Tomato "Casanova" ndi ya nyengo ya pakati, yomwe imapatsa tomato zosiyanasiyana. Chinthu chosiyana cha izi zosiyanasiyana ndi chipatso chokhala ndi zipatso zomwe si zachilendo kwa phwetekere. Kuwonjezera apo mu nkhaniyi tidzakambirana zambiri za zosiyana ndi kufotokozera zipatso, malamulo a zaulimi ndi zokolola, komanso chifukwa chomwe phwetekere "Casanova" ankakonda kwambiri wamaluwa, komanso momwe angapezere zokolola zambiri pa webusaitiyi.
Kuwoneka ndi kufotokoza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana
Tsamba ndi lalitali kwambiri akhoza kufika mamita awiri m'kukwera, tsamba lamkati. Kuti apange stems okwanira m'pofunika kuyendetsa. Njirayi idzapatsa mwayi wokolola kale, komanso kuonjezera mawu a fruiting. Mapangidwe a 1-2 zimayambira bwino. Pa bura limodzi amakula pafupifupi 4-5 zipatso.
Posankha phwetekere, m'pofunika kulingalira nthawi yakuphuka kwa chipatso, kutalika kwa chitsamba komanso ndithudi maonekedwe a kukoma. Phunzirani zambiri za tomato ngati "King of Early", "Star of Siberia", "Rio Grande", "Honey Spas", "Shuttle", "Bison Sugar", "Gigolo", "Rapunzel".
Zotsatira za Zipatso
Zipatso za tomato zosiyanasiyana zimakhala pakati pa mitundu ina ya tomato: zazikulu, zikhale ndi mawonekedwe ochititsa chidwi kwambiri olemera kwambiri, ndi khungu lakuda ndi lofewa, minofu ndi lokoma. Yokwatulidwa mokwanira zipatso wolemera wofiira mtundu wotchulidwa kukoma. Kulemera kwake kwa phwetekere ndi 150-200 g, kutalika - pafupifupi masentimita 20.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana
Wamaluwa amalandira izi zosiyanasiyana kusunga bwino khalidwe ndi kuyenda. Zipatso sizimasokoneza ndipo sizikuphulika pamene zasungidwa, zimakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe ake ovomerezeka. Tomato a mtundu umenewu amakhalanso abwino mwatsopano, osakonzekera mawonekedwe.
Ubwino wina wa phwetekere "Casanova" ndi zokolola zambiri - kuchokera pa 1 lalikulu. M akhoza kusonkhanitsa mpaka 12 makilogalamu a tomato pa nyengo, poyenera kubzala ndi kusamalira bwino.
Zofooka zazikulu sizidziwika. Komabe, chikhalidwe ndi kwambiri thermophilic, amafuna kubzala mu nthaka yotetezedwa, kotero tomato izi zosiyanasiyana mwakula makamaka greenhouses.
Mukudziwa? Mpaka posachedwa, panali kutsutsana kwakukulu ndi kutsutsana pa chiyambi cha botani cha tomato m'mamasamba, zipatso, kapena zipatso. Ambiri amaona phwetekere ngati masamba, monga zipatso zimadyedwa yaiwisi komanso sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mchere. Malinga ndi malamulo a botani - uwu ndi mabulosi. Koma European Union anaika phwetekere ngati chipatso mu 2001.
Zizindikiro agrotehnika
Tomato ambiri komanso zosiyanasiyana "Casanova", makamaka, ndi mbewu yovuta kwambiri. Kuti mupeze mbewu zabwino komanso zokoma, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena pokonzekera mbande, komanso kusamalira tchire nthawi yakucha.
Kumpoto, komanso kumbali ya lamba lakati, tomato ayenera kukulitsa m'malo obiriwira, kutanthauza malo obiriwira ndi malo obiriwira. Izi zidzakupatsani mpata kulandira mbewu mpaka chisanu choyamba kapena ngakhale chaka chonse.
Kukonzekera ndi kubzala mbande
Mbande ayenera kukonzekera pafupifupi 50-60 masiku isanafike chokonzekera kubzala yotseguka pansi. Pofesa mbande, muyenera kusankha mitundu yabwino kwambiri ndi mbewu zabwino. Asanayambe kulowera: Ikani nyemba pa nsalu yonyowa kapena nsalu ndipo mupite kwa tsiku, kenako mutha kuyamba kubzala.
Ngati nyembazo zimamera pa nsalu, kumera kumayenera kuchitika mu nthaka yabwino. Komabe, ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito mbewu zatsopano, mukhoza kudumpha njirayi.
Zofunikanso Samalani nthaka pasadakhale: Kwa mbande za tomato, chisakanizo cha humus ndi dothi la nthaka mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1 ndi changwiro. Peat, utuchi, konokono gawo lapansi akhoza kuwonjezedwa kunthaka.
Kubzala mbewu za mbande zikhoza kuyamba pakati pa March. Pofuna kutsika, muyenera kukonzekera mabokosi kapena zida zina zokwanira masentimita 10, mbeu zimabzalidwa mozama pafupifupi masentimita 1, kenako bokosi liri ndi galasi, filimu kapena pulasitiki.
Kuti mbeu ikhale bwino bwino ayenera kutsatira malamulo awa:
- Kutentha kwa chipindachi chiyenera kukhala mkati mwa 23-25 ° C nthawi yobzala mbewu. Mbeu ikamera ndipo zimayambira, mphamvuyi imachepetsedwa kufika 16-20 ° C.
- Tomato "Casanova", monga tomato ena, amafunika kuwala kokwanira; Patapita masiku angapo pambuyo pa kumera kwa mbande, m'pofunikira kupereka maola ozungulira.
- Ndikofunika kuthetsa zojambula zilizonse mu chipinda.
- Tomato samasowa kuthirira mobwerezabwereza, ziyenera kuchitika masiku asanu ndi awiri (5-7). Komabe, ngati nthaka yowuma kwambiri, n'zotheka nthawi zambiri. Madzi okwanira amawotcha kutentha.
Mbeu izi zikamera ndipo masamba oyambirira akuwonekera pamphuno, zisankho ziyenera kupangidwa. Mipikisano ya pulasitiki yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito 0,5 malita. Mukasankha voti yaing'ono, mbande ziyenera kubzalanso pamene zikukula.
Ndikofunikira! Tomato "Casanova" Ndibwino kuti tipite m'matanthwe awiri kapena kuposerapo kuti chitsamba chikhale cholimba, komanso kuonjezera zokolola.
Kusindikiza pamalo otseguka
Pamene mbande zili okonzeka, mukhoza kupitiriza kubzala. Kukonzekera kwa mbande kungatsimikizidwe ndi maonekedwe awo:
- Kutalika kwa mmera uliwonse ndi pafupifupi masentimita 30, mapesi ali wandiweyani ndi amphamvu, ndi masamba 5-7 aliwonse.
- Mbeuyi ili ndi maburashi awiri.
- Internodes alifupikitsidwa.
Ngati zimayambira ndizolimba, zimatha kubzalidwa pamtunda wa 90 °, koma ngati zimayambira zifooka, ziyenera kubzalidwa pang'onopang'ono 45 °. Pambuyo posamera mmera mu dzenje, imalowetsedwa, pang'ono ndi pang'ono.
Kusamalira ndi kuthirira
Ndikofunika kwambiri kupereka tomato ndi chinyezi chokwanira pa nthawi yopanga chipatso - ngati madzi panthawiyi sali okwanira, chipatsocho chingakhale chakuya kapena kutha. Mukamamwetsa nthaka, muyenera kumasulidwa.
Ndikofunikira! Chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu kwa zimayambira kukula tomato kuyenera kumangidwa zothandizira pa chitsamba chilichonse.
Kuti apangidwe bwino ndi kucha zipatso, tchire tiyenera kudyetsedwa. Monga feteleza angagwiritsidwe ntchito monga organic substances (phulusa, nkhuku manyowa kapena zipolopolo), ndi fetereza feteleza. Pofuna kulimbikitsa maluwa a tchire, n'zotheka kupopera yankho la boric acid muyeso ya 1 g pa 5 malita a madzi 3-4 nthawi.
Kuti mupeze zipatso zazikulu, muyenera kukonza pasynkovanie nthawi - kuchotsa mphukira zazing'ono (masentimita angapo m'litali), zomwe zimamera masamba a tsamba.
Kuti amangirire tomato, amagwiritsa ntchito zikwama, mapepala ndi mapepala apadera a masamba.
Kuteteza tizilombo ndi matenda
Tomato ndi ovuta kwambiri ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, choncho tifunika kutetezedwa nthawi yonse ya kukula ndi kucha: Kubzala mbewu kuti tisonkhanitse zipatso zotsiriza. 
Ganizirani za matenda ambiri, komanso njira zothandizira zomera:
- Kuwonongeka kochedwa. Dzina lachiwiri la matendawa ndi kuvunda kofiira. Kuwonetsedwa ndi mabala ofiira ndi a imvi pamadera onse a zomera. Polimbana, mungagwiritse ntchito adyo tincture, kukonzekera "Mliri", "Mliri", "Oxy".
- Vuto Lotembenuka. Zikudziwonetseratu malo ozizira amdima wobiriwira pa tomato wosapsa. Pofuna kuthetsa matendawa, m'pofunikira kupereka chomeracho ndi calcium, chifukwa chaichi n'zotheka kudyetsa choko kapena mandimu.
- Brown spotting, kapena kladosporioz. Kuwonetseredwa ndi kupezeka kwa mabala a velvet kumbali ya mkati mwa masamba m'munsi mwa mbeu. Matendawa amatha kuwononga chitsamba. Kulimbana kumayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala "oxy", "Home".
- Fomoz. Wodziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa madontho ovunda, omwe mwamsanga amafalikira mu chomeracho. Zimapezeka chifukwa cha chinyezi komanso feteleza. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuchokera m'ndime yapitayi.
- Fusarium wilt. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndizopukuta masamba, zomwe zimafikira ku nthambi yonse. Kulimbana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Mzere" ndi "Hom."
- Zowuma, kapena Alternaria. Chizindikiro chachikulu: mawanga a bulauni omwe amakhudza mbali zonse za mbewu. Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, tchire zimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala awa: Antracol, Tattu, Consento.
Kuwonjezera pa matenda opatsirana, zomera zimatha kuvutika ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mmene mungagwirire ndi tizilombo, taganizirani pansipa:
- Ntchentche yoyera. Chifukwa cha kupha kwa tizilomboti, masamba pa tchire amatembenukira chikasu ndi kutuluka, amakhala ndi bowa, kenako amatembenukira wakuda. Kuteteza chomera ku tizilombo, tumizani "Confidor".
- Slugs. Idyani gawo la masamba. Kuti asalole tizilombo ku tchire, dothi pafupi ndi muzu liyenera kupopedwa ndi hydrated laimu, kumasula ndikuzaza ndi tsabola yakuwawa.
- Kangaude mite. Zimatulutsa masamba a chomeracho, kuyamwa madzi kuchokera kwa iwo, zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu ndi kuyanika. Kuchotsa tizilombo, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa "Malathion".
- Medvedka. Tizilombo timadutsa m'nthaka pafupi ndi tchire, timadya mizu. Polimbana ndi medvedka mungagwiritse ntchito "Thunder" kapena mankhwala a viniga.
- Wireworm. Mofanana ndi chimbalangondo, amawononga mizu komanso nthaka ya chitsamba. Kuchiza mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala "Basudin".
- Aphid. Amatha kuwononga malo akuluakulu a tomato, ngati simutenga zowononga. Pochotseratu nsabwe za m'masamba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito sopo zapopu m'madzi, kuwaza tchire ndi phulusa kapena kuwaza ndi adyo komanso peyala.
Pofuna kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi matenda, muyenera kukonzekera nthaka, mbewu ndi mbande bwino. Izi zidzathandiza kuti musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, koma kukula masamba.
Nthawi yokolola
Ndikofunika kuti musaphonye nthawi yoyenera yokolola - ngati mutayamba kusonkhanitsa zipatso mofulumira, akhoza kuwonjezereka, zomwe zingakhudze kwambiri zokolola za tchire. Komabe, musamatenge tomato zosiyanasiyana "Casanova" mofulumira kwambiri. Kutsegula kwambiri bulauni, tomato wokoma ku tchirezomwe zasintha kukula kwake.
Zipatso ziyenera kuponyedwa pa matabwa mabokosi mu 2-3 zigawo, perelachivaya aliyense wosanjikiza wa udzu. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kwa kucha ndi kutentha: ziyenera kukhala 20-25 ° C ndi chinyezi zosaposa 85%. Chipinda chiyenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira (koma popanda ndondomeko) ndipo chitayatsala, izi zidzalimbikitsa chipatso ndikupangitsa chipatso kukhala chokoma.
Kukolola phwetekere kuyenera kuchitika masiku angapo panthawi yonse yakucha. Tomato "Casanova" ikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa mpaka ku frosts yoyamba, komabe, muyenera kutsimikiza kuti zipatso zotsiriza zimasonkhanitsidwa isanatengedwe pa thermometer ikutsikira pansi pa 10 ° C usiku - pakali pano, zipatso zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa zimatha kuvunda panthawi yosungirako.
Mukudziwa? Masiku ano pali tomato zosiyanasiyana zoposa 10,000. Kuwonjezera pa kulawa ndi mawonekedwe, amasiyana ndi mtundu ndi kukula - kuchokera pa magalamu pang'ono kufika 1.5 kilogalamu, akhoza kukhala pinki, ofiira, achikasu ndi akuda.
Kotero, ife tawonanso tsatanetsatane wa chitsamba ndi zipatso za tomato "Casanova", mitu yambiri yobzala ndi kulima, malamulo a chisamaliro ndi kukolola, komanso njira zothetsera matenda. Ngati mutatsatira malamulo amenewa, zipatso zabwino ndi zokoma zimakondweretsa inu kuyambira July mpaka chisanu choyamba!
