Biringanya wosakaniza mitundu "Epic F1" pa madera akumidzi omwe sakudziwika kale, koma pa nthawi yochepa, mbewuyi yatsimikiziridwa bwino. Mtundu wosakanizidwa umenewu uli ndi zipatso zambiri komanso kukula kwa zipatso zake. Kuonjezerapo, nyengo yochepa ya kukula kwa mbeu imathandiza kuti zikhalenso kukula m'madera akum'mwera, komanso m'madera otentha.
Lero tikambirana za mitundu yonse ya zipatso za chipatsochi kuti athandize wamaluwa kukula bwino.
Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi cha wosakanizidwa
Ngakhale kufanana kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi oimira ena a zomerazi, kuli ndi mbali zina zomwe zimasiyanitsa chomera ichi ndi mitundu ina. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane zinthu zofunika kwambiri za mtundu wosakanizidwa.
Mukudziwa? Chipatso cha biringanya chinkayamba ku Middle East, kum'mwera kwa Asia, ndi ku India zaka zoposa 1,500 zapitazo. Motero, biringanya ndi chimodzi mwa zomera zakale kwambiri zaulimi padziko lapansi.
Mitengo
Chitsamba chokhwima mu hybrid ndi champhamvu kwambiri ndi cholimba, tsinde panthawi imodzimodziyo imatha kutalika kwa mamita 1, imakhazikika ndi yochepa. Mphamvu ya kukula kwa chitsamba mu biringanya ichi ili ndi mphamvu zamphamvu. Kuonjezera apo, tsinde limakhala ndi mtundu wa pubescence ndipo amadziwika ndi mtundu wobiriwira, umene mitundu yobiriwira imakhala ndi mthunzi wochepa wofiira, wabuluu kapena wofiirira. Masamba ndi ang'onoang'ono, makamaka osakanikirana ndi kukula, wobiriwira wobiriwira.
Zipatso
Zipatso zamakono "Epic" zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri, mu mawonekedwe a cylindrical. Kutalika kwake kumakhala pafupifupi 22 masentimita, ndipo m'lifupi - 10 masentimita. Misa imakhala ya 200-230 g Komabe, pali zipatso za kukula kwakukulu, makamaka zimadalira nyengo, nthaka ndi kuchuluka kwa feteleza. Mtundu wa biringanya ndi khalidwe: umayang'aniridwa ndi minofu yamdima yofiira, kapangidwe ka khungu ndi kofiira. Pa chikhoko muli malo ochepa omwe amakhalapo. Mnofu ndi wofiira komanso wofiira.
Mukudziwa? Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mudye zipatso za biringanya zowonjezera, monga momwe ziliri pano amapezekanso poizoni wotchedwa solanine. Choncho, biringanya amakololedwa pamwambidwe wa luso.
Makhalidwe ndi kukoma
"Epic" amatanthauza zomera zoyambirira kucha zipatso, Nyengo yokula m'chilengedwe ndi pafupi masiku 65, koma nthawi zina, nthawiyi ikhoza kukhala masiku makumi asanu ndi atatu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana idapangidwa kale, chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa a Dutch breeders ku kampani "Monsanto". Biringanya ndi cholinga choti kulima kumunda kumadera otentha kwambiri, komabe, chomera ndi choyenera kukula ndi fruiting mu kutentha kwa nyengo ya malo ozizira. Kuwonjezera apo, mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri yopikisana, "Epic" imatsutsana ndi mdani wa nightshade onse - fodya ya mafilimu.
Zipatso za biringanya zili ndi makhalidwe abwino. Choyamba - izi ndizopanda kukhala ndi chisoni komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kukoma. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe atsopano komanso zamzitini. Kuyambira izi, makhalidwe ake okoma amangowonjezera.
Mukudziwa? Mitedza ya biringanya zosiyanasiyana "Epic F1" kulawa ngati bowa wokazinga, chidutswa ichi ndi chikhalidwe chimasiyanitsa zipatso za zomera izi ku mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Ambiri wamaluwa wamaluwa ndi akatswiri amalankhula bwino pa Epic F1 zosiyanasiyana. Ubwino waukulu wa ndiwo ndiwo:
- Kutetezeka kwakukulu kwa chomera cha mtundu wa fodya ndi matenda ena ambiri.
- Kulimbana kwakukulu kwa kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha.
- Kukula kokwanira.
- Wosakanizidwa ndi wabwino pa zakudya zowonjezera, monga zipatso zake zili ndi mafuta ochepa komanso mapuloteni ambiri a masamba, potaziyamu, ndi mavitamini ambiri.
- Zipatso za mbewuzo zimakhala zokonzeka kwambiri kukonzekera, pamene ntchito zawo sizili zovuta, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri ndi zophikira.
- Mbalame yowonjezera ndi yosamalira "Epic F1" yodzichepetsa, kuwonjezera, agrotechnical mbali ndi yophweka kuti ngakhale woyambitsa akhoza kulima masamba pa chiwembu chake.
- Zowonjezera zokolola zachitsamba, zomwe zilipo 5,8 makilogalamu pa 1 imodzi. m
Koma pali chomera ichi ndi zovuta. Izi makamaka zikuphatikizapo:
- Zosakwanira nyengo yolimba yozizira. Chomeracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ku kulima kumadera otentha kumwera.
- Kulima kumtunda wotseguka kumapangitsa kulima mbande, zomwe zimaphatikizapo njira yopezera zipatso m'madera ovuta.
- Zitsamba za biringanya zimafuna garter, chifukwa zipatso zazikulu zolemera zawo zimawononge tsinde.
- Kunyumba, chipatso sichisunga mwatsopano kwa nthawi yaitali.
Mukudziwa? Mankhwalawa amalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mtima wodwala ndi matenda a mtima, popeza potaziyamu wambiri mu zipatso zimathandiza pa matenda a mtima.
Mmene kubzala biringanya mbande
Mlimi aliyense kamodzi kamodzi pamoyo wake anayesera kulima biringanya m'nyumba yake ya chilimwe, monga chomera ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha anthu ambiri m'deralo. Koma ambiri adakumana ndi mavuto omwe adayambitsa kulima izi. Choncho, tidzawulula zinsinsi zonse za kukula kwa masamba awa kunyumba.
Zothandiza zowonjezera mmene mungamasulire eggplants m'nyengo yozizira
Kukonzekera kwadothi ndi Mbewu
Mbewu isanayambe kufesa imayenera kuwonongeka. Njirayi imachitika pofuna kuti mphukirayo ikhale yosadwala matenda oopsa. Pakani mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mugwiritsire ntchito mankhwala a 2% a manganese, omwe mumayenera kubisiramo mbeu ndikugwiranso ntchito kwa mphindi 20. Pofuna kukonza njirayi, muyenera kutsuka 2 g wa potassium permanganate mu 100 ml ya madzi. Pambuyo pa njirayi, nyembazo zimatsukidwa m'madzi ozizira ozizira pang'onopang'ono papepala kapena kudula nsalu.
Mukhoza kupiranso mankhwalawa ndi hydrogen peroxide. Kuti muchite izi, sungani 3 ml ya peroxide mu 100 ml ya madzi, kutentha madziwo mpaka 40 ° C, ndiyeno perekani nyembazo kwa mphindi 10. Ngati mwagula mbewu yokonzedweratu, sikufunikiranso disinfection. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi wopanga phukusi.
Ndikofunikira! Pokonzekera njira yothetsera potassium permanganate (potaziyamu permanganate), ndondomeko iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosapita m'mbali, mwinamwake njereyo ikhoza kugwidwa ndi mankhwala oopsa kapena osatetezedwa.
Kubzala mbeu pogwiritsa ntchito wapadera, yokonzedweratu, gawo lapansi, lomwe liyenera kukhala ndi zakudya zokwanira. Pazifukwa izi, kusankha kopambana kudzakhala dothi lapadera la mbande, zomwe zingagulidwe ku sitolo iliyonse yam'munda. Komanso, wamaluwa ambiri amagwiritsira ntchito gawo ili gawo lapadera lokonzekera ndi manja awo. Pankhaniyi, nthaka yobzala imapangidwa m'njira ziwiri.
Pachiyambi choyamba, nthaka yosavuta yochokera ku malo a dacha imatsukidwa ndi zomera zowonjezereka ndi zosafunika, kenaka zimasakanizidwa mu gawo lofanana ndi mchenga ndi gawo lopangira nyumba. Pachifukwa chachiwiri, nthaka yochokera kumunda ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi peat, yomwe ili ndi gawo lofanana ndi losakaniza ndi gawo lapansi la mbande. Komanso, nthaka ya mbande ingapangidwe ndi potaziyamu, urea, turf kapena superphosphate. Gawo lapansi lingakhale lokha, pamalingaliro anu. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chiyenera kukumbukiridwa pakukonzekera kwake: eggplants amakonda udothi, wosasuntha, dothi lowala, lomwe limaphatikizidwanso ndi mchere, feteleza kapena mankhwala.
Ndondomeko yofesa
Kufesa mbewu za mbande kumatha pafupifupi theka lachiwiri la February. Izi ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti chomeracho chimapangidwira maluwa ndi fruiting, koma malingana ndi nyengo ya dera, nthawi izi zimasiyana mosiyana. Gulu lokonzekera lopangidwa mwaluso muzitsulo zam'munda. Pazifukwazi, mungagwiritse ntchito makasitomala apadera okonzera mbewu, mapepala apulasitiki, chidebe chodziwika kapena chophimba china chimene mungasankhe.
Kenaka, gawo lapansi liyenera kuthiridwa mochuluka, kenako mbeuzo zimafesedwa ndi dothi losapitirira 1 masentimita. Pambuyo kufesa, chidebecho chikulumikizidwa mu filimu yopulasitiki ya pulasitiki ndikuyika malo otentha kuti amere. Zidzakhalanso zothandiza kubzala mbewu ndi nthaka ndi madzi otungunuka. Pazinthu izi, mbewu zimabzalidwa mu nthaka youma, kenaka nyumba yonseyo imadzazidwa ndi chisanu. Pambuyo itasungunuka, nyemba zimatha kuphimbidwa ndi zojambulazo ndipo zimamera pamalo otentha. Ndondomekoyi imakhala yothandiza kwambiri, chifukwa pakadali pano, mphukirayi imakhala yowonongeka ndi zachilengedwe.
Ndikofunikira! N'zotheka kuyamwa ndi chipale chofewa mchere wouma, mwinamwake njirayi idzapangitsa kufa kwa zomera zazing'ono.
Kusamalira mmera
Kusamalira mbande za biringanya "Epic" sizitanthauza mavuto enaake. Mphamvu ndi mbewu, zomwe zili ndi filimuyi, zimakhala pamalo ofunda ndi kutentha nthawi zonse zosachepera 25 ° C. Pambuyo masiku 7-10, mphukira yoyamba iwoneke, ndiye kuti filimuyo iyenera kuchotsedwa ndipo kutentha kwa mbeu kumatsika mpaka 16-18 ° C. Patapita nthawi, imatha kuwonjezeka mpaka +25 ° C masana ndipo imatsitsimula mpaka 13-15 ° C usiku - njirayi idzathandizira chomera kuti chikhale chokonzekera chodzala chilengedwe.
Kudiririra kumachitika moyenera, monga mbande ingadwale ndikufa. Chofunika kwambiri pazifukwa izi, madzi abwino amvula, ngati palibe, mungagwiritse ntchito madzi opopera. Komanso, musaiwale za zakudya zamasamba. Njira yoyamba iyenera kuchitika patatha mlungu umodzi kumera, chifukwa izi zimagwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi phosphorous. Komanso, masiku asanu ndi awiri (7-10) musanayambe kuyika nthaka yotseguka, ziphuphu zimatha kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wapadera kuti lifulumize nyengo yokula.
Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti pakhale kuyatsa kokwanira. Nthaŵi yachilengedwe ya usana sichikwanira pazinthu izi, chotero, mphukira ziyenera kuwonetsedwa mwatsatanetsatane. Pachifukwa ichi, kuyatsa magetsi mkati kumalo koyenera, koma ndibwino kusamalira kupezeka kwa fitolamp yapadera. Tsiku lowala liyenera kukhala maola 12 pa tsiku; nthawi yochokera 7: 7 mpaka 7 koloko ndi yoyenera pa izi. Ndikofunika kuti tinyamule tizilombo tating'onoting'ono pokhapokha ngati kambewu kakang'ono kamene kamene kamayambira kumera kamene kanasankhidwa, kapena ndi mphamvu yokwanira ya zomera pa 1 mita imodzi. onani. Pachifukwa ichi, ndi chitukuko cha 2-3 woona masamba, mphukira zimaloledwa mu chotsala chokhala ndi masentimita 10-12 masentimita.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuonetsa mbande zamakono, ndikofunika kusamala kuti mtunda wa pakati pa gwero la kuwala ndi chomera ndi 50 cm, mwinamwake kuyatsa kungasokoneze kukula kwa thupi.
Kudzala mbewu zoyera
Kulima kufesa kwapadera kwa eggplants kumachitika kokha kumwera kwa nyengo, monga m'madera ozizira, izi sizingakhale ndi nthawi yoti zibale zipatso nthawi isanayambe nyengo yozizira. Pofuna kufesa mbewu, nkofunika kuti musanayambe kuthira nthaka ndi organic ndi mchere feteleza mu chiwerengero cha 0.5-1 chidebe pa 1 sq. M. M ya humus, kenaka yikani 40 g ya phosphorous-potaziyamu feteleza ndi 50 g wa nitroammofoski pa 1 lalikulu. M, mukufunikiranso kukonzekera mbeu ndi njira zomwe tatchula pamwambapa.
Kulima mwanjirayi kumapangidwa bwino mu nyengo yotentha, ndipo ngati palibe nyumbayi m'dera lanu, nthaka iyenera kukhala yokutidwa ndi pulasitiki. Mtunda wochokera ku dothi kupita ku dome wa nyumbayo uyenera kufika 30-50 masentimita, izi zimatheka pokoka dome pazitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zokhazikika.
Zikatero chomera chimafuna nthawi zonse kutsirira ndi kudyetsa, nthaka mu wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono. Kuonjezerapo, pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mbande zoyamba pamafunika manyowa a feteleza kuti apititse patsogolo nyengo yokula. Zomera zitapangidwa ndipo mphamvu ya kutentha imawalola kuti aikidwe, mbande zimayenera kupita kumalo osatha. Pakuti chomera ichi chatha. Njirayi ndikutsegulira pang'onopang'ono dome kwa nthawi yaitali, ndikutsatidwa. Pochita izi, kuwomba kumayenera kuwonjezeka bwino, kuyambira ora limodzi pa tsiku.
Ndikofunikira! Kufesa kwachindunji kuyenera kubzalidwa pokhapokha kutentha kwa mpweya sikugwera m'munsimu +13 ° C, monga momwe nyengo imakhala yozizira mbewu sizidzamera.
Maphunziro a Gulu
Pofuna kusamalira biringanya, zovuta za agrotechnical zochokera kwa wolima masamba sizikufunikira, koma chifukwa chakuti malingalirowo ndi osazindikira, pali zida zambiri zamakono zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukula chomera chopatsa thanzi. Kenaka tikuyenera kulingalira chofunikira kwambiri mwa iwo.
Werengani zambiri za momwe mungamere mitundu ya biringanya: "Clorinda F1", "Prado", "Diamond", "Valentine F1"
Kuthirira ndi kusamalira nthaka
Pofuna kuti nthaka ikhale yabwino kwambiri, zimapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yosamalidwa komanso yosamalidwa nthawi zonse. Kuti tichite izi, nyengo yonseyi m'pofunika kuononga namsongole ndikuonetsetsa kuti nthawi zonse nthaka imasulidwa. Zotsatira zake, ubwino ndi kuchuluka kwa mbeu zimakula kangapo. Komanso, kuti akwaniritse zambiri fruiting, biringanya zomera ayenera kuthiriridwa. Njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa osachepera 1 masiku awiri, ndipo panthawi yopatsa zipatso, kuthirira kumachitika tsiku ndi tsiku. Pazifukwa izi, zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda, omwe amawotcherera kutentha pafupifupi 20 ° C.
Ndikofunikira! Mazirawo samakonda kwambiri chinyezi, kotero masamba ndi mphukira za zomera sayenera kuthiriridwa.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kupaka zovala zapamwamba ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zokolola, choncho njirayi iyenera kuchitika kasachepera 3-5 nthawi iliyonse. Kuvala koyamba kumachitika patatha masabata awiri mutatha kuika mbande mu nthaka yotseguka, chifukwa mpaka nthawi yomwe mizu yofookayo sinatenge zakudya. Chotsatira, chiwerengero cha kuvala ndicho kuzindikira kwa mwini munda, chinthu chofunikira ndicho kupanga feteleza panthawi zingapo. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, m'pofunika kudyetsa chomera ndi zinthu zina zisanayambe maluwa, chifukwa izi sizidzangowonjezetsa ndondomekoyi, komanso kuwirikiza kawiri chiwerengero cha mazira.
Pamaso pa fructification, feteleza ovuta mu fomu ya mchere adzakhala chakudya chabwino kwambiri. Koma pa nthawi ya fruiting ndi bwino kuti muwachotsere ndi nitrogen-phosphate. Kukonzekera mu 10 malita a madzi kusungunula 1 tsp. nitre ndi 1 tsp. superphosphate. Kusakaniza kumeneku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa madzi okwanira ambiri.
Kupopera mbewu
Ngakhale kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yotsutsana ndi matenda ambiri, tchire la eggplants tiyenera kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amatanthauza chitetezo ngati n'kotheka. Masiku ano pali zinthu zambiri zakutchire zomwe zimathandiza kuteteza zomera ku matenda monga: kuchepa kochedwa, nkhungu yakuda, bakiteriya spotting, ndi blackleg. Izi zimaphatikizapo njira zothetsera Bordeaux madzi, cuproxate, mkuwa sulphate, etc. Njira yothandizira biringanya imaphatikizapo kupopera mbewu mkati mwa masabata atatu mutabzala mbande zonse, ndi tchire la biringanya ziyenera kukonzedwa patatha masabata angapo mutabzala m'malo osatha.
Tikukulangizani kuti mudziwe zambiri za tizilombo tolera.
Sungani ndi kusunga zokolola
Kukula kwa mazira a eggplant kumachitika pafupifupi masiku 25 mutatha maluwa. Zizindikiro za zipatso zakupsa ndizo: mdima wonyezimira wobiriwira, khungu loyera la khungu ndi kulimba kwa zamkati. Ndikofunika kuti tisapitirire chipatsochi, chifukwa ngati sichidzakula, tidzakhala otsika pang'ono komanso tidzatha kutaya makhalidwe (kuyipa kwakukulu kudzawonekera, thupi lidzakhala lovuta). Koma kudula zipatso zobiriwira sikunayanjanitsidwe, chifukwa sichifesedwa pamene chimachotsedwa.
Chifukwa chakuti zipatso za biringanya zimapsa mosayenera, kukolola kumachitika pang'onopang'ono ndipo kumangosankha. Pa nthawi yomweyi, musayiwale kuti muyenera kupita kumunda wa zipatso zipatso kamodzi pa masiku awiri. Ndibwino kukumbukira kuti pakuchotsa chipatso cha chitsamba, nkofunikira kuchoka pafupifupi masentimita atatu pa tsinde pa mphukira, izi zidzakuthandizani kuchepetsa nkhawa zomwe munthuyo ali nazo pazomera.
Mukudziwa? Ngati zipatso zokolola zokolola zimakwiyitsa kwambiri, ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba kuti mbewuyo sinalandire kuchuluka kwa madzi okwanira pa nyengo yokula."Эпик F1" является ранним сортом, поэтому его плоды для длительного хранения не годятся, но существует несколько правил, которые помогут сберечь свежесть баклажанов на 2-3 месяца. Kuti tichite izi, zipatso zatsopano ziyenera kupukutidwa ndi nsalu youma ndi kuziyika pamalo ozizira ndi kutentha kwa pafupi
+1 ° C mu 1 wosanjikiza. Pambuyo pa masabata atatu muyenera kuchita kafukufuku wowonongeka, omwe akuwonongeka ndi kuphika kapena kusungidwa.
Zipatso zabwino zophimbidwa mu pepala, zowonongeka pa udzu umodzi wokha, ndikuphimbidwa ndi sacking. Mu mawonekedwe awa, mu biringaliro chozizira cha cellar chidzatha mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn. Koma ngati mukufuna kusunga masamba osapitirira masabata atatu, malo ozizira m'nyumba (firiji, khonde, etc.) adzachita izi.
Phunzirani za zinthu zopindulitsa ndi zovulaza za biringanya.
Chomera chosakaniza "Epic F1" ndibwino koposa nyumba ya chilimwe, monga chomera sichifuna chisamaliro chovuta, koma chiri ndi zipatso zapamwamba. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, masambawa sali gawo lofunika kwambiri pa chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku, koma komanso gwero lenileni la zinthu zothandiza ndi zofunika kwa thupi la munthu. Pogwiritsa ntchito malangizidwewa pamwambapa, mutha kukwaniritsa zokolola zambiri za eggplants.
