Chitsamba cha mankhwala chotchedwa ginseng, chomwe chithunzi chake chafotokozedwa m'nkhani ino, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga toniki, chimathandizira kusintha kwa thupi, mankhwala, komanso mitundu yodetsa nkhawa. Kukonzekera kuchokera ku chomerachi kumapangitsa kuti muthe mwamsanga mutangotha kugwira ntchito mwakhama, kupitiriza moyo ndi unyamata. Ku China ndi ku Korea, muzu wa zomera izi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya.
Kulongosola kwa chikhalidwe
Ginseng ndi chomera chosatha ndi mitundu 11. Mitundu yambiri ya mbeu imeneyi imakula m'chilengedwe chakummawa kwa Asia, ndipo ena amapezeka ku North America. Tibet ndi wolemera kwambiri mu ginseng, kotero kunali kumeneko kuti machiritso apadera a mbewuyi anawonekera.
Mitengo yambiri ya mankhwala imakula mderalo, mwachitsanzo: lofant, gravilat, cornflowers, levzeyu, skumpyuy, catnip, sea buckthorn, goji berries, echinacea, basilis, zizifus, kusamba.
Anthu akale a Chitchaina omwe adawona mndandanda wa mzuwo amafanana ndi munthu, choncho dzina limeneli linabadwa, lomwe potembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Chinese limatanthawuza "mizu ya anthu".
Maonekedwe a zomera:
- kumtunda kwake kuli mphukira yayikulu yozizira, yomwe chaka chotsatira ikuyamba kuthawa mpaka 50 cm;
- Pakati pazitali zonsezi muzu ndi masamba osalala, omwe amawombera;
- Zimayambira, zosalekeza ndi masamba akulu;
- maluwa ugly, ang'ono ndi woyera corolla;
- chipatso cha chomeracho ndi chofiira chofiira kwambiri chamagazi, chimakhala ndi mbewu zingapo.
Kumene angabzala ginseng
Kudziwa momwe mungakulire bwino ginseng m'munda mwanu, m'kupita kwa nthawi mukhoza kupeza zokolola zabwino za mizu yozizwitsa imeneyi. Malo okwera malo ayenera kukhala ndi malo otsetsereka kuti madzi aziyenda ndi kutetezedwa ku mphepo yamphamvu.
Ndibwino kuti zikhale bwino kuti zomera zilandire dzuwa m'mawa ndi madzulo. Ginseng amakonda nthaka yachonde, kuwala ndi madzi abwino.
Kusankha kwauni
Ginseng ndi wokonda mthunzi, kotero kupanga chounikira choyenera pa webusaitiyi ndi chimodzi mwazimene zimapangitsa kuti chitukuko chitukule bwino. 25% ya kuwala kwa dzuwa amaonedwa kuti ndi okwanira., ndipo mukhoza kupeza mthunzi pogwiritsa ntchito zikopa zamatabwa.
Zimapangidwa ndi miyendo mpaka masentimita 10, kutalika kwake komwe kumakhala 3 masentimita. Zida zoterezi zimayikidwa pamtunda pamtunda wa mamita 2 ndi mtunda wa kumwera. Ndili ndi zaka, ginseng amafunikira kuwala kochuluka, kotero muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala kuti mbewuyo siimatulutsa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala.
Mukudziwa? Mbiri ya mphatso yodabwitsa ya chilengedwe ili ndi zaka zoposa 5 zikwi zisanu. Kutchulidwa kwa ginseng yomwe imapezeka m'mabuku a Confucius.
Mitengo ya maluwa ikhoza kukhala mthunzi wa chilengedwe, monga kuthengo, koma iwe umangoyenera kulamulira nthaka chinyezi.
Zosowa za nthaka
Pofuna kudziwa mmene mungamere ginseng m'dzikoli, tiyenera kudziwa kuti kukula ndi chitukuko cha chomerachi nkofunikira kusankha bwino ndikukonzekera nthaka. Zomwe zimapangidwa ziyenera kukhala pafupi ndi chilengedwe, choncho acidity iyenera kukhala ndi chizindikiro chosalowererapo. Zomwe zifunikira kunthaka: katundu wa zinthu zakuthupi, kutaya, chinyezi ndi kupuma. Alimi akukonzekera nthaka kuti ikule:
- Amalowa m'nkhalango yosakanizika ndi dothi lopanda nthaka limodzi ndi zinyalala kuchokera ku nthaka yakugwa, zomwe zimagwirizanitsa pansi pa mitengo yomwe imakhala pansi komanso pansi pa coniferous.
- Thirani izi osakaniza mu kompositi, onjezerani masamba akugwa, utuchi, mazira a dzira, ovunda bwino mullein, mchenga wa mtsinje ndi phulusa.
- Panthawiyi, kusakaniza kumeneku kumakhala ngati manyowa, kutembenuka ndi kutsanulira kuti mupeze minofu yofanana.
- Asanalowetse pansi, nthaka imadulidwa kupyolera mu sieve kuchotsa mphutsi zowononga ndi kuthirira ndi 0,3% potaziyamu permanganate yankho.
Ndikofunikira! Ginseng amawononga nthaka, kotero kubzala kachiwiri pamalo amodzi ndi kotheka zaka 10.
Njira ndi malamulo odzala mbewu za mankhwala
Nthawi yopambana kwambiri yobzala chodabwitsa ichi chomera ndi pakatikati pa autumn. Kukonzekera ginseng kwa kubzala ndi kusamalidwa kwambiri ndi njira yayitali. Ndondomekoyi yagawanika mu magawo awiri: kufesa mbewu kuti mupeze mbande ndikubzala mu malo osatha.
Kufesa mbewu:
- pa mtunda wa masentimita 15, grooves amapangidwa ndi kuya kwa masentimita atatu;
- Mbeu imayikidwa m'mitsempha ndi mpata wa 2 cm pakati pawo;
- kukwera mulch utuchi wa utuchi kapena pinini singano.
Kuti mphukira iziwonekera chaka choyamba, nkofunika kuti muzitha kukonza mbewu pakhomo. Pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi, kudzala kudzawonekera miyezi inayi, koma kukula kwa mbeu kumakhala 70%.
Kuchita stratification n'kofunika pamene kukula honeysuckle capricoleum, alstromeria, apricot, maula, mabokosi, verbena, Chinese magnolia mpesa, lavender, Rhodiola rosea, quince.
Kubzala mbande:
- musanadzalemo, ndi zofunika kuti zikhale zowonjezera mphindi 7 peresenti ya potassium permanganate;
- Kenaka yambani ndi madzi oyera ndikukhala pansi;
- pakuwona masentimita 30, mbeu zimabzalidwa pansi pa chilakolako, pafupi kwambiri, kukulitsa masamba a apical ndi masentimita 5.
Ndikofunikira! Zopindulitsa kwambiri m'zomera zimagwirizanitsa ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, ndiye kusonkhanitsa kumachepetsanso. Mizu ya m'badwo uwu ndi yamtengo wapatali kwambiri pa mankhwala.
Malamulo osamalira
Kufunsa za momwe mungakhalire wabwino ndi wathanzi ginseng kunyumba, muyenera kutsatiranso malamulo oyang'anira chomera chodabwitsa ichi. Malamulo awa ndi osavuta:
- Kutentha kwa mpweya sikuposa 80%, ndipo chinyezi cha nthaka 70%;
- kuthirira kumachitika ngati n'kofunika ndi kuwonjezera kwa 0,5% potaziyamu permanganate;
- M'chaka choyamba cha moyo wa chomera, weeding imangodulidwa mwachindunji ndi mulching;
- Mu August, pamene zipatso zipsa, amafunikira kuwala kwa dzuwa tsiku ndi tsiku m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Kuthirira ndi kusamalira nthaka
Kuthirira sikuyenera kuchitidwa kawiri konse pa sabata. Mtengo wa madzi umadalira nyengo ndi nyengo, koma osapitirira 9 malita pa lalikulu lalikulu.
Feteleza
M'dzinja, mutatha kukolola, mabedi amakhala ndi 2 cm ya biohumus. Imapulumutsa masamba ndi mizu ku chiwonongeko chozizira ndipo imakhala ngati chakudya chokwanira chabwino. M'chaka ndi m'dzinja, phulusa limaphatikizidwanso, kuwonjezera 200 g ya fetereza iyi pa lalikulu lalikulu.
Mukudziwa? Ngati, pochotsa nthaka, kuwononga tsinde, muzu wa hibernates kwa zaka zambiri. Pansi pa zinthu zabwino, kukula kumayambiranso.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta ginseng
Mzu wodabwitsa, umene umamera kuthengo, suli ndi matenda aliwonse, pamene ukukula m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Pofuna kulima mabedi a ginseng kunyumba Chofunika kwambiri pa kulimbana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda chimaperekedwa ku teknoloji yaulimi:
- nthaka yabwino kwambiri ndi zinthu zowonongeka bwino;
- kulera bwino ndi kulandira mbeu;
- kukonza ngalande ya mapiri ndi kumwa madzi owonjezera;
- zomwe zili m'mphepete mwa mawonekedwe oyera ndi omasuka;
- kusamalidwa kwa zomera kuchokera ku mbewu za masamba.
Chimodzi mwa matenda owopsa kwambiri ndi fusarium, chomwe chimayambitsa wilting wa mbande. Wothandizira mankhwalawa amakhala pansi, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kulimbana ndi mliriwu. Mabedi a Ginseng ayenera kukhala kutali ndi malo omwe gladioli, nkhaka ndi zomera zina zimakula. Pofuna kupewa matendawa, m'pofunika kupopera kamodzi pa mwezi ndi theka la peresenti ya potassium permanganate pa lita imodzi pa malo awiri.
Mitengo yokhwima imakhala ndi zowola zowuma, zowoneka bwino, ndipo mizu imakhala imvi-mtundu wonyansa. Kuteteza kumaphatikizapo kukonza njira ziwiri za hydrated laimu pamtunda wa lita imodzi pa malo makumi awiri.
Tizilombo toopsa ndi wireworms ndi kapu. Njira zazikulu zogwirira ntchito ndizo - kusonkhanitsa ndi kuwonongeka.
Zambiri mwazinthu zopindulitsa
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimapindulitsa zomerazo zimakhala zapadera pa matenda onse. Mazu a mizu:
- kulimbikitsa thupi, kukhala immunomoduliruyuschim;
- Zimakhudza kwambiri kayendedwe kabwino ka mitsempha, zimathandiza kupanikizika komanso nthawi yomweyo zimathetsa chidwi cha osamvera;
- kumalimbitsa mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi, imayambitsa mphamvu ya magazi;
- amatha kuletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa, izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kafukufuku wamankhwala;
- Mzuwu wozizwitsa umathandiza kwa amuna, kubwezeretsa mphamvu za amuna, komanso kwa akazi omwe amathandiza kuti abwezeretsedwe;
- Zimathandiza pamtima, ubongo ndi kubwezeretsa magazi bwino;
- Kukonzekera kwa Ginseng kwagwiritsidwa ntchito mu cosmetology pochizira khungu ndi tsitsi.
Mukudziwa? Muzu ndi wautali. Mu 1905, kope linapezeka kuti linaphwanya zolemba zonse. Mbadwo wake unali ndi zaka 200 ndipo iye anali wolemera 600 g, ndipo anagulitsidwa kwa $ 5000.Podziwa ubwino wonse wa chozizwitsa ichi, mukhoza kuyesetsa kulikula kumbuyo kwanu, zomwe zingabweretse phindu lokha.
