Poyamba, zikhoza kuwoneka ngati wamaluwa wamaluwa omwe amamera mphesa ndizovuta komanso zovuta. Nthaŵi zambiri, malingaliro awa ndi olakwika. M'nkhani ino tiyesa kuthetsa nthano imeneyi pogwiritsa ntchito zosiyana siyana zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa alangizi a novice. Tikukufotokozerani za mphesa zodabwitsa "zokongola", ndondomeko yake, zosiyana siyana, komanso zithunzi za zitsamba ndi zipatso.
Mbiri yobereka
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Yokongola" inapezeka chifukwa cha kudutsa kwa mitundu "Chisangalalo" ndi "Frumoas Albe". Anakhazikitsidwa mu Russian VNIIViV iwo. Ya I. I. Potapenko.
Malongosoledwe ndi makhalidwe osiyana
Ambiri mbali yapadera yosiyanitsa Mphesa "Chokongola" ndi kucha kwake koyambirira: zipatso zimayambira kumapeto kwa July - kumayambiriro kwa August. Masangowa ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, nthawi zina monga mawonekedwe a cone, kuchulukitsitsa kulikonse.
Mulu wa misa ndi pafupifupi 300-400 g.
Zipatsozo zimakhala zazikulu - pafupifupi 7 g, zoyera-chikasu, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a kakoko, kawirikawiri - ovunduku.
Ali ndi zakudya zochepa zokoma, zokoma kwambiri, ndi zowawa, mafupa ali pafupi. Mphesa yamphesa ikhoza kukhala pa shrub mpaka mwezi umodzi.
Mukudziwa? Mphesa ali pafupi ndi mkaka mwa zakudya zamtundu, kupatulapo mafuta.
Mphesa "Zokongola" superearly ndi tebulo zosiyanasiyana ndipo si oyenera kupanga vinyo. Ali ndi zokolola zambiri, amalekerera kayendedwe. Imakhala ndi mvula yambiri yozizira, komanso imalekerera chilala ndi kutentha. Zitsamba ndizochepa-kukula kapena zowonjezera, zimakhala ndi mphukira zopatsa 95%.
Tikukulangizani kuti mudziŵe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa zoyera za munda wanu: "Kesha", "Valentine", "Augustine", "Laura", "Bazhena", "Monarch", "Harold", "Arcadia", "Talisman", "Timur" .
Zizindikiro za kukula
Kenaka, tikufotokozera zomwe muyenera kumvetsera ndi zomwe muyenera kulenga kuti mulimalize.
Kuunikira
Mphesa ndi chikhalidwe chokonda kwambiri, kotero kubzala muyenera kusankha bwino, popanda mthunzi. Kum'mwera chakum'mwera sikuyenera kukhala zopinga ngati nyumba ndi mitengo. 
Zosowa za nthaka
Chofunikira chachikulu pa nthaka ndi chake kuwala. Ngati dothi silikukumana ndi vutoli, lingakhale lothandiza pochotsa chinyezi chowonjezera komanso feteleza.
Kubzala malamulo osiyanasiyana "Zokongola"
Tiyeni tiyang'ane pazofunikira zomwe tiyenera kuziganizira pamene tikudzala mphesa.
Kusankhidwa kwa mbande
Chikole cha kukula, bwino fruiting zitsamba - kusankha bwino mbande. Choyamba, ndibwino kukumbukira kuti muyenera kugula mbande kuchokera kwa ogulitsa odalirika kapena mzipinda zapadera.
Chimene muyenera kumvetsera pamene mukugula:
- Mitundu ya mizu ndi yofunika: iyenera kukhala yowala. Komanso pamadulidwe, mizu iyenera kukhala yobiriwira.
- Musagule mbande m'dzinja, ndi masamba. Kupyolera mu masamba, sapling imataya madzi ambiri ndipo imatha kufa.
- Ndi bwino kugula mbande mu March kapena April.
Nthawi
Mphesa amabzalidwa pakati pa masika ndi autumn.
Pamene kumera kwa kasupe, payenera kusamalidwa mwapadera ku kuthirira mobwerezabwereza. Ndibwino kuti mupite mwamsanga mwamsanga, mwachitsanzo, mu March kapena ngakhale mu February (popanda kutentha kwa chisanu).
Lamulo lalikulu pamene mutabzala mu kugwa sikuti mubzalidwe mu nthaka yachisanu. Pachifukwa ichi, mizu sidzakhala yogwirizana ndi nthaka ndipo sidzalandira chinyezi komanso zakudya zofunikira.
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu iwiri yonse yotsanzika ndi yabwino kwa izi, popeza zimadziwika ndi kutentha kwa chisanu ndipo zimatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -25 ° C
Kulowera
Chotsatira chofunika chotsatira pambuyo pozindikira malo otsetsereka ndi nthawi kudzakhala chisankho chokhazikika, ndiko kuti, mtunda pakati pa tchire. Chiwembucho chimadalira mtundu wa trellis ndi pa sukulu yosankhidwa.
Posankha ndege imodzi yokha, mitengo ya "zokongola" imabzalidwa patali pafupifupi mamita 3.5 kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Mtunda wa pakati pa mizera ikhale yosachepera kutalika kwa ndege ya trellis, kawirikawiri ili pafupi mamita 2.
Ngati mwasankha kukhazikitsa ndege ziwiri, mtunda wa pakati pa tchire ukhoza kuchepetsedwa kufika mamita 2, ndipo mtunda wa pakati pa mizere ndi bwino kuwonjezeka mpaka 2.5-3 m.
Pofuna kubzala, nkofunika kukumba dzenje lakuya 1 mita, ndikuyika pansi pazitsulo, ndiyeno pafupifupi 40 cm nthaka. Kenaka ikani nyemba mu dzenje, zomwe ziyenera kudzazidwa padera ndi kompositi ndi nthaka. Chophimba pamwamba ndibwino kuti muzitsuka ndi kutsanulira zidebe ziwiri zamadzi.
Maphunziro a Gulu
Palibe njira yapadera yosamalira mphesa sizikutenga.
Kuthirira
Palibe zovuta kwambiri kuthirira mphesa zimafunikanso, "Chokongola" chiri mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chilala. Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndi madzi okwanira ambiri zokolola.
Ndikofunikira! Pothirira madzi muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti madzi sagwera pamtunda.
Feteleza
"Chokongola" sichifunikira feteleza choyenera, chomwe chimatsimikiziranso kudzichepetsa kwa zosiyanasiyana. Pa nyengo yokula, mukhoza kudyetsa zitosi za mbalame. Kamodzi pa nyengo, nthaka imamera ndi phulusa.
Kudulira
Zitsamba za kalasi "Zokongola" sizikusowa kudulidwa moyenera chifukwa cha chisanu chotsutsa. Amapangidwa chifukwa cha kupatulira, kusiya maola 6 pa mphukira iliyonse.
Mukudziwa? Purezidenti woyamba anali ... bulu. Ngakhale nthawi zakale, anthu anaona kuti tchire, zomwe zidya ndi nyama izi, zinabweretsa zokolola zambiri.
Kuti mbeu zowonongeka zapamwamba zikhale zoyenera kuchitika pa nyengo yokula. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa katundu pa chitsamba. Chotsatira chake, kukula kwa maburashi ndi zipatso kumawonjezeka, chikhalidwe cha mpesa chimakula bwino. 
Kuchotsa udzu ndi kusamalira nthaka
M'nyengo yozizira, nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa bwino pambuyo pa kuthirira kulikonse. Muyeneranso kumvetsera kuchotsa namsongole - amatenga chinyezi ndi zakudya m'nthaka.
Kodi ndikufunika kuphimba mphesa m'nyengo yozizira?
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Yokongola" imakhala yozizira kwambiri, komabe, pogona ndibwino kuti agwire, chifukwa, ngakhale khalidwe ili, monga mphesa zina, sichilola Kuchotsa kwa mpesa kwa nthawi yaitali. Pachifukwa ichi, impso zili zochepa pofikira mpweya ndikufa.
Matenda ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana
"Chokongola" chimatanthawuza mitundu yosagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, ingathe kuchita popanda mankhwala ochiritsira.
Komabe, akadathabe kudwala matendawa:
- Matenda a fungal, omwe amadziwonetsera ngati mawonekedwe wakuda pa masamba, zipatso ndi tsinde. Madera okhudzidwa ayenera kudulidwa pa nyengo yokula. Ngati matendawa adziwonetsera panthawi ya kusasitsa kwa maburashi, chitsamba chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi Bordeaux osakaniza.
Mphesa zingakhudze matenda a fungalomu monga oidium (powdery mildew) ndi mildew (downy mildew). Polimbana ndi mliriwu amagwiritsa ntchito fungicides.
- Masamba akhoza kuthetsa chiwombankhanga, kenako amasintha mtundu wake. Kupopera mbewu kumaperekedwa ndi kukonzekera komwe kuli phosphamide.
- Listohka imawononga madontho ndi masamba. Amayamba nthawi yozizira. Pofuna kuteteza kubereka kwake, pambuyo pa wintering, khungwa lakale limatenthedwa, ndipo chitsamba chimaperekedwa ndi njira zothetsera.
- Kusintha kwa mtundu wa leaf kungatheke chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zinthu zothandiza. Pankhaniyi, nthaka imamera ndi mkuwa sulphate.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
"Zokongola" zokongola kwambiri zili ndi ndemanga zabwino pakati pa wamaluwa.
Zopindulitsa zake ndizo:
- chisamaliro;
- zipatso zoyambirira kucha;
- chokolola chachikulu;
- kukoma kwa zipatso;
- kuwonjezeka kwa chisanu;
- Kukaniza matenda ambiri ndi tizirombo.
Zowonongeka zikuphatikizapo kanyumba kakang'ono ka zipatso: chifukwa chaichi, sichikulirakulira chifukwa cha malonda. Nthawi zambiri amatengeka ndi fungal matenda, komanso salola kulemba ingress wa chinyezi pa masamba pa kuthirira.
Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi yokhudzana ndi "Zokongola" zosiyanasiyana zimachotsa mantha anu akukula mphesa ndikuthandizani kupeza zipatso zabwino.
