Momwe mungapangire gabions ndi manja anu

M'mapangidwe amasiku ano, njira zatsopano komanso njira zatsopano zimakongoletsera bwalo la nyumba yachisanu. Panthawiyi, gabions ndi otchuka kwambiri, omwe akongoletsera masewera amagwiritsa ntchito osati zokongoletsera zokha, komanso ngati chinthu chomwe chili ndi cholinga. Zikuwoneka kuti chinthu chokongoletsera sichingakhoze kupangidwa ndi dzanja, chifukwa ndilo dongosolo lovuta lomwe limafuna kuti zolondola ndi zolakwika. Koma zenizeni, palibe chovuta ku gabions, kotero tiwone zomwe zili, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe zingakhalire kunyumba.

Zamkatimu:

• Zosiyanasiyana
• Chomwe chimapangidwa chimango
• Kodi mungadzaze chiyani?
• Malo
• Zida ndi zipangizo za ntchito
• Ndondomeko yopanga ndi kuyimitsa njira
• Malangizo othandiza

Kodi gabions ndi cholinga chawo ndi chiyani?

Gabions amatchedwa zitsulo zamatabwa zamtengo wapatali zodzazidwa ndi miyala kapena miyala. Gabions amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• kulimbikitsa matupi a madzi, monga mtsinje, dziwe, etc;
• kulenga zothandizira kuteteza kutsetsereka kugwa;
• kukonza ngalande za mtsinje;
• kutetezedwa kwa dothi ku kutentha kwa nthaka, komanso kuchokera ku zochitika za m'madzi;
• thandizo;
• malo okongoletsera a kumidzi ya kumidzi ndi malo osangalatsa;
• kumanga mipanda ndi mipanda;
• chitetezeni malo kuchokera ku mphepo.

Mukudziwa? Gabions, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito yokongoletsa bwalo, adakonzedwa kuti apange zida zoteteza panthawi ya nkhondo.

Zosiyanasiyana

Gabions amasiyana mu kukula ndi cholinga. Kuika kwawo sikufuna kuti mazikowo akhazikitsidwe.

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu mu gabions ndi mawonekedwe, omwe ndi:

• zofanana ndi bokosi. Ngati tilingalira kukula kwa zomangamanga, ndiye mtundu uwu wamapangidwe wapangidwa ndi mauna kapena odulidwa kuchokera ku nthambi. Mtundu uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa malo kapena gawo la zosangalatsa;

• apulumu kapena mateti. Nyumbazi ndizochepa kwambiri. Mankhwala a amphasa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba zambiri, kulimbikitsa mabanki a dziwe kapena malo otsetsereka;

• cylindrical. Mtundu uwu ukukonzekera kulenga zothandizira kuti apange mipando yamaluwa kapena ngati zinthu zosiyana;

• kusasamala. Sikofunikira kutsatira ndondomeko ya banal, yomwe kale imadziwika bwino, imatha kukhala ndi chinthu chapadera, chokhachokha, chomwe palibe wina aliyense angachipeze, ndi kuchibweretsa icho.

Chomwe chimapangidwa chimango

Makampani amachita kupanga gabions, kawirikawiri amagwiritsa ntchito waya wothandizidwa kukhala ndi mipiringidzo m'dera la 250-280 g / sq. M. Mng'alu wochuluka kwambiri: sungathe kufanana ndi "nthiti" zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga mipanda yosiyanasiyana. Komanso, waya m'malo mwazitsulo angakhale ndi mapuloteni a PVC ndipo amakhala awiri mpaka 6 mm. Zida zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu izi ziyenera kukhala zolimba kwambiri kuti zithe kupirira katundu wolemetsa podzazidwa ndi katundu wambiri, kotero zimapangidwira mu njira, zomwe zimatanthauza kuthamanga kwapadera kawiri.

Ndikofunikira! Meshoniyo imayenera kukhala ndi maselo ngati ma polygoni nthawi zonse kuti gabion agwire bwino ndi kukhalitsa.

Kodi mungadzaze chiyani?

Kusankha kudzaza kumadalira kukula kwa chithunzi kotero kuti sichidutsa mumaselo ndi mabowo mu galasi, komanso komwe mukufuna kukonza. Chojambula cha gabion chikhoza kudzazidwa ndi mwala wamtengo wapatali kapena mwala wachilengedwe.

Panthawiyi Malo otchuka kwambiri ndi miyala yamapiri ya miyala yolimba.monga:

• granite;
• quartzite;
• basalt;
• diorite.

Zowonjezereka, koma zosachepera zocheperako ndi mchenga.

Kuchokera ku miyala ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana m'dzikolo mungathe kupanga maonekedwe okongola: mtsinje wouma, mitsinje yozungulira, mzere wozungulira.

Mungagwiritse ntchito pozaza nyumba zamitundu yonse ya miyala yomwe ikulimbana ndi chisanu cholimba komanso champhamvu mokwanira.

Ngati mukukumanga gabions kuti mukongoletse ziwembu, ndiye cholinga ichi zipangizo zinamonga:

• galasi;
• kudula mitengo;
• zidutswa za mapaipi;
• matalala osweka;
• njerwa;
• miyala yopangira;
• crushed konkire.

Ngati mukufuna kuti gabions aphatikizidwe ndi malo akumeneko, ndikulimbikitseni kuwadzaza ndi miyala yachilengedwe yomwe ikugwirizana ndi dera lanu. Mwachitsanzo, miyala yayikulu, miyala yowonongeka, miyala yozungulira imakhala yoyenera monga kudzaza zachilengedwe. Ngati mutasankha bwino mazenera, zidzakuthandizani kumaliza chithunzichi kuti zinthu zonse zikhale pamodzi mogwirizana.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati mukufuna kutsindika, kuonetsa kapena kumvetsera gabion wanu, ndiye muyenera kusamalira udzu kapena kuika phasi kumbali zonse za dongosololo.

Malo

Poganizira kuti gabions akhala otchuka kwambiri pakukongoletsera malo, ndikofunikira kusankha momwe mungayankhire ngati mukufuna kukongoletsa bwalo lanu. Posankha malo, m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti ziwalo zoterezi zimawoneka zovuta komanso zovuta, kotero muyenera kusamalira maluwa ndi zomera zomwe mungathe kuziyeretsa.

Mukhozanso kupanga mabedi a gabions, kuti azikongoletsa pakhomo panthawi imodzi, ndikukonzekanso mapangidwe akale a malo. Gabions akhoza kuikidwa m'gawo ngati mipanda kapena magawo. Komanso, nyumbazi zimalimbikitsa mapiri kuti asagwe.

Malo ogwiritsira ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mapaki, masewera ochitira masewera, omwe amawoneka ngati mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a nyama, zojambulajambula kapena ziwerengero zokhazokha.

Kawirikawiri amakongoletsa ndi mabomba a gabions kapena amawaika pafupi ndi malo osungirako zida. Gabions angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati dongosolo la malo opuma, kumene angapereke tebulo limene lingadzazidwe ndi mwala uliwonse, ndi kuzungulira kumanga mafelemu apakati omwe amakhala ngati mipando.

N'zosavuta kupanga chida cha dacha chilimbikitso komanso mpumulo wopuma: kumanga gazebo, pergola kapena benchi pa izo, komanso kuzikongoletsa ndi zida zopangidwa ndi manja.

Nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuteteza kuteteza kutentha.

Ngakhale kuti zomangamanga zimakhala zokwanira, miyala yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gabions ili ndi malo pakati pawo pomwe madzi amatha, kutetezera kuwonjezeka kwa gazebo ndi kutentha.

Zida ndi zipangizo za ntchito

Zida ndi zipangizo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pomanga gabion:

1. Kwambiri yokhazikika osakanizidwa mauna. Kusankhidwa kwake kumadalira kukula kwa kapangidwe ka: gabion wochuluka kwambiri, meshitiyo idzakhala yamphamvu kwambiri. Tsopano iwo amapanga gulu lapadera la nyumba zoterezi, zomwe zimakhala ndi maselo osokoneza bongo, koma mukhoza kugula galasi yowonongeka, yomwe ili ndi maselo angapo.
2. Komanso nthawi zina nyumba zimagwiritsa ntchito kalulu, koma zimayenera kukumbukira kuti kumanga koteroko sikungakutumikireni kwa nthawi yaitali.
3. Zitsulo zamagetsi kapena zofunikira, zomwe zimafunika kuti zikhazikike. Ayenera kusankhidwa pansi pa chimango chomwecho, mwachitsanzo, chogulitsidwa, kuti matumikiwo asapsere msanga, ndipo chiwonongeko sichigwa.
4. Mafilimu wakuda, mchenga kapena geotextile kuti awathandize.
5. Mabokosi, miyala, njerwa yosweka kapena malingaliro ena onse, omwe akukonzekera kudzaza chimango.
6. Zida, ngati mukufuna kukonza nyumba yaikulu - osati zofunikira.
7. Zida, mapepala, tepi.

Ndondomeko yopanga ndi kuyimitsa njira

Kuti mudziwe momwe mungapangire apamwamba gabions, muyenera kuyamba kaye kumangidwe kakang'ono, mwachitsanzo, kumanga bedi lamaluwa. Taganizirani za gabion monga chipangizo chokongoletsera maluwa pachitsanzo cha maluwa a maluwa, komanso zipangizo zamakono zopangira zithunzi.

Mukudziwa? Liwu lakuti "gabion" ndi Chifalansa, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Aspanya, ndipo liri ndi kumasulira kwenikweni kwa "gasiketi lalikulu".

Ndondomeko ya momwe mungapangire gabion ndi manja anu:

1. Tsimikizani momwe zidzakhalira. Ngati mukukonzekera kumanga munda wamaluwa ochepa, kudzakhala masentimita 30 zokwanira. Kuti pakhale kuphweka, msinkhu uyenera kuyesedwa chimodzimodzi, kuti chotsatira chikhale chimango cha 30 ndi 30 cm.
2. Chophimba, chimene chidzamangidwa, chiyenera kuikidwa ndi chidutswa (masentimita 40 cm). M'madera ano nkofunika kuti muyambe kuyanjana bwino.
3. Kuti namsongole ndi masamba a flowerbeds asapunthane pakati pa miyalayi, mazikowo ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi geotextile, yomwe iyenera kuikidwa pang'ono kusiyana ndi momwe zidzakhalire.

4. Dulani galasi lopeza mu 30 cm, ndi kutalika - malingana ndi kutalika kwa mpanda wokonzera maluwa. Mbali iliyonse idzafuna 4 kuyika ndi ma square awiri kuti atseke. Kapangidwe kameneka kakhoza kutseka mbali imodzi ya bedi la maluwa: motero, pofuna kuteteza bedi lamaluwa, 4 mabokosi amafunika.

5. Tsopano, pamene workpiece yadulidwa, muyenera kupita ku msonkhano wa dongosololo. Kuti muchite izi, yikani mzere umodzi pansi, kenako muike makomawo wina ndi mzake ndikugwirizanitsa ndi zitsulo kapena waya. Gwiritsani ntchito njirayi kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe abwino. Chotsani mbali yowonjezera ya kukaniza ndi mapiritsi.

6. Mofananamo, onetsetsani mapeto a dongosololo. Siyani gawo lapamwamba lotseguka pa siteji iyi.
7. Mukamanga mabokosi onse 4, mukhoza kuyamba kuwaza. Kuti muchite izi, pitani kugona ndikugwedeza mosamala bokosi kuti miyala ikhale yoyenera pamodzi. Pambuyo podzaza mabokosi onse, mukhoza kuika kumtunda.

8. Zokongoletsera, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mopitirira malire, zimalimbikitsa kukongoletsa ndi miyala yochepa kapena zinthu zina zokongola.

Phunzirani kupanga bedi lokongola la matayala ndi miyala.

Malangizo othandiza

Kuti mukhale kosavuta kuti mumange gabion nokha, tikulimbikitsani kuti mudzidziwe nokha zolemba zothandiza:

1. Pamene gabions amamangidwa mokwanira, m'pofunika kupereka zipinda zingapo zomwe zingathandize kuti zinthu zisawonongeke kuchokera pamakoma a galasi panthawi yosakaniza.
2. Mukamanga makonde amodzi, ayenera kukhala ogwirizana ndi monolith ndi waya. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kumvetsera mtundu wa waya, kotero kuti chimango chomwecho chimapangidwanso mofanana ndi zinthu zolimbitsa. Ngati mutasankha mtengo wotsika mtengo, mungathe kuyambitsa chiwonetsero cha kapangidwe kake, komanso kuwonongeka kwake mofulumira.
3. Ngati akukonzekera kupanga mapangidwe a pamwamba, ndiye kuti iyenera kudzazidwa ndi miyala kotero kuti kukula kwake kumadutsa maselo mu galasi ndi gawo lachitatu.
4. Ngati chimangidwe chili pansi pa madzi, ndiye kuti mwalawo uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu, kotero kuti ndi theka lalikulu ngati selo mu galasi.

Choncho, sizidzakhala zovuta kumanga gabion kunyumba, chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira malangizo ndi ndondomeko za ntchitoyo.