Gladiolus ndi imodzi mwa maluwa okongola kwambiri ndipo ndi imodzi mwa zomera zisanu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pocheka. Ndi mtundu wa zomera za bulbous za banja la iris. Lili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 200 ndi mitundu yoposa 5,000. Maluwa ochokera ku Africa, Mediterranean, Central Europe ndi Asia. Momwe mungamerekere gladiolus m'chaka cha latitudes, tidzakambirana momveka bwino pansipa.
Kusankha kwa corms
Ngakhale kuti gladioli ingabzalidwe m'njira zitatu: mbewu, tubers ndi tubers, Ndi njira yotsiriza yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri. Kukula kubzala maluwa kumadalira yolondola kusankha tubers.
Dahlias, irises, crocus, autumn crocus, liatris, yucca, selaginella, munda wa hibiscus, komanso gladioli, ndi zomera za bulbotonic zomwe zimakongoletsa kwambiri.
Poyamba, babu onse ayenera kufufuzidwa mosamala ndi kusamalira udzu, odwala, ovunda, ndi nkhungu, ndi mawanga okayikira. Samalani kukula kwa babu ndi pansi pake. Ngati ndizochepa kwambiri, zikutanthauza kuti thumba silinabereke.
Babu ayenera kukhala osachepera 5-7 masentimita mu kukula kwake.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lake gladiolus analandira kuchokera ku liwu lachilatini la gladius, limene limamasulira ngati lupanga. Mwinamwake, ndi momwe maluwawo amatchulidwira, chifukwa ali ndi masamba omwe amafanana ndi lupanga. Kwa anthu amakhalanso otchedwa "spike".
Nthawi yabwino yobzala pamalo otseguka
Nthaŵi yabwino yobzala gladioli m'chaka cha nthaka yotseguka idzakhala nthawi kuyambira kumapeto kwa April mpaka kumayambiriro kwa May. Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti dothi limawomba 8-10 masentimita mozama mpaka osachepera +8 ° C. Malangizowa ayenera kuwonedwa, popeza kuti kubzala kwa mababu kumalo otsika kumapangitsa kuti chitukuko cha mizu chichitike pang'onopang'ono, ndipo sichidzatha kupereka chakudya choyenera pansi pamtunda. 
Kodi ndiyenera kumera mababu ndi momwe ndingachitire
Kulima mababu asanabzala - njira yofunira, koma osati kuvomerezedwa. Zomera zamasamba zimadziwika ndi kukula mofulumira komanso bwino maluwa.
Nthaŵi yolima corms imadalira nyengo yomwe ikupezeka m'deralo kumene iwo abzalidwa. Kotero, pakati pa njirayi ikhoza kuchitika kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March.
Mababu amaikidwa pamalo otentha kumene dzuwa sililowa.
Masiku awiri musanadzalemo, tubers ayenera kuwonongeka pa nsalu yonyowa pokonza. Izi zidzalola kuti mababu akhale pansi, omwe kale ali ndi mizu yaing'ono. 
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito gladioli
Panthawi imeneyi, tikufuna kukugawanirani momwe mungamerekere gladioli kumapeto kwa nyengo, kukudziwiritsani malamulo, ndondomeko ndi malangizo.
Kuwonjezera pa kukonzekera mababu ndikuwona nthawi yovomerezeka yobzala, zinthu zofunika kuziganizira musanadzalemo gladioli ndi:
- kusankha malo malinga ndi zokonda za zomera kuti ziunikire;
- Kukonzekera dothi kubzala.
Popeza gladiolus imachokera ku Africa yotentha ndi kutentha kwa Mediterranean, iwo kuwala ndi chikondi. Choncho, pofunafuna malo oti mubzalidwe, muyenera kusankha malo owala bwino, omwe sakhala mthunzi wa mitengo ndi miyambo yambiri yaatali.
Astra, buzulnik, veronika, gaillardia, coreopsis, delphinium, yarrow, carnation, yooneka ngati phlox, spruce ndi thyme, komanso gladiolus, ndi zomera zowonda kwambiri, chifukwa masamba awo alibe klorophyll.
Ndikofunikira! Mu gladioli, chodzala mumthunzi kapena pamthunzi wamthunzi, pangakhale kusowa kwa maluwa. Izi makamaka makamaka mochedwa mitundu.Ngati n'kotheka, bedi liyenera kuyendetsedwa kutsogolo kuchokera kummawa mpaka kumadzulo. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, malo otsetsereka amafunika kukhala otetezedwa kuchokera pazithunzi ndikukhala pamwamba, chifukwa chomera sichidzakula pamene madzi apansi ali pafupi.
Nthaka maluwa amakonda chonde. Mchenga kapena loamy nthaka yowala ingakhale yabwino kubzala. Ngati palibe chomwecho, chiyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale. Mu katundu wovuta dothi ndi kusakaniza kwakukulu kwa dongo kapena peat maluwa sudzala. Adzafunanso kukhala m'nthaka yosavuta, chifukwa amasankha njira yochepa yowonongeka, yomwe ili pafupi ndi ndale (pH = 6.5-6.8). Pofuna kuchepetsa acidity, muyenera kuwonjezera mandimu, mazira a dzira kapena ufa wa dolomite pansi pa kukumba pansi. Zidzakhala 150-200 g pa mita imodzi. 
Ngati dothi liri ndi dothi lochuluka, ndiye kuti liyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi mchenga, ndipo pamene mukumba m'dzinja, yikani mandimu ndi humus. Mwatsopano humus angapangidwe, koma osafunika chifukwa akhoza kukwiyitsa kwambiri masamba kukula ndi osauka maluwa. Kuphika ndi humus ndi kuvunda kompositi kumayikidwa ku dothi lamchenga.
M'chaka, musanadzalemo maluwa, nthaka iyenera kudyetsedwa ndi zinthu zofunika kuti chilengedwe chikule bwino: phosphorous, nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu. Limati:
- ammonium nitrate (15 g / 1 sq. m);
- superphosphate (15 g / 1 sq m);
- sulfate ya potaziyamu (30 g / 1 sq. m.).
Ndikofunikira! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti muike gladioli kwa zaka zitatu mzere pamalo omwewo. Izi zidzawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda mmunda. Pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri, malo ayenera kusinthidwa. Simufunikanso kubzala maluwa pa chiwembu chomwe chimakhala ndi nyemba, phloxes, ndi mizu yomwe imakhala ndi matenda a fungal ndi gladiolus.
Ndikofunika kupanga mabowo pansi. Kukula kwake kudzadalira kukula kwa mababu. Maenje ayenera kukhala ofanana ndi magawo anayi a chodzala. Choncho, mababu akuluakulu adzafunika kuwonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 10-15 masentimita, ang'onoang'ono - ndi 8-10.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitiyenera kuwonjezereka kwambiri, chifukwa pakadali pano amayamba pachimake ndikupatsa ana ochepa. Ngati simunawabzala kwambiri, ndiye kuti mutseke mivi idzawonjezeredwa kuntchito. Komanso mababu osadziwika amakhala odwala kwambiri.
Mipata pakati pa mabowo imapangidwanso molingana ndi kukula kwa tubers. Zowonjezereka, mipata iyenera kukhala yaitali. Komabe, mulimonsemo, zitsime siziyenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri kusiyana ndi masentimita 10. Mzere wa mzere uyenera kukhala 20-25 masentimita.
Gladiolus akhoza kubzalidwa mwanjira ina - mu dzenje lolimba. Kuwonjezeka kwa mababu kumatayananso malinga ndi kukula kwake ndi pamtunda wa masentimita 10-20 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. 
Musanabzala zakuthupi zomwe zinayikidwa mu dzenje, nthaka iyenera kukhala madzi okwanira. Ndifunikanso kuchiza mankhwalawa "Fitosporin". Ikani madzi pansi: mchenga wa mtsinje kapena mosha wa sphagnum, masentimita 2 cm.
Tubers amafunika kutsukidwa ndi mamba. Ngati pali malo ovunda, ayenera kudula ndi mpeni.
Komanso, mababu akhoza kuikidwa mu adyo yankho kwa maola awiri. Zokonzedwa kuchokera ku madontho asanu mpaka asanu ndi limodzi, omwe amadzazidwa ndi madzi otentha. Kuthetsa mababu nthawi yomweyo musanadzale ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate. Ndi okonzeka kuchokera 0,5 g wa potaziyamu permanganate kusungunuka mu lita imodzi ya madzi ofunda. Mababu amakhala ndi mphindi 30.
Amene amakonda kugwira ntchito ndi mankhwala, kubzala musanabzala akhoza kukonzedwa ndi yankho la mankhwala "Karbofos." 
Pambuyo pa zidazi zimayikidwa m'mitsime kapena dzenje, zimayambitsidwa ndi dziko lapansi lotayirira. Muyeneranso kuyendetsa chodzala ndi peat. Mulching adzapulumutsa chinyezi chofunikira pansi. Mpaka nthawi yomwe mphukira imaonekera, gladioli sayenera kuthiriridwa. Zipatso ziyenera kuonekera pakatha masabata awiri kapena atatu.
Mukudziwa? Gladiolus siinali yogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse zokongoletsera zokha. Kotero, zaka 300 zapitazo, anyezi ake anaphwanyidwa, ufawo unawonjezeredwa kwa iwo ndi mapaleti anapangidwa. Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la XVII, zimadziwika za machiritso a maluwa - miyala yamtunduwu imagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi Dzino la Dzino, monga diuretic, ngati njira yowonjezera chitetezo cha mthupi. Koma monga yokongola chomera, gladiolus anayamba kubzalidwa kokha kuchokera ku XIX atumwi.Gladiolus - zomera zosadzichepetsa. Kudyetsa ndi kusamalira kwawo kumatha ngakhale alimi oyamba kumene. Ndikofunika kutsatira ndondomeko za momwe mungasankhire malo abwino ndi dothi lodzala, kukopa corms komanso mutabzala gladiolus pamalo otseguka m'chaka. Ndiyeno maluwa awa adzakongoletsa dacha ndipo adzakondweretsa mbuye wawo ndi maonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Amawoneka okongola m'magulu a magulu pafupi ndi mapulaneti, pafupi ndi khonde, pamsewu ndi mumasakani.
