Mphesa

Amakonda mitundu yambiri ya zipatso za mphesa

Okonda mphesa asanasankhe zosankha ayenera kusankha mtundu umene uli wokondweretsa kwambiri chiwembu chawo ndipo ndiwomwe amavomerezera. Kungodziwa mwatsatanetsatane ndi malingaliro aliwonse ndi makhalidwe a ndalama mungathe kusankha bwino. Mwachitsanzo, ngati zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga winemaking, ndiye njira yabwino ndi Muscat mphesa, kufotokozera mitundu yomwe ili ndi chithunzi ndikupitiriza.

White

Mitengo yonse ya mphesa Muscat, chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe amapezeka pakhungu, amadziwika ndi fungo la musk (French amatcha nutmeg). Zipatso za chikhalidwechi ndizolemera mu phytoncides ndipo zimakhala ndi phindu pamatumbo a microflora.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ma hybrids ambiri amadziwa kusintha kwa kutentha ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Choncho, zimakhala zovuta kukula m'munda. Mphesa za White Muscovite zinabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Arabiya ndi ku Egypt, ndipo pofotokoza za zosiyanasiyana zimatsindika kuti mbewuyi imakonda kutentha. Ndikofunika kudzala mitundu yosiyanasiyana padothi lolemera ndipo ndi zofunika kuwonjezera miyala.

Malo okongola - bwino owala matope. Amakonda izi zosiyanasiyana zowonjezeretsa potashi, zomwe zimayambira zomwe zidzakhala zogwira mtima kumayambiriro kwa fruiting.

Masango a White ndi masango osakaniza, cholemera cholemera ndi 120 g, ngakhale kuti akhoza kufika mpaka 450 g. Zipatsozi zimakhala zofiirira, kuzungulira, ndi zonunkhira komanso zosavuta. Shuga wokhutira mu zipatso ndi 20-30%. Olemekezeka ndi mtundu uwu wa zipatso za sera.

Maluwa a mphesa a Belyi ndi amphamvu, mochuluka fruiting (oposa 60-100 pa hekitala). Kutulutsa masiku pafupifupi 140, mbewu imakololedwa mwamsanga kuti zipatsozo ziwonjezere shuga. Mpesa wangwiro White wokonzekera kupanga vinyo. Muscat Bely ali ndi chitetezo chofooka kwa imvi zowola, mildew ndi oidium. Kawirikawiri amakhudzidwa ndi phylloxera ndi akangaude.

Kukanizira kwa chimfine cha chikhalidwe ndi chofooka, choncho chomera nthawi zambiri chimadwala ndi masika chisanu, ndipo ndizosakwanira chinyezi, mphamvu yakukula ya zimayambira imachepa.

Mukudziwa? White Muscat imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Italy popanga ma Asti ndi mavinyo ena abwino. Amamutcha kuti Moscato Bianco.

Pinki

Ngati mumadziƔa za mphesa zapakati za Muscat malingana ndi kufotokoza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti masamba ofiira ndi masamba obiriwira amadziwika pomwepo. Maluwa a mphesa iyi safuna kuwonjezera nyamakazi, chifukwa ndizogonana.

Mitundu ya Pink Muscat ikufanana ndi silinda, ndi yaing'ono - 200 g zokha. Zipatsozo ndizofiira, zozungulira, ndi khungu lakuda. Dulani ndi zosangalatsa fungo musky, wosakhwima, zokoma kwa kukoma. Mphukira za izi zosiyanasiyana zimapsa bwino, mbewu - pafupifupi, yokolola mu September. Nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 140.

Zina mwa ubwino wa mitundu ya pinki, ndizotheka kuzindikira nthawi yoyamba yakucha komanso kukana kuzizira (zingathe kufa m'nyengo yozizira).

Zoipa za hybrid iyi ndizo:

  • kusakhazikika kwa mildew ndi oidium;
  • osawuka chitetezo cha phylloxera, timapepala, kangaude mite;
  • Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza zowola;
  • mazira amatha kusweka, kuchititsa zipatso kuti zikhale ndi nandolo.

Pofuna kumera mphesa za pinki pa malo anu, muyenera kusankha malo abwino, kumayambiriro kwa April (kukumbukira April) kukumba dzenje, mudzaze ndi nthaka yothira mchere ndi feteleza, ndikutsata malamulo oyenera a kusamalira (kuthirira, kumasula nthaka, kudyetsa ndi d.)

Muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa zambiri za mphesa zopanda kuzizira ngati "Isabella", "Cabernet Sauvignon", "Mu Memory of Domkovskoy", "Transformation", "Harold".

Chilimwe

Mphesa Muscat Chilimwe - mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuyambira nthawi yofalikira mpaka kukula, masiku 110-120 apita.

Mphesa imeneyi ndi shrub yolimba yomwe imakhala ndi masango akuluakulu (600-700 g). Zipatso ndizoyera, zazikulu (7-8 g), cylindro-conical mu mawonekedwe, zamkati ndi zamchere, zowutsa mudyo. Pa kucha kucha, zipatso zili ndi 17-20% shuga.

Mphepete Yam'mlengalenga imakhala yopanda chisanu, imayima mpaka -23 ° C, imakhala ndi chitetezo chabwino cha mildew ndi medium to oidium. Kusiyana papamwamba zotengerako.

Mukudziwa? Muscat ndi Muscatel ndizosiyana kwambiri. Muscatel ndi dzina la vinyo wotsika kwambiri, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusakaniza mphesa za muscadine ndi mitundu ina.

Super Red

Dzina limeneli limasonyeza mbali yosiyana ya mphesa iyi. Chofiira chachikulu chimasiyana ndi kusamba msanga (pafupi masiku 98).

Ndi wamtali kapena sing'anga shrub, masango omwe amalemera pafupifupi 450 g. Zipatsozo zimakhala zowongoka, zitatha zimasanduka mdima wonyezimira, ndipo pakuthwa zimakhala zofiira.

Super Red amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga vinyo.

Chomeracho ndi chopanda chisanu, chili ndi chitetezo cha imvi.

Zina mwa zovuta za Red-Red, kusadziwika kwa powdery mildew kumadziwika.

Novoshakhtinsky

Wosakanizidwayu anagwedezeka podutsa zida zosiyanasiyana ndi Supereye Red Muscat (XVII-10-26) ndi wobadwira ku Russia Pavlovsky. Nthawi yakucha ya Novoshakhtinsky ndi masiku 100-115.

Mphesa iyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa omwe amadzipangira mungu ndi mpesa wokwanira. Masamba omwe ali ndi zipatso zobiriwira amalemera masekeli 600.

Zipatso ndi zazikulu (pafupifupi 10 g), zofiira-zofiira, zophimbidwa ndi khungu lochepa lomwe simukumva likadya.

Musosha wa Novoshakhtinsky ndi chisanu cholimba (chingathe kupirira -24 ° C), chiri ndi zokolola zambiri. Komanso, zipatso za nthawi yaitali zimatha kukhala pamtengo, pomwe zimakhalabe zokoma.

Mphesa imeneyi ili ndi kayendedwe kabwino kokhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.

Russian

Mtengo wamtundu uwu, monga Muscat Dievsky, sungapezeke ndi matenda, ndipo pofotokoza zosiyanasiyana, amadziwika chifukwa chakuphulika kwake.

Mavitamini a Muscat Russky ndi aakulu (16-18 masentimita), opangidwira, osungunuka. Mapangidwe a chipatsocho ndi owopsa komanso owometsera. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ma tebulo.

Livadia

Mitengo yoyamba kucha ndi tchire chokwanira, chomwe chiri chosavuta mu chisamaliro (mulibe nthawi yochuluka yocheka ndi garter).

Pambuyo kucha, gululi limalemera 500 g. Zipatso zabwino zimakhala ndi golide wagolide, zimafanana ndi dzira lokhala ndi mawonekedwe, ndipo zimasiyana mosiyana kwambiri. Nyerere ndi yopyapyala, zamkati ndi zowirira, zowutsa mudyo.

Zina mwa ubwino ndi chisanu kukana (mpaka -20 ° C) ndi chitetezo champhamvu ku matenda osiyanasiyana.

Ndikofunikira! Muscat Livadia mwachizolowezi samavutika ndi matenda a fungal ndi opatsirana.

Donskoy

Mtundu umenewu umayenera kuzindikira kuti zipatso zimabuka m'masiku 115 okha, choncho madera omwe chilimwe ndi ochepa, Donskoy ndi ofunika kwambiri.

Pafupifupi gulu lolemera ndi 200 g, ndipo shuga wothira zipatso ndi 20-30%. Zipatso zazing'ono (pafupifupi 2 g) zikhoza kutengedwa chifukwa cha zolephera za zosiyanasiyana, koma zokolola zabwino ndizo ulemu wake.

Komanso, chokolola choyamba chingapezeke m'chaka chachitatu mutabzala pa nthaka zonse.

M'pofunikanso kuzindikira kuti mphesayi imalephera kudwala matenda a fungal ndipo imatha kulekerera kutentha.

Ndikofunikira! Chosiyana ndi Muscat Donskoy ndi kuchuluka kwa inflorescences pa mphukira, imene pa maluwa nthawi ayenera thinned (normalized) kuti apeze zazikulu zipatso.

Pleven

Zosiyanasiyana zoyambirirazi zimabwera kuchokera ku Bulgaria. Berry yakucha nyengo - 115 masiku. Akamaliza kucha, gululo limalemera pafupifupi 600 g. Zipatsozi ndi zazikulu, pafupifupi (9 g), za mtundu wa amber wonyezimira, womwe umakhala ndi madzi obiriwira omwe amakhala ndi shuga pafupifupi 22%. Kukula kwa mpesa - 85%.

Ndikofunikira! Pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza, mumatha kupeza zipatso zambiri za Muscat Pleven.

Monga mphesa zosangalatsa, pofotokoza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Pleven nutmeg, kutentha kwa chisanu (mpaka -25 ° C) ndi kutetezeka kwa matenda a fungal.

Komanso, izi zowonjezera zimayamba kubereka chipatso chaka chachitatu. Ndiwotchuka ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha zovuta zamagetsi.

Blau

Mitundu yozizira imeneyi ndi yochokera ku Switzerland. Muscat Blau amadziwika ndi kusakaniza kwake koyambirira ndi chitetezo chabwino cha matenda osiyanasiyana. Mphesa imeneyi ikhoza kutchedwa chisanu chopanda chisanu (kupirira mpaka -29 ° C).

Blau nutmeg imadziwika ndi zokolola (6 matani pa hekita). Kololani mu September, pamene zipatso zimadzaza ndi shuga wokwanira.

Masamba a Muscat Blau ndi ofanana (300 g), zipatso zimakhala zazikulu (mpaka 5 g), zakuda. Mitundu iliyonse Muscat imafunika kulemekezedwa. Timapereka mitundu yochepa yokha yomwe imatchuka, koma tikuyembekeza kuti ambiri omwe sanafune kuyesa mphesa pazolowera zawo adzalimba mtima ndipo adzalandira zipatso zokoma ndi zokoma monga mphotho.