Cherry ndi imodzi mwa mitengo yamba. Amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa komanso nyengo yofunda, koma amatha kuima mizu ina. Ngati mutatsata malangizi othandizira kukonza mtengo, sizomwe mungachite kuti mukolole. Ndikofunika kwambiri kutsatira malamulo a wamaluwa omwe amakhala kudera lomwe kuli nyengo yovuta. Kodi n'zotheka kukula yamatcheri ku Siberia, kulima ndi kusamalira?
Kodi n'zotheka kukula yamatcheri ku Siberia?
Monga momwe zimadziwira, nyengo ya ku Siberia ndi yaikulu, koma n'zotheka kukula mtengo wa chitumbuwa. Sankhani kubzala mbeu iliyonse ndikumupatsa zofunika. 
Kulima yamatcheri ochokera ku Ulaya mbali ya dziko la Siberia sichidzapambana mphoto. Mwinamwake, njirayi idzatha ndi kuzizira.
Kwa gawo ili, obereketsa anasankha munthu aliyense chitumbuwa mitundu amadziwika ndi mkulu wachisanu hardiness, precocity ndi zokolola. Kukoma kwawo sikuli koipitsitsa kuposa kwa akazi omwe amakhala ndi nyengo yofunda.
Mitundu yotchuka
Cherry assortment ndi yaikulu kwambiri. Choncho, kusankha mitundu yamatcheri komanso kubzala ku Siberia sikokwanira.
Onaninso mitundu yamatcheri monga "Beacon", "Izobilnaya", "Chernokorka", "Morozovka", "Ural Ruby", "Lyubskaya", "Black Large", "Turgenevka".
Zokoma
Kukula mitengo yokoma ndi zipatso zovuta kwambiri. Mitundu yomwe idakonzedwera ku dera la Siberia ndi yaikulu kwambiri ndipo imakhala yabwino. Kuonjezera apo, iwo amadziwika ndi kudzikonda yekha, kutsutsa ndondomeko yowonongeka ndi yotchedwa coccomycous.
Ndikofunikira! Zakudya zabwino zotchedwa cherries zatsalira kuti zikhale hibernate m'chipale chofewa chifukwa chosakwanira kuzizira kwa chisanu.
Mitengo yamatcheri yabwino komanso zipatso zabwino ku Siberia:
- Maphunziro a Altai Oyambirira ndi mitundu yosabala yomwe imatha kutuluka mwamsanga pambuyo pozizira. Frost kusinthitsa msinkhu ndi sing'anga. Mtengo umagonjetsedwa ndi subsidence ndi chilala. Zipatso zoyamba zimayambira kale kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July.
- Kufunidwa - zokoma zosiyanasiyana ndi zokolola zazikulu. Zili m'gulu la mitengo yodzibala. Winter hardiness ndi sing'anga. Zipatso zimabereka kumapeto kwa July.
- Kasmalinka - yotengeka kwambiri yopanga chonde, yomwe imagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu ndi chilala. Zipatso zake zimayembekezeka kumapeto kwa July.
- Kristina ndi zosiyanasiyana ndi nyengo yozizira hardiness. Oimirawo amadziwika kuti ndi ofiira ndi ofunika kwambiri. Zaka khumi zachitatu za July - kuyamba kwa nyengo yakucha.
- Maksimovskaya ndi mtengo wokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ndizokhazikika. Zipatso zoyamba zipsa kumapeto kwa July.
- Subbotinsky, yomwe imadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa kukoma kwabwino mu chipatso, msinkhu wapamwamba wa zokolola ndi kuphweka mukumtumikizanitsa. Fruiting ikuyamba mu July.
- Shadrinskaya ndi yokhazikika, yosagonjetsa, yodzikweza kwambiri. Zimadzikongoletsa bwino kumtumikizanitsa ndikuyamba kubala zipatso pafupi pakati pa mwezi wa August.
Ndi wowawasa
Ngati mukufuna kupeza nyengo yozizira kwambiri komanso yodzichepetsa, muyenera kusankha pakati pa mitundu yomwe zipatso zawo zimakhala zowawa pang'ono. Komabe, panopa, khola la fruiting sayenera kuyembekezera. Zipatso zidzakhala zochepa.
Kujambula kwakukulu ndiko kusakhazikika kwa podcastplevaniyu. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
- Yunivesite imatchula skoroplodny zomera zazing'ono yozizira hardiness. Zipatso zake zili ndi zipangizo zamakono zamakono, mosavuta kusiya mtengo. Cherry mizu mizu.
- Irtyshskaya kuchokera ku gulu lodzikonda lomwe limadziwika liri ndipamwamba kwambiri ya kukana chisanu, zokolola ndi zabwino zamakono katundu wa chipatso.
- Zosintha zimasiyana kwambiri ndi chisanu chotsutsana ndi kukolola. Zipatso zake zimakonzedwa mosavuta m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
- Oyambirira steppe ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu chisanu. Mitengo imapereka zokolola zabwino monga mtundu wa yamatcheri ang'onoang'ono, oyenera kukonza.
Sankhani malo otsika
Mitengo ya mitundu iyi imatha kukula pa nthaka iliyonse. Koma ziyenera kunyamulidwa m'maganizo kuti mpando wa chitumbuwa chitsamba sayenera kupezeka mchere wambiri, wothira ndi peaty nthaka. Apo ayi, zipatso zidzakhala zazing'ono, ndipo kukoma kwawo kudzakhala kochepa kwambiri.
Nthaka iyenera kuyamba kukhala umuna. Ndondomeko yosavuta kwambiri ya nthaka ndi mandimu. Ndi bwino kudzala yamatcheri m'malo otetezedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Pa malo otsetsereka awa kapena kukwera kwina kulikonse.
Momwe mungabzalitsire sapling
Kubzala kumachitika mu dzenje pafupifupi 50 cm chakuya.
Ndikofunikira! Kuya kwa dzenje pansi pa chitumbuwa kumadalira nyengo.Maonekedwe a dzenje ndi osakanikirana: pali mbali yokonda komanso yowonekera. Malo owonongeka a mizu ayenera kukonzedwa. Ikani nyemba pambali ndi mtunda ndipo mutenge mizu pamodzi ndi thunthu lachitatu.
Onetsetsani kuthirira mtengo. Ngati chodzala chachitika mu kugwa, muyenera kuganizira za kusunga chomera.Nthawi
Cherry ingabzalidwe m'dzinja, kufikira mwezi wa October, kapena kasupe - kuyambira April. Pokhala mutagula pulasitiki mu November, khalani okonzeka kuti musamalire musanayambe kubzala m'nthaka. Dziko la Siberia limatha kuchepetsa nyengo.
Nthaŵi yabwino yopangira chitumbuwa ndi yamasika. Amafuna nthawi kuti akule ndi kupeza mphamvu. Apo ayi, sangathe kupulumuka m'nyengo yozizira.
Chikhalidwe chovomerezeka chodzala - nthaka yofunda. Choncho, ndi bwino kubzala sapling pafupi pakati pa mwezi wa April mwamsanga dzuwa litalowa.
Zida
Kubzala yamatcheri m'chaka tiyenera kukonzekera mu kugwa. Gulani mbande zabwino. 
Musanabzala mtengo mutseguka, muyenera kuyang'ana mizu ndikudula malo owonongeka. Magawo akugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito malasha osweka.
Kuonjezerapo, mmera umasowa maola atatu kuti azikhala mu chidebe ndi madzi kuti awongole mizu. M'dzinja, samangotenga yamatcheri okha, komanso amakonzekera nthaka. Nthaka yabwino imayenera kukonzedwa bwino, mchenga, mchenga kapena loamy.
Pangani dothi la acidic ndi ufa wa dolomite kapena laimu. Pambuyo pa njirayi, feteleza angagwiritsidwe ntchito patatha mlungu umodzi.
Kubzala chitumbuwa chitsamba chiyenera kukhala m'malo ozama pansi pa nthaka kuti zisaletse kuvunda kwa rhizomes. Dothi lofukula la masentimita 60 ndi lalikulu masentimita 50 liyenera kukhala ndi mizu yonse.
Musanayike chitumbuwa mmenemo, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza: kilogalamu ya phulusa, chidebe cha mchenga komanso 25 g wa phosidamu chloride. 
Mwana wa chitumbuwa amafunikira thandizo ngati mtengo. Mutabzala, tsitsani mmera ndi madzi ofunda (pafupifupi 25 malita). Mulching pristvolnogo dongo imafuna zipangizo zamtengo wapatali: humus, utuchi, utomoni wabwino.
Ngati mitengo yambiri imabzalidwa kamodzi, chotsani mpata wa mamita atatu kwa aliyense wa iwo. Kodi mungasamalire bwanji chitumbuwa ku Siberia m'chaka?
Chisamaliro cha Cherry ku Siberia
Cholinga cha kusamalira mbewu iliyonse - chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizirombo. Kuti muchite izi, nkofunika kuti muzichita mokhulupirika zochitika zonsezi:
- dothi lomasula;
- kudulira nthambi;
- chakudya chomera.
Kuthirira ndi kusamalira nthaka
Ndikofunika kuthirira chitsamba cha chitumbuwa mpaka pansi pa bwalo la thunthu silinyowere 40-45 masentimita. Kuthirira pamodzi ndi kuvala pamwamba ndikofunika kuti mtengo ukangotha maluwa, kenako - mutathira chipatso.
Zakudya zamtengo wapatali zimakhala ndi ndowa 3-6 malingana ndi nyengo yamvula. Ngati sichibale chipatso, ndiye kuthirira kumachitika milungu iwiri iliyonse. Chilimwe amafuna madzi okwanira mobwerezabwereza.
Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi usanayambe fruiting, m'pofunika kuletsa mtengo kuti umwe. Popanda kutero, zipatsozo zimatha kusokoneza, ndipo zowola zimayamba. 
Kupaka pamwamba
Kamodzi kokha zaka zitatu, nthaka pafupi ndi chitumbuwa imakumba ndi organic feteleza. Kuonjezera apo, zamoyo ziyenera kuwonjezera mchere: 20-25 g / m2 wa potaziyamu sulfate ndi 25-30 g / m2 wa superphosphate.
Mavitrogeni supplementation amachitika kawiri pachaka.
Mavitamini a feteleza amaphatikizapo nitroammofosku, azofosku, madzi ammonia, calcium nitrate, nitrophoska.15-20 g / m2 wa ammonium nitrate akhoza m'malo ndi 10-15 g / m2 wa urea. Feteleza sagwiritsidwanso ntchito ku nthaka pafupi ndi mtengo, gawo lonse la munda wa chitumbuwa liyenera kukhala lofanana ndi umuna.
Musanayambe kudyetsa muyenera kuthirira mitengo. Cherry chitsamba imadyetsedwa ndi urea pa mlingo wa 0,5 g pa lita imodzi ya madzi. Muyenera kubwereza zomwezo katatu. Nthawiyi ndi sabata imodzi. Nthawi yabwino ndi dzuwa litalowa. 
Kukonza malamulo
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, nthambi za chitumbuwa zimadulidwa kumayambiriro (mwezi wa March), pamene masambawo sanagwedezeke. Kudulira sikuletsedwa m'chilimwe, posakhalanso kukolola pamthambi. Ngati chisankhocho chinagwa mu kugwa, chitani njirayi mutatha nyengo yokula. Kudulira kansalu kwa ziwalo zina za mtengo kungathe kuchitidwa nthawi iliyonse.
Kukonzekera moyenera kwa chitumbuwa cha chitsamba kumatheketsa kuchita izi nthawi imodzi pachaka. "Mabala" a mtengo pa malo a kudula amayenera kukonzedwa. Kudulira zipatso zamatcheri ziyenera kuchitika molingana ndi chiwembu.
Mukudziwa? Asayansi atsimikizira kuti yamatcheri 20 angalowetse mapiritsi a aspirin opanda zotsatira.Mphukira ya chomera cha pachaka, choposa mamita 35 m'litali, amadulidwa. Thunthu la mtengo likhoza kuchepetsedwanso. Kukonzekera korona wokha kumachitika m'chilimwe, pambuyo pa fruiting. Kodi kudula chitumbuwa mu kugwa?
Kugwa, nthambi zimadulidwa mobwerezabwereza chifukwa choopa kuwononga mbewu ndi kuchepetsa kukana mtengo kwa chisanu. Kumbukirani kuti kudulira koyenera kumangowonjezera zokolola, kuteteza matenda opatsirana.Kusiya nthambi zowonongeka m'nyengo yozizira ndizopindulitsa kwambiri. Cherry adzayenera kudyetsa iwo, kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa nthambi zina zathanzi.
N'zotheka kuyamba kumadula kudulira nthawi yomweyo kutha kwa nyengo yokula. Ngati mulibe nthawi, pewani njirayi nthawi yachisanu. Zambiri sizimayenera kudula mu kugwa.
Matenda ndi chithandizo cha tizilombo
Spring processing wa chitumbuwa chitsamba chachitika pamaso Mphukira yopuma ndi 7% urea yankho kuchokera tizirombo kuti bwinobwino anapulumuka m'nyengo yozizira. Mukaphonya nthawiyi, ndi bwino kulima nthaka ndi njira ya 3% ya mkuwa wa sulfate. 
Pambuyo pa milungu iwiri, perekani nkhuni ndi nkhuni ndi colloidal sulfure kapena Neonon.
M'chilimwe, pamene zipatso ziri mu kukula gawo, nkoyenera kuteteza yamatcheri kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi Fufanon ndi matenda ndi mkuwa oxychloride. M'nyengo yophukira, yamatcheri amapopedwa ndi yankho la 4% la urea.
Onetsetsani kuti muzule tsinde ndi mandimu ndi Kuwonjezera kwa mkuwa sulphate.
Chithandizo chachangu chachitsamba chimapangidwa ndi kukonzekera kosiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa matenda ndi mtundu wa tizilombo.
Zima yamatcheri m'nyengo yozizira
Zakudya zamakono zomwe zimamera ku Siberia, makamaka kufunikira kozizira kozizira kuti ziteteze mizu yozizira. 
Ndi zophweka kuti apereke malo ogulitsira mtengo: pangani tchire la chisanu kuzungulira thunthu, ndiye perekani ndi utuchi. Zitsamba zazing'ono za chitumbuwa zimangowonjezeredwa ndi spruce pine.
Mukudziwa? Patsiku lozizira, pa February 20, National Cherry Pie Day imakondwerera ku USA - Tsiku la chitumbuwa cha dziko la cherry.Kukhalitsa yamatcheri m'mikhalidwe yovuta ya ku Siberia sikophweka, komabe n'kotheka. Ngakhale kukana kwa mtengo kuti chisanu, chisamalidwe m'nyengo yozizira ndifunikanso. Kusankhidwa bwino ndi kusamalidwa bwino kwa mbewu - chitsimikizo cha mbewu yamatcheri.
