Marigolds pa khonde - chokongola chenicheni chomwe chidzakondwera ndi maluwa pafupifupi chili chonse. Kuti mukwaniritse maluwa ambiri, muyenera kudziwa nthawi yobzala marigolds pa mbande ndi momwe mungawasamalire mutatha kukwera miphika.
Kukula mbande za marigold
Kubzala marigolds pa khonde kumaphatikizapo kufesa mbeu za maluŵa okongola awa kuti azibzala. Izi ndi zofunikanso kuti tipeze maluwa oyambirira kwambiri komanso kuti zikhale zosavuta kulenga zokongola komanso zobiriwira miphika.
Nthawi yobzala mbewu za mbande
Pofuna kubzala mbande pa khonde, mbeu zimatha kufesedwa mwamsanga, makamaka ngati muli ndi khonde lamaluwa ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, mabokosi akhoza kubisika ku chisanu. Pankhaniyi, mutha kubzala mbewu mu February. Kenaka pakati pa mwezi wa March mudzakhala ndi mwayi wotsitsa marigolds anu, ndipo kumapeto kwa mweziwo muwaphatikize iwo kumalo osambira. 
Mu funso la tsiku lofesa mbewu mu mbande, kutsogoleredwa ndi kuti kuyambira nthawi yofesa maluwa awa mpaka maluwa oyambirira akupezeka, ambiri, pafupifupi miyezi iwiri yapita. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngati mukufuna kupeza mabokosi mwamsanga, ndiye kofunika kufesa mbewu mwamsanga. Lingoganizani kokha kuti, ngakhale kutentha kukuzizira, kutentha kutsika + 5˚С sikuvomerezeka kwa marigolds, motero n'kosatheka kuwasunga nyengo yotere pamsewu.
Ndikofunikira! Kumbukirani kuti pakufesa mofulumira kwambiri, mbande zazing'ono za mbewu za marigold sizikhala ndi dzuwa ndipo zimawoneka zosauka. Pofuna kupewa izi, fesa mbewuzo kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, kapena kugula phytolamp kusanayambe kuunikira mbewu.
Kusankhidwa kwa dothi
Pofesa mbewu za marigold, nkofunika kukonzekera nthaka yabwino kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, mukhoza kugula nthaka yosakaniza mtundu wa mtundu uwu kapena mukhoza kusakaniza nokha mofanana:
- Gawo limodzi la humus;
- Gawo limodzi;
- Gawo limodzi la peat;
- 0,5 mbali ya mchenga.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndikofunika kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizisakaniza. Pachifukwa ichi, ikhoza kuikidwa mu uvuni kwa mphindi 20, Kutenthetsa uvuni ku 200 ° C. Mukhozanso kuthirira nthaka ndi yankho la fungicide kapena potanganum permanganate.Kunyumba, simungamere maluwa, komanso masamba, zipatso ndi zitsamba: nkhaka, tomato, anyezi, tsabola, katsabola, basil, medlar, letesi, parsley.
Mbewu yokonzekera musanadzalemo
Kuberekera kwa marigolds kumaphatikizapo kulima kokha kuchokera ku mbewu, chifukwa palibe njira ina yoyenera maluwa amodzi a chaka chimodzi. Mbewu zikhoza kufesedwa pamalo otseguka, koma izi ziyenera kuchitika osati kumayambiriro kwa masika, monga mbande, koma pamapeto.
Koma mosasamala kanthu kuti mukufesa mbewu pamatope kapena m'miphika kuti mupeze mbande, ndikofunika kuti muwakonzekere:
- Dzitsani nyembazo ndi kuziwaza muzitsulo zochepa pansalu.
- Phimbani ndi nsalu yonyowa.
- Manga chophimba mu polyethylene, pafupifupi kulepheretsa kupeza mpweya.
- Ikani mbale ya mbewu pamalo otentha kwa masiku 1-2. Pamaso pa nyengo ya dzuwa ikhoza kuikidwa pawindo.
- Pambuyo masiku 1-3 mbeu ziyenera kumera ndipo zikhoza kufesedwa kale.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti mukule marigolds pa khonde, sankhani mitundu yovuta kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kuti marigolds omwe sanagonjetse, makamaka mitundu ya "Bonanza Orange", "Bonanza Bolero", "Bonanza Flame". Koma mtundu wawung'ono kwambiri wa maluŵa ameneŵa ndi marigolds woonda kwambiri kapena Mexico, pakati pawo pa khonde lanu mungasankhe mitundu "Paprika", "Dwarf", "Lulu" kapena "Ursula".
Momwe mungabzalidwe mbeu pa mbande
Choncho, mungabzala bwanji marigold mbande? Nthaka yokonzedweratu imatsanuliridwa muzitsulo zilizonse zoyenera, zowerengedwera pang'ono ndi zopanda kanthu zopangidwa pamtunda. Mtunda wa pakati pawo uyenera kukhala masentimita 4 Pambuyo pake, mbewu zimatsanuliridwa mu groove pamtunda wa masentimita awiri kuchokera mzake. 
Ngati mbeu yayamba kale, ndiye kuti mtunda ukhoza kuwonjezeka, ngati sichoncho - ukhoza kuchepetsedwa. Tsopano grooves amadzazidwa ndi nthaka, koma siyikuphatikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi izo, kuti asapweteke.
Pambuyo pofesa, ndikofunika kusakaniza nthaka ndi mbeu za marigold, koma izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kuti asasambe. Ndi bwino kuti uwazapo mankhwalawo. 
Zomwe zimafesa mbeu
Mosiyana ndi maluwa ena, pofesa marigolds pa mbande, mabokosi okhala ndi mbewu sayenera kuimitsidwa ndi polyethylene. Muwaike pamalo otentha ndi kutentha kwa mpweya pafupifupi 25 °С. Ngati mbeu yayamba kale, mbande zoyamba zikhoza kuwoneka ngakhale tsiku lachiwiri, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri zimatenga masiku 2-3 (nthawi zambiri, kumera kumatha kuchepa kwa sabata). 
Pamene mphukira imawoneka, ndikofunika kusuntha zitsulozo ndi mbande zam'tsogolo m'malo ozizira ndi kutentha kosapitirira kuposa 19˚С. Izi ndizofunika kuti mbeu zisayambe kukula, koma m'malo molimbika komanso molimba mtima adapeza mphamvu.
Kusamba kwa mbande za marigold
Kukula mbande za marigold kumaphatikizapo zosankha zawo. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti timayesa kufesa mbewu mozama kuti tipewe kusamera. Komabe, ngati masambawa akhuthala mbewu, ndiye mbewu iliyonse, mmalo mofulumira kupeza mphamvu, idzangokwera pamwamba. Gwirizanitsani, mubokosi pa khondelo maluwa aakulu ndi osakhwimawo sadzawoneka okongola ndipo maluwa awo adzakhala ofooka. 
M'mayunivesite ambiri, funso limayambira nthawi zambiri: kodi n'zotheka kuti musayambe kusuta? Ndipotu, ndi bwino kuchita izi, ndipo kufunika kwa izi kudzatuluka panthawi imene masamba atatu enieni amaonekera pa mbeu iliyonse. Kutenga mbande mu makapu osiyana kumathandiza kuti mizu ya marigolds ikhale yolimba ndikukula momwe zingathere. 
Inu nokha mudzadabwa kuti mu masabata awiri mizu ya kamera kakang'ono sikhala yoyenera mu galasi. Choncho, Kukolola marigold ndikobwino kwambiri, ndipo pambuyo pa masabata awiri mutatha kubzala mbande mabokosi omwe ali pabwalo. 
Kubzala mbande za marigold mabokosi omwe ali pabwalo
Kusindikizidwa kwa marigolds ndi ntchito yoyenerera, chifukwa, kuwonjezera pa kusawononga mbande panthawiyi, ndikofunikira kuti tichite nthawi inayake. Lingaliro ndilo kuti mbande mu zomera zonse sizikhoza kuchitika kwa nthawi yaitali, chifukwa zidzatulutsidwa. Koma ngakhale atayikidwa kwambiri mofulumira, mbande za marigold zimafa. 
Mukamabzala mumabokosi a khonde, konzani dothi lofanana ngati kufesa mbewu. M'bokosili, lembani malo mmera uliwonse, poganizira kutalika kwa mtunda - 15 cm kwa mitundu yochepa yokula komanso 20 kukula kwa sing'anga. Pambuyo pake, pangani nyemba ndi kuwatengera mbande kwa iwo pamodzi ndi nthaka yomwe iwo amakulira mu makapu. Chifukwa cha ichi, mudzapatsa zomera zowonjezereka, ndipo adzapita kukula tsiku lachiwiri.
Mukudziwa? Maluwa otentha a marigold amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'zipatala. Kulowetsedwa kwa iwo amachiza stomatitis, zilonda za pakhosi, bronchitis komanso ngakhale mphumu. Kulowetsedwa kumakonzedwa kuchokera ku 1 tbsp basi. l wosweka maluwa ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre. Pambuyo maola atatu a kulowetsedwa, mankhwala akhoza kumwa, kutenga 1 tbsp. Mphindi 30 asanadye chakudya.
Timasankha abwenzi omwe amalima marigolds pa khonde
Mu funso la momwe mungakwerere marigolds pa khonde, mbali ya pafupi ndi maluwa amenewa ndi congeners ndi yofunikanso. Kawirikawiri, marigolds ikhoza kumera ndi maluwa ena onse, funso lokha ndilo ngati zomera zina zidzatha kukhala nawo, chifukwa maluwa omwe timalongosola akukula mofulumira ndipo amatha kupitsa mbande zina.
Pa chifukwa ichi pamodzi ndi marigolds tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tibzala:
- calendula;
- dahlias;
- hydrangeas;
- balsamine.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji marigolds pa khonde?
Marigolds ndi maluwa okonda dzuwa, kotero ayenera kukhala wamkulu kummwera kapena kumadzulo kumalo. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti musayambe kusiya floriculture, koma kuti mukhale ndi kukula bwino komanso maluwa, marigolds adzayenera kupereka zowonjezera kuwala.
Kusamba madzi
Marigolds amaonedwa kuti ndi mchere wosagonjetsedwa, koma pakuchita kusowa kwa madzi okwanira nthawi zonse kumakhala kuti masamba apansi pa zomera amangotembenukira chikasu. Pankhani ya mitundu yambiri ya khonde, izi sizolandiridwa, choncho muyenera kuzizizira m'mitsuko tsiku ndi tsiku, koma m'magawo ang'onoang'ono a madzi. 
Pa masiku otentha a chilimwe mumatha kuthirira madzi - mmawa uliwonse ndi madzulo onse. Pa nthawi yomweyi, musawope kutsanulira maluwa - chifukwa cha madzi pansi pa bokosi, chinyezi chochulukira nthawi zonse chimachokera ku mizu.
Ndikofunikira! Kuphatikiza pa chinyontho, marigolds amafunikanso mwamsanga mlengalenga, yomwe nthawi zonse imafunika kufika pamidzi ya maluwa awa. Kuti muchite izi, sabata iliyonse m'miphika ndi marigolds m'pofunika kuti mutulutse bwinobwino nthaka. Njira zoterezi zimawongolera ngakhale mphamvu ya maluwa.
Kodi mukusowa chakudya?
Wakulira m'mabedi a maluwa, marigolds sakhala akudyetsedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza kamodzi - nthawi yophukira kapena kasupe kukonzekera maluwa. Koma pamene mukukula mabokosi, kudyetsa ndi kofunikira, monga kukula kwa maluwa, marigolds amafunikira chakudya chokwanira. 
Chovala choyamba chikhoza kuchitika patangotha masabata awiri mutabzalidwa mbewu, yachiwiri - panthawi yomwe masamba oyambirira akuwonekera pa zomera zakulira ndi otsiriza - pamene marigolds akufalikira. Pamwamba pa kuvala, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wambiri, monga kompositi kapena zinthu zina zowonongeka zingathe kuwononga maonekedwe ndi kununkhira kwa maluwa.
Kudulira kwa inflorescences
Buri inflorescence, yomwe yatha kukondweretsa maluwa ake, ndi kofunika kuti nthawi yomweyo imwe. Izi ndi zofunika kuti mbeuyo ikhale ndi mphamvu zowononga masamba ena. Kuwonjezera apo, ngati mwalima marigolds kumayambiriro ndi mwezi wa July atha kale kuphuka, mukhoza kuyesa chitsamba chilichonse. Pazifukwa zabwino, njira yosavuta imeneyi idzaperekanso maluwa kumapeto kwa autumn. 
Ndikofunikira! Sikofunika kuchotsa inflorescences yomwe ikuyenda ngati mukufuna kusonkhanitsa mbewu kuchokera ku marigolds kufesa chaka chamawa. Pazimenezi ayenera kupatsidwa nthawi yokwanira kukalamba. Ganizirani kokha kuti pafupifupi mitundu yonse yamadzimadzi ndi osakanikirana marigolds ndi osakanizidwa, kotero mbadwo wawo wotsatira ukhoza kusiyana pang'ono ndi mtundu wa maluwa.
Zingakhale zovuta kukula
Mukamalima maluwa mabokosi omwe ali pabwalo, ndibwino kukumbukira kuti matenda a marigold ndi tizilombo toononga angathe kuwakhudza. Nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi nkhungu zakuda kapena slugs. Pofuna kuthana ndi zotupazo mumtambo wa marigolds, mukhoza kuyika galasi ndi madzi osungunuka, omwe angawopsyeze tizirombo.
Koma pamene zowoneka, ndi bwino kuchotsa maluwa, chifukwa sangathe kupulumutsidwa, koma matendawa akhoza kufalikirabe. Kuonjezerapo, pofuna kupeŵa matendawa ndi slugs, musadumphire maluwa, ndipo mvula imalimbikitsidwa kuchotsa ku khonde. 
Matenda ena omwe amawononga marigolds kuti chilala ndi kangaude. Mukhoza kuchotsa maluwa mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira yapadera yopangidwa ndi anyezi, tsabola wofiira ndi zaka chikwi. Ndipo kotero kuti iye sankakhoza kuwonekera nkomwe, mu chilala chachikulu, osati madzi okha, komanso kutsitsiza marigolds.
Mukudziwa? Ngakhale kuti nthawi zina mavutowa amatha kukhudza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, timatopa tizilombo tina, zomwe zimatheka chifukwa cha fungo la maluwa amenewa. Pa chifukwa ichi, marigolds akhoza kubzalidwa ngakhale kuzungulira mabedi ndi munda wa mbewu monga mtundu wa njira yothetsera.
Mukayamba kufesa mbewu za marigold nthawi yake ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse, maluwa awa akhoza kukukondweretsani ndi mazira awo owala nthawi yonse ya chilimwe. Koma mutatha maluwa omaliza, musafulumire kukatula maluwa ndikuwaponyera kutali - musiyeni bokosi limodzi kuti mbewu izigwiritsidwe ntchito mu inflorescences zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito chaka chamawa.
