Zoonadi mumakhala mutamva mawu akuti: "Zonse zili mnyumba ndi zothandiza," ndipo ndiyenera kunena kuti awa si mawu okha. Makamaka, mutabzala mbewu za m'munda ndi kusamalira zomera, mosakayika mudzafunikira zipangizo zomwe zimapezeka mu makiti ambiri othandizira pakhomo. Ngati simukuganiziranso kugwiritsa ntchito boric acid kapena hydrogen peroxide m'munda ndi m'munda, ndiye nkhaniyi ndi yanu.
Iodini
Timakonda kugwiritsa ntchito chida ichi pochiza mabala komanso nthawi zina panthawi yopuma, koma makamaka malo omwe angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ochuluka. Popeza kuti ayodini ndi mankhwala osakanikirana bwino, tingaganize kuti ntchito yake ikugwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, makamaka, ndi zowola. 
Wokonzekera yankho, wopangidwa ndi 5-10 madontho a mankhwalawa, kuchepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi, mokhulupirika amateteza strawberries ndi strawberries ku matenda, ngati inu spray izo ndi chifukwa madzi mpaka woyamba florets kuonekera. Kupewa koteroko kuyenera kuchitidwa pakati pawiri kapena katatu pa nyengo, kusunga pang'ono kwa masiku khumi. 
Kuthetsa dontho limodzi la ayodini mu malita atatu a madzi, mukhoza kuwonjezeka mosavuta ndi zokolola za mbewu ndi kukula kwa tomato wamkulu, ndipo zonse zomwe mukuyenera kuchita ndi kutsanulira mbande ndi chisakanizo. Pambuyo pakuwapatsira iwo panthaka yotseguka, mukhoza kuwonjezera madzi madzi ndi chisakanizo cha madzi ndi ayodini: pali madontho atatu okha pa chidebe. Njirayi imatsanuliridwa mu nthaka pamtunda wa 1 l pa chitsamba chimodzi.
Mukasakaniza 10 malita a madzi ndi madontho 40 a ayodini ndikuwonjezera supuni ya peroxide, mudzalandira chisakanizo chomwe chimateteza tchire kuchokera ku ubiquitous phytophthora. Ndipo ngati muwonjezera pa malita 10 a madzi 10-12 madontho a ayodini ndi lita imodzi ya mkaka wa nonfat, mudzakhala ndi yankho motsutsana ndi powdery powdery mildew amene amakhala pa nkhaka. Kuwonjezera apo, madzi ofiira awa ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amapangidwa kuti ateteze maonekedwe achikasu ndi kuyanika, komanso kuti abwezeretse kuwonongeka kwa zomera zina.
Zelenka
Mofanana ndi ayodini, zobiriwira zobiriwira zimakonda kwambiri tizilombo toyambitsa matendaomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mabala. Komabe, ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mmunda, chifukwa, monga anthu, zomera zimafuna kuteteza matenda owonongeka (mmalo mwa msilikali wamunda). Mwachitsanzo, ngati paulendo mutengapo chipatso cha zipatso za dzungu, ndiye kuti kugwiritsa ntchito njira yobiriwira kumalo kumeneku kungakuthandizenso kuwonjezera pa alumali moyo wa mbewu. 
Zelenka imathandizanso kuthetsa (kapena kupewa) phytophthora ndi powdery mildew pa nkhaka ndi tomato: madontho 40 a mankhwalawa ayenera kuchepetsedwa mu chidebe chimodzi cha madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti musadetse mankhwala awa ponyamula pang'onopang'ono muyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito, mungathe kutsanulira zomwe zili mu botolo mu lita imodzi yamadzi, kenako pang'onopang'ono muzitsanulira kuchokera mu chidebe mumtsuko, monga akunena, "ndi diso".
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, njira yofooka yotereyi idzapangitsa kuti zipatso za zipatso zamatcheri zikhale bwino, ndipo mankhwala a tubers ndi maluwa atatulutsa malo owonongeka ndi zowola adzatalikitsa kusungirako.
Ngati mutenga chobiriwira chobiriwira (botolo limodzi mu chidebe cha madzi) ndi mbewu zomwe zasankhidwa ndi slugs, zidzakuthandizani kulimbana ndi matendawa.
Potaziyamu permanganate
Ngati mankhwala ochepa ochepawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa onse, njira yothetsera potassium permanganate imadziŵika bwino ndi anthu ambiri a chilimwe. Osachepera mukhoza kulimbana ndi mbewu Zomera zofesedwa musanabzala (0,5 g wa mankhwala pa 100 ml ya madzi okwanira), zomwe zidzakuthandizani kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe alipo nthawi zambiri m'nyengo yozizira. 
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumapangitsa kuti tizilombo tomwe timapanga mbewu, komanso kuti tipange feteleza zabwino (zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa currants, raspberries, gooseberries ndi mbewu zina zofanana kumayambiriro kwa masika) zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku njira yothetsera (pakali pano, okwanira 10 malita a potaziyamu permanganate) boric acid (pinch yaying'ono). Kuonjezerapo, njirayi yothetsera vutoli ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kudyetsa mbewu zomwe zimakula pamtunda. 
Ngati mutha kusungunula supuni 2 za mankhwala mu malita khumi omwewo a madzi, ndiye kuti zotsatirazi zidzakuthandizani kupulumutsa strawberries kuwonongeka imvi zowola: muyenera kungopopera nthawi yomweyo.
Mu njira yothetsera bwino ya potaziyamu permanganate (madzi ayenera kuyang'ana mdima wonyezimira), mbatata za tubatata (musanayambe kubzala) ndi zomera zina zimanyowa musanazisungire. Kuchita izi kudzawateteza ku chiwembu cha wireworm ndi kuwuzidwa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Dothi lochepa kuchokera ku potaziyamu permanganate amathiridwa ndi madzi kwa mbande, komanso amachotsa zitsulo zomwe zidzakula (makapu kapena mabokosi). Kupewa matenda kumaphatikizapo kukonzanso zomwe zimapangidwa ndi malo obiriwira.
Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, chifukwa ngati mutapitirira ndi potaziyamu permanganate, kuchuluka kwake m'nthaka kudzakhudza kwambiri kukula ndi kukula kwa mbewu.
Boric acid
Ngati muli ndi mavuto ndi zipatso, boric acid ingakuthandizeni. Ndi 2 g yokha ya mankhwala, kuchepetsedwa mu theka la lita imodzi ya madzi, ndiyeno kubweretsa ndalama zofunikira ndi malita khumi a madzi, zidzapereka kwambiri mapangidwe a ovary pambuyo kupopera mbewu. Kuonjezerapo, zotsatira zake zimathandiza kupewa zukini kuvunda ndi kulola tomato kuti athe kupirira mosavuta kutentha. 
Ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate, monga tanenera pamwambapa, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya kumayambiriro kwa masika. Zidzakhudza kwambiri zokolola, komanso zidzakulitsa kukoma kwa zipatso.
Pogwiritsira ntchito boric acid monga gawo la zakudya zowonjezera, mukhoza kuthira mbeu musanaikemo. Pochita izi, timapepala tating'onoting'ono ta anyezi timayenera kudzazidwa ndi lita imodzi ya madzi otentha komanso yankho la phulusa lomwe linakonzeratu pasadakhale mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1 chikuwonjezeredwa. Kwa lita imodzi ya osakaniza anawonjezera 1 g ya potaziyamu permanganate, 5 g wamba soda ndi 0.1-0.3 g wa boric acid.
Hyrojeni peroxide
N'zotheka kukwaniritsa mbewu zowonongeka mofulumira kwambiri pothandizidwa ndi hydrogen peroxide: zikagwiritsidwa ntchito, mbeu ya kabichi imayambitsidwa mu 4% yothetsera theka la tsiku, tomato ndi beet - kwa maola 24. Komanso, chida ichi n'choyenera monga potassium permanganate. kuperewera kwa mbewu. Muyenera kuchepetsa mbeuyi mu chisakanizo cha wothandizidwa (10%) ndi madzi, mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1, gwirani kwa maminiti makumi awiri ndikutsuka ndi kuuma bwino. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zomera zosiyanasiyana m'munda ndi m'munda. 
Mankhwala a hydrogen peroxide ndi abwino kwambiri poika karoti ndi mbewu za parsley, ngakhale nkhaka zimayankha bwino zomwe zikuchitika. Zonsezi sizifulumira kumera, komanso zimakhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu, chomwe chimapindulitsa kwambiri m'tsogolo.
Pofuna kuteteza tomato kuyambira mochedwa kwambiri, ayenera kupatsidwa mankhwala osakaniza a malita 10 a madzi, madontho makumi anai a tidture a ayodini ndi supuni imodzi ya hydrogen peroxide. Njira yomalizidwa ndi yabwino kwambiri prophylactic agent.
Amoniya
Ammonia akhoza kutchedwa chilengedwe chonsechifukwa sikuti zimadyetsa zomera zokha, zimathandizira kuti ziwonjezeke, koma zimathandizanso kuchotsa tizirombo zambiri m'munda ndi m'munda, zomwe muyenera kuthirira madzi ndi mabedi kamodzi pa sabata (supuni imodzi ya salt ammonia iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chidebe chimodzi cha madzi). 
Ngati mitengo ikuluikulu m'munda wanu imayambidwa ndi aphid, ndiye madzi osakaniza (chidebe chimodzi), supuni ziwiri za ammonia ndi supuni imodzi ya shampo kapena sopo madzi amathandizira kuchotsa, zomwe zidzakuthandizani kumangiriza.
Ndikofunikira! Kwa nthawi yaitali kuteteza kwa ammonia fungo mwamsanga mutatha kuthirira ndikofunika kutchera dziko lapansi.Mankhwalawa ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira polimbana ndi nyerere, komanso ntchentche anyezi ndi karoti. Pachiyambi choyamba, malo osungiramo anthu ochepa amamwetsamo madzi okwanira 100 ml ya ammonia ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre, ndipo m'malo mwake - zomera zimatulutsidwa ndi madzi ammonia (1 ml okwanira).
Pezani njira zina zomwe mungathe kuchotsera nyerere mu wowonjezera kutentha komanso pa tsamba.
Zidzakhala zothandiza kutenga ammonia ndi inu komanso chikhalidwe, chifukwa, mutapopera malowa pafupi ndi malo opumulira, mudzathamangitsa udzudzu ndi midge kuchokera pamenepo.
Aspirin
Chida ichi chimathandiza kuthetsa bwino mutu, ndipo nthawi zina amatetezera, kukupulumutsani kuoneka kwa tizirombo ku dacha. M'mawu ophweka a ntchitoyi, mungagwiritse ntchito mapiritsi kuteteza dothi loipa (piritsi imodzi imadzipiritsidwa m'madzi okwanira 1), kuchitira zomera, kulimbikitsa kukula ndi chitukuko.
Makamaka mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira mbewu kumayambiriro oyamba a matenda a fungus (nthaka pansi pa chomera imathirira madzi ndi njira yomwe yatsimikiziridwa) komanso kuteteza maluwa ku matenda ambiri (1/4 piritsi amachepetsedwa m'matita awiri a madzi). 
Kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa mbewu za horticultural, aspirin imadzipiritsidwa peresenti ya mapiritsi 0,5 pa 2 malita a madzi, pambuyo pake tchire ndi mitengo imathiriridwa ndi zotsatira zake.
Kwa chilimwe, mankhwalawa amathandizanso ngati tizilombo toyamwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa ngati muphwanya mapiritsi ndikusakaniza ndi madzi pang'ono musanayambe kuyamwa, zidzakuthandizani kudyetsa ndi kuchiza zilonda mofulumira.
Mukudziwa? Asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti aspirin imathandiza kupewa matenda ena a khansa komanso kumathandiza kuthana ndi mavuto omwe alipo kale (mwachitsanzo, amachititsa kuti odwala ali ndi khansara). Pa nthawi yomweyi, zotsatira zake pa amai ndi zofooka kuposa zomwe zimakhudza amuna.
Sakanizani
Kwenikweni, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mmunda popewera phytophthora pa tomato ndi mankhwala a matenda a fungal. Kawirikawiri, piritsi imodzi yokha ya mankhwala imasungunuka mu madzi okwanira 1, kenako kenako imathiriridwa kapena kuthiridwa pa zomera. 
Kuchita ndondomeko ya milungu iwiri iliyonse, mudzaiwala za vuto la kuchepa kwa tomato.
Ngati matendawa amatha kufika poyambitsa matendawa, ndiye kuti mlingo wa mankhwalawo umatha kuwonjezereka: osati mapiritsi khumi amatenga madzi okwanira 10 malita, koma 20. Zotsatirazi zimayenera kuponyedwa kamodzi pa masiku khumi, koma ngati atangotha nthawi yomweyo Popeza mankhwalawa amvula, ndiye kuti ndondomeko iyenera kubwerezedwa. Trichopolum ndizowawa kwambiri mu kulawa, ndipo chifukwa cha zomwe zimachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Tar tar ndi sulfure tar tar
Sopo zonsezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zowonjezera ku zitsamba zam'madzi ndi mitsempha kuti ziwathandize kuthana ndi tizirombo m'madera akumidzi. Komanso, kununkhira kwa zinthu zotere kumadzudzula tizilombo tosiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, njira yothetsera sulfure-phula imathandiza kuti musagwirizane ndi peyala). 
Sopo ya Tar imaphatikizidwanso mu zakumwa za mowa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'munda ndi m'munda. Mukhoza kukonzekera pakumwa masupuni awiri a sopo ndi madzi pa lita imodzi ya madzi (sopo sanagwiritsidwe ntchito) ndi supuni 1-2 za mowa watsopano. Ndi kubwereza mobwerezabwereza mankhwala oterowo, mungaiwale za kutha kwa tizirombo.
Phunzirani zambiri za katundu ndi ntchito m'munda ndi munda wa sopo wobiriwira.
Sopo lachapa zovala
Sopo (72%) wamba amafanana kwambiri (poyerekezera ndi malemba oyambirira), koma alibe fungo lamtundu wotere, ndipo mbali yaikulu ya barbar imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zomatira popanga njira zothetsera tizilombo. 
Sopo yotsuka zovala kumapangitsa kuti wettability malo opanga ndi njira zothetsera mankhwala apadera (mankhwala ophera tizilombo). Ngati pali nsabwe za m'masamba ambiri omwe amapezeka m'munda, ndiye kuti 1.5% ya mankhwalawa amathandizira kulimbana nawo, ndipo ngati akadakonzedwa pang'ono, atha kukonza zitsamba.
Mukudziwa? Mbiri ya sopo yamakono inayamba zaka zoposa 6,000 zapitazo, koma ku Russia idagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Peter I. Zosangalatsa zoterozo sizinali kupezeka kwa osauka, ndipo oimira ake adasamba okha ndi mbatata zophika kapena phulusa.
Ndiyenera kunena kuti mapepala omwe sanagwiritsidwe ntchito angapangitse kuti 100% azigwira bwino ntchito yanu, koma mwa kuzigwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha, mutha kusankha nokha njira yabwino kwambiri yosamalira zomera m'nyumba yachisanu.
