Lero tikambirana za mtundu wa nkhumba zomwe zikutsogolera nyama ku Pietren. Mtundu uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Ulaya, chifukwa cha zokolola zake ndi kuchepa kwa zinyalala panthawi yophedwa.
Tidzapeza zomwe Pietrain amachulukitsa, kukambirana za phindu la kulima, komanso kukambirana za momwe amamangidwira komanso zovuta za kuswana.
Kufotokozera ndi zochitika za mtunduwu
Pietrain - mtundu wa nkhumba za chinyama, chikhalidwe ndi chithunzi cha zomwe zidzafotokozedwa pansipa.
Mtundu uwu unabzalidwa ku Belgium mwa kudutsa mitundu yambiri ya nyama. Chifukwa cha zaka khumi za ntchito, mtundu wa Pietrain unatengedwa, umene unali ndi makhalidwe omwe alengi ankaganiza. 
Zizindikiro za kunja
Nyama yaikulu yomwe thupi lake limapangidwira mofanana ndi silinda. Minofuyo imapangidwa bwino, yomwe imawoneka ndi maso. Mutu ndi waung'ono, womwe umakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa nyama yoyera. Makutu ali okhazikika. Kumbuyo kuli lonse, lili ndi phokoso pamsana.
Ndikoyenera kumvetsera mtundu, umene umayimilidwa ndi zida zazikulu zakuda pa "maziko" oyera.
Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge za mitundu ina ya nkhumba: Hungary Mangalitsa, Mirgorod, lamba wofiira, woyera woyera, Vietnamese vislobryusha.
Makhalidwe abwino
Ndi bwino kuyamba ndi mfundo yakuti nyama ya mtundu uwu imalingaliridwa zakudya, ndipo izi zimapindulitsa.
Nkhumba yaikulu imakhala yolemera makilogalamu 200 mpaka 250, chiberekero - mpaka makilogalamu 200 kuphatikizapo. Komabe, zimachitika kuti anthu ena amatha kupitirira miyeso yambiri yolemera miyeso.
Azimayi nthawi zina amapereka nkhumba zopitirira 10, zomwe zimasiyana ndi umoyo. Giliti amafika pamtunda wa makilogalamu 90 ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, choncho mtunduwo umaganiziridwa pakatikati. 
Ponena za kuchuluka kwa misala, ndi bwino kuganizira kuti Pietrain akugwiritsira ntchito ndondomekoyi m'mbuyo mwa mitundu ina, osapeza magalamu 500 patsiku. Ndiyeneranso kulingalira kuti chakudya chodya pa 1 makilogalamu a kulemera kwa moyo chiri m'deralo la magawo asanu a chakudya.
Ndikofunikira! Ofesa sangathe kudyetsa ana, choncho chiwerengero cha ana aang'ono chimakhala chachikulu.
Zochita ndi zoipa za mtundu
Kenaka, tiyeni tikambirane za ubwino ndi zopweteka za Pietrain, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi nyengo yathu ndi kukula kwake kwa kutentha, ndi makhalidwe a mtunduwo.
Zotsatira
- Kukolola kwakukulu kwa nyama yoyenera kudya kupha (pafupifupi 70%).
- Mtunduwu umagonjetsedwa ndi circovirus (matenda opatsirana).
- Sangathe kukulitsa mafuta ambiri, mosasamala kanthu za zakudya ndi caloric kudya.
- Iwo ndi ofunika kwambiri pa maudindo a zamoyo, kusunga chizindikiro cha kudya kwa mwana.
Wotsutsa
- Kusokonezeka molakwika.
- Wopanda kutentha kwambiri kapena kuzizira, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mafuta.
- Kumvetsetsa kwambiri pazomwe mukuyenda komanso nthawi yokonza.
- Kudalira kwa khalidwe la nyama pamtundu wa chakudya.
- Akufesa osati kupereka kokha ana angapo, komanso sangathe kupereka mkaka.
- Kuthamanga kwakukulu kumapindula mu nkhumba zoweta.
Mukudziwa? Boar yaikulu padziko lonse inakulira ku USA. Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa mtundu wa Chipolishi ndi wa Chitchaina wakula mu 1153 makilogalamu.
Momwe mungasankhire nkhumba zathanzi pakugula
Timapitanso kusankhidwa kwa nyama zinyama, zomwe sizidzangokhala zokolola komanso komanso kuchuluka kwa kulemera kolemera kudzadalira.
Tiyeni tiyambe maonekedwe. Choyamba, mtundu suti uyenera kulumikizana ndi magawo enaake. Ngakhale mphutsi yaing'ono kwambiri ili ndi mawanga wakuda. Chachiwiri, payenera kukhala palibe madontho a magazi ndi khungu lililonse pakhungu. Thupi liyenera kuyima mwamphamvu, ndipo ziboda zikhale ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri.
Chotsatira, yang'anani kuluma koyenera. Sizodabwitsa, zambiri zimadalira kuluma, pamene achinyamata omwe akuluma molakwika amadya kwambiri, motero, pang'onopang'ono akulemera. 
Ganizirani khalidwe. Nkhumba ziyenera kukhala zamoyo, kusuntha, kudya ndi kumwa madzi. Nyama yathanzi sayenera kugona kapena kugona nthawi zonse, choncho samverani izi kapena pemphani wogulitsa kuti agule nkhumba kuti ifike.
Timayesa kusankha. Nsalu ndi mkodzo ziyenera kupita mfulu. Zamadzimadzi wathanzi wothira mtundu wa udzu.
Pambuyo pake, tiyenera kuyerekezera chitukuko ndi zaka. Nkhumba siziyenera kukhala zazikulu kapena zazing'ono, zomwe zidzasonyeze zopotoka. Onetsetsani kuti kupuma kwafupipafupi, komwe kumayenera kukhala mpaka 90 pa mphindi. Kupuma kambiri kawirikawiri kumasonyeza matenda a mapapu.
Ndikofunikira! Mulimonsemo musagule nyama zinyama zomwe zimatsokomola ndi kuwomba. Izi zimasonyeza matenda a mapapo.
Izi ziyenera kumveka kuti ogulitsa osalungama adzatuluka mwa njira zonse, akunena kuti zonsezi zidzadutsa, nyengo sizomwezo, nkhawa ndi zina zotero. Musayesedwe "kutsogoleredwa" ku chinyengo chotere, chifukwa mankhwala abwino samasowa zifukwa. 
Zomwe amangidwa
Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kusamalira pamene kusunga Pietrain ndi kutentha ndi chinyezi.
Musaganize kuti nkhumba izi zidzalolera kuzizira, monga zoweta. Amafunikira kutentha mkati 17-28 ° C. Ngati kuli kuzizira mu nkhumba, nyama zimakhala ozizira. Ngati kutentha kwambiri, kutentha kwa mphepo.
Musaiwale kuti kupezeka kwa mpweya wabwino ndikofunikira kuti pigsty isakhale yonyowa pokhala ndi bowa zina. Kusanyalanyaza lamuloli, mudzakhala ndi nkhumba zofooka zomwe zidzapatsidwa "matenda" a mapapo osiyanasiyana.
Pofuna kutentha kutentha, m'pofunikira kupanga kusungunula kunja kapena mkati pogwiritsa ntchito chithovu chilichonse. Mpweya wabwino usayambe kujambula, koma bwino kupereka chipinda ndi mpweya wabwino.
Ndikofunikira! Yang'anani kutentha kwa chilimwe, chifukwa ndi kosavuta kutenthetsa chipinda kusiyana ndi kuzizira.
Kusamalira nyama
Chisamaliro ndi malo omwe amasungidwa nthawi zonse, omwe nthawi zonse ayenera kukhala owuma. Udzu kapena udzu ndi gwero la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nthawi zonse yeretsani akasinja a madzi ndi nkhokwe zomwe chakudyacho chikugwiritsidwa ntchito. 
Kuwonjezera apo, nkhumba zimafunika kufufuzidwa kuti zikhalepo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi matenda, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuchita, pamene tikuyenda mu aviary. Mukhozanso kuyesa kulemera kwa kulemera kuti muwerengetse nthawi yophera.
M'nyengo ya chilimwe, kutentha kumangothamanga, zomwe zimatuluka zimakhala zosamba pa firiji, zomwe zidzakonzere nkhumba ndi kuthetsa ziphuphu zomwe zingatheke.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati nyama ikuzunzidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa khungu, ndiye kuti muthamanga mungathe kukhala ngati kusamba ndi phulusa. Nkhumba "zidzasamba" mmenemo, kuchotsa alendo osalandiridwa.
Kudyetsa chakudya
Kuchokera pa zakudya zimadalira ngati mumapeza nyama zambiri kapena ayi, momwe zidzasamalire komanso momwe zimapindulira thupi lanu.
Zinyama zikuluzikulu zimadyetsedwa zakudya zapamwamba zokhudzana ndi kalori zomwe zimapereka phindu lolemera tsiku ndi tsiku, monga:
- shuga beet;
- chimanga;
- nyemba (osati masamba, koma mbewu);
- chakudya;
- zotsalira kuchokera pa tebulo (zokhazokha, zopanda zokometsera ndi zala).
Komanso, zakudyazo zikhale zodzaza ndi mavitamini ndi ma microelements, omwe angapezeke mwa kugula zakudya zothandizira.
Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti Pietrain sangadye mopitirira muyeso, chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri kudzayamba, kotero tiyeni tidyetse monga momwe nyama ingadye. Pankhaniyi, samalani kuti chakudya chamatsala, chotsani zochulukirapo. 
Musaiwale za kudyetsa achinyamata, omwe "mayi" sangathe kupereka mkaka wokwanira.
Pa tsiku lachiwiri atabadwa, nkhumba zimapatsidwa madzi oyera komanso mchere wambiri. Pa tsiku lachitatu - mkaka wa ng'ombe (zokhazokha, zopanda kugula). Pamene anyamata ali sabata imodzi, mukhoza kupereka phala kuchokera ku oat. Pambuyo pa milungu iwiri timapereka udzu wamagazi (mwatsopano, osati wotsutsa).
Kuyambira pa 11 mpaka 14 tsiku timadyetsa kaloti watsopano. Ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito chakudya, koma mitundu ya tebulo. Kuyambira masiku 15 mpaka 19 timagwiritsa ntchito beets wophika, wothira grat. Kuchokera tsiku la 20 timayamba kupereka udzu wouma, komanso kuchokera ku 25 - mbatata yophika. Kenaka pitani pang'onopang'ono ku chakudya cha "wamkulu," ndikuganizira za kukula kwa achinyamata.
Ndikofunikira! M'masitolo apadera mungagule zokolola za mkaka kuchokera kubzala, zomwe zingathandize kudyetsa mkanjo mu banja loyambirira.
Matenda: kupewa ndi kuchiza
Matenda a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda akhoza "kupereka mphotho" zodwala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Kenako tidzakambirana za zomwe muyenera kukonzekera pamene mukukula Pietren. 
Peptic ulcer matenda. Zikuwoneka pa ziweto zazing'ono, zomwe zinayamba kudya mofulumira kwambiri, zogwirizana ndi nkhumba zazikulu. Zizindikiro: kusanza, zosungiramo chakudya m'zinyalala, kukana chakudya. Amatengedwa ndi kudzipatula kwa zinyama zina, kuti muthe kudya tsiku ndi tsiku ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Gastroenteritis. Amapezeka nyama zinyama panthawi yomwe amayamba kupereka chakudya "wamkulu". Kulankhula mwachidule, izi zimakhudza chakudya cha nkhumba wamkulu. Zizindikiro: malungo, kusanza, madzi oundana, osauka. Amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, pambuyo pake muyenera kudyetsa madzi amadzimadzi. Ngati zina zonse zikulephera, timapita kwa veterinarian kuti tikapereke mankhwala opha tizilombo.
Werengani za matenda a nkhumba: mliri waku Africa, parakeratosis, pasteurellosis.
Bronchitis. Matenda odziwika omwe amagwirizana ndi hypothermia ndi ma drafts. Zizindikiro: kutentha thupi, kutuluka m'mphuno (ntchentche), kukana chakudya. Poyamba, muyenera kutumiza nyama ku chipinda chotentha, kuziwotha. Komanso, maantibayotiki, streptocide ndi ammonium chloride amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Palinso matenda omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa pakhomo, choncho ngati nyama zanu zili ndi magazi mwazifukwa zosadziwika, kutentha kwawonjezeka, zilonda za thupi kapena ziphuphu zinawonekera - kuyitanitsa vet yomweyo kuti apulumutse nyama.
Mukudziwa? Wotchuka kwambiri ndi wobadwira pakati pa mitundu ya nyama ya nkhumba ndi malo otsetsereka ndi mitundu ya nyama yankhumba ya Estonia.
Kulera
Poyambirira, nkoyenera kuonetsetsa kuti nkhumbazo ndi zathanzi, mwinamwake ziweto zonse zidzafa. Fufuzani momwe matenda a pigsty aliri, omwe thanzi lawo limakhalapo ndi thanzi lawo. 
Ndi bwino kuwoloka Pietrain ndi mitundu ina kuti mukhale ndi makhalidwe abwino. Nkhumba ndi nkhumba za Duroc zimakhala ndi ubwino wa nyama, komanso zimakhala ndi zinyama zokhazikika, kukula kwakukulu komanso kuchuluka kwa kulemera.
Ndi bwino kuyesa njira ziwiri, kupereka masiku awiri izi zisanachitike pofuna "kudziwana" kwa makolo amtsogolo. Pambuyo pa umuna umachitika, zofesedwa zimapangidwa ndibwino kwambiri ndipo zimapatsidwa zakudya zowonjezera mapuloteni. Muyeneranso kutenga nkhumba kuti muyende m'khola, kuti miyendo isayende.
Pambuyo pa kubadwa, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala. Ngati ena mwa iwo anabadwira ofooka - kunyamula ndi namwino m'malo otentha pogwiritsa ntchito chakudya chapamwamba. Udindo wamphamvu ukhoza kusiya amayi.
Tsopano mukudziwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitsamba ziweto zazing'ono. Komabe, mtunduwu, ngakhale wosadziwika ndi kudzichepetsa, umathandiza kuti munthu akhale ndi chakudya chokoma komanso chopatsa thanzi, chomwe chimapambana kwambiri kuposa mtundu wa nkhumba za nkhumba. Chonde dziwani kuti zomwe akufotokozerazi ndizofunikira, ndipo kusamvera kwawo kumapangitsa kuti zinyama ziwonongeke.
