankha choyenera.

Mukhoza, ndithudi, kugula makungwa okonzeka kale mu sitolo yapadera. Koma kuti asunge makungwa a orchids akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa ndi kugula ndi manja awo. Makungwa a pine kapena oak amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Gulu la pine ndi losavuta kukonzekera, ndikwanira kupita ku nkhalango ya pine ndikusankha mtengo wogwa wathanzi. Ndikofunika kufufuza mosamala zinthu - ziyenera kukhala zouma, osati zovunda komanso zopanda zizindikiro za tizirombo.

Makungwa ayenera kuchotsedwa mosavuta ndi manja kuchokera pa thunthu. Ndi khungwa la thundu ndilovuta kwambiri, koma limapindulitsa kwambiri mmera - liri ndi zakudya zambiri.

Ndikofunikira! Makungwa sangathe kutengedwa kuchokera ku mtengo wochuluka, kokha kuchokera ku chithunzi chogwa chakugwa kapena chokongola, osati chitsa chovunda.

Moss ankafunika kusunga chinyezi komanso ngati feteleza. Amakhalanso ndi mphamvu zowonjezera mchere woopsa komanso amakhala ndi bakiteriyo. Kusonkhanitsa ntchito yake ndi kovuta, chifukwa kumakula mumapiri a m'nkhalango, kumene mungathe kugwa mosavuta, choncho ndi kosavuta kugula thumba m'sitolo. Makala chofunika mu gawo lapansi kuti musinthe madzi, komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Koma muyenera kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa m'kupita kwa nthawi imakhala mchere, ndipo izi ndizoopsa kwa mbewu. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzisonkhanitsa zokhazokha, popeza sizidziwika kuti zina zotenthedwapo kuphatikizapo zipika. Ndi bwino kuwotcha moto kuchokera ku nkhuni za birch ndikutsitsa malasha kuchokera kumeneko. Mzu wa Fern Lili ndi mawonekedwe apaderadera, omwe ali ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zimafunikira kuti azitsamba zikhale.

Monga zowonjezerapo zigawo za kukonzekera kwa nthaka zingagwiritsidwe ntchito: pine mbega, peat, dziko lapansi, mtedza kapena kokonati zipolopolo, kuwonjezera dothi kapena chithovu. Nkhumba zapine zimagawidwa mu mamba ndipo zimaphatikizidwa pamodzi ndi makungwa. Dothi kapena chithovu chowonjezera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kutseka kuti tipewe chinyezi chokhazikika. Malo okongola a orchids ndi bwino kutenga kumene amadzaza ndi singano kapena masamba, ndipo muzochepa kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira! Musanayambe kusamba phalaenopsis ayenera kuthiriridwa kuti asawononge mizu atachotsedwa mu mphika. Mizu iyenera kutsukidwa m'madzi ofunda, kuchotseratu, motero, kuchokera kumtunda wa nthaka yakale.

Momwe mungapangire mapulogalamu a orchid, zosankha zokonzedwa bwino

Pambuyo pophunzira mosamalitsa zofunikira za nthaka zomwe zimapangidwa ndi orchids komanso pokonzekera zonsezi, mukhoza kukonzekera. Zosiyanasiyana za nthaka zosakaniza zingakhale zosiyana.

Ngati pali mitundu ingapo m'nyumba, mukhoza kuyesa ndikupanga kusakaniza kwanu kwa aliyense. Izi zidzakuthandizani kudziwa momwe mungakhalire. Zomwe zimakonda nthaka ya kukongola kwamchere zimatha kumvetsetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa maluwa ndi chiwerengero cha maluwa - makamaka, nthaka yabwino. Nthaka ya orchid panyumba imakonzedwa mwamsanga musanabzala. Nsomba ndi nthambi zimachotsedwa pansi, malasha akuphwanyidwa kukhala zidutswa zing'onozing'ono, makungwawo amathyoledwa mu chips ndi madzi otentha amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Moss ayenera kuthiridwa m'madzi kwa maola 24, ndipo zidutswa za mizu ya fern kukonzekera kusamba kuti tithetse tizilombo. Mtsinje uliwonse umayikidwa pansi.

Sizingangowonjezeredwa dothi kapena polyfoam, komanso inathyoledwa njerwa, yaying'ono yophwanyidwa mwala, phokoso. Kenaka mungayambe kukonzekera nthaka ya orchids, mutaganizira za kupanga kupanga manja anu. Nazi zina zomwe mungasankhe:

1. Chilengedwe chonse ndi chisakanizo cha gawo limodzi lamakala ndi magawo asanu a makungwa a mtengo kapena pini, chifukwa ndi oyenera miphika ya maluwa, ndi malo obiriwira. Njirayi imapereka mpweya wabwino ndipo sumaunjikira chinyezi.
2. Mapangidwe omwe ali oyenerera kwa orchids akukula mu matabwa, miphika kapena madengu: gawo limodzi la malasha lophatikizidwa ndi magawo awiri osweka a sphagnum ndi magawo asanu a nkhuni za nkhuni.
3. Mankhwala a orchids omwe amafunikira kudyetsa koonjezera adzakhala angwiro kwa osakaniza a peat, makala ndi pine makungwa a chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 1. Ikuonjezeranso magawo atatu a nthaka yovuta.

Mukudziwa? Orchid - imodzi mwa zomera zochepa zomwe sizimayambitsa matenda.

Malamulo okhudza nthaka yosankhidwa

Ngati mulibe nthawi kapena mphamvu yosonkhanitsa zigawozo ndikukonzekera dothi lanu la mbeu yanu, mukhoza kugula osakaniza m'sitolo. Masiku ano kusankha kwakukulu kumaperekedwa, koma, mwatsoka, sizinthu zonse zopangidwa.

Choncho, pamene mugula nthaka yokonzekera muyenera kumvetsera zina. Chinthu chachikulu ndichokuti zidutswa za makungwawo ziyenera kukhala zangwiro, mpaka masentimita atatu, ndipo sichidapunthwa konse.

Ngati nthaka ikuwoneka ngati mtanda wa dziko lapansi, ndiye kuti sichiyeneranso, chifukwa idzaphatikiza chinyezi ndipo sichilola mpweya kudutsa, ndipo izi zidzasochera mizu. Monga gawo la nthaka yodulidwa sayenera kukhala nthaka, zidutswa zokha za malasha, makungwa a mtengo, mizu ya fern, mwina perlite ndi kokonati. Pa phukusi liyenera kusonyeza kuti dothi ili ndi epiphytes.

Kukula zomera zozizwitsa zotenthazi ndi ntchito yopweteka komanso yovuta. Koma ngati mukumvetsera mlanduwu mwachikondi, ma orchids adzakuthokozani ndi maluwa apadera omwe adzasangalatse diso chaka chonse.