Mankhwala amtunduwu amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa okhala mumzinda wa Moscow ndi Leningrad, chifukwa nyengoyi ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa anthu okhala m'mindayi. Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino ndi lokongola, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena ndikutsatira malingaliro okhudzana ndi kukonza ndi kusamalira. Talingalirani iwo mwatsatanetsatane.
Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi
Rhododendron ndi imodzi mwa zazikulu kwambiri banja la heather ndipo poyamba anali ogawidwa mu 1753. Kumtchire, amapezeka ku America, Asia, Japan, komanso China. 
Mtundu uwu ukhoza kukula monga imodzi ndi imodzi ndi magulu. Iye amakhalanso wokhala mumtunda ndi madontho.
Rhododendrons ikhoza kukula mu mawonekedwe a zitsamba, ndi mawonekedwe a mitengo yaying'ono. Bzalani masamba obiriwira, ofiira ndi zovuta. Mitengo imatha kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 10-100, pamene mitengo - mpaka mamita 30. 
Pali mitundu yokwana 1000 kapena kuposerapo ya rhododendron, kotero masamba ake akhoza kupanga maonekedwe ndi kukula kwakukulu. Maluwa a amuna ndi akazi, inflorescences ndi racemose kapena corymbose mawonekedwe, nthawizina anaikidwa chimodzi kapena ziwiri. Kuwoneka kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe osokonezeka, pali mawonekedwe achikasu, a pinki kapena ofiirira.
Zipatso za zomera izi zimapangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a tsamba laling'ono la masamba asanu, lomwe limatsegula mmwamba ndi pansi.
M'munsimu muli chithunzi cha shrub. 
Mitundu yokula
Pofuna kulima rhododendrons m'chigawo cha Moscow kapena ku Leningrad dera, muyenera kusankha ndi mitundu yokha yozizira.
Choncho, chifukwa chokula m'katikati mwa Russia zabwino zoyenera:
- Mitundu yamitundu yambiri yamtundu wotchedwa rhododendrons, mwachitsanzo, zosiyanasiyana Kuwala;
- Zinyama za Yakushima rhododendron: Anna H. Hall, MistMaiden, Ken Janeck;
- Katevbinsky hybrids: mitundu Alfred, Boursault, ramu ya Catawbiense Grandiflo, Abrahamu Lincoln;
- mitundu yochepa ya zipatso: Chikondi;
- Williams rhododendron: zosiyanasiyana Irmelies.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji malo m'munda?
Kulima ndi kusamalira munda wamaluwa ndi njira yofunikira, yofunikanso chidwi ndi khama. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tithe kuyendetsa bwino kuyambira nthawi ya April mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa May kapena kuyambira pa September mpaka November. Palibe zoletsedwa pazinthu izi, koma pewani nthawi yamaluwa ndi masabata awiri pambuyo pake.
Zimathandizanso kwambiri kusankha anansi chifukwa chomera. Musati muike mtengo wa linden, mabokosi, mapulo kapena msondodzi pafupi nawo, momwe mizu yawo iliri pafupi mozama mofanana ndipo ikhoza kumuchotsa "mwana" wanu wa zakudya zoyenera. Apple, peyala, pine kapena oak ikhoza kukhala yoyandikana nawo.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati palibe chokwanira chodzala rhododendron mosiyana ndi oyandikana nawo osakondedwa, chitetezeni mizu yake pokumba mu nthaka ya ruberoid, slate kapena polyethylene.
Dzuwa kapena mthunzi?
Wokhala munda wamtengo wapatali kwambiri ndi woyenera kwambiri. shaded malo makamaka kumpoto kwa nyumbayo.
Kuwonjezera pa rhododendron, zitsamba zokonda zitsamba ndi: jasmine, barberry, jamu, filbert, forsythia, euonymus ndi magony.
Nthaka yabwino
Kwa kubzala, nthaka yotsegulidwa ndi yabwino, yomwe ili bwino kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi humus wambiri.
Kubzala mbande
Kubzala ndi kusamalira rhododendron kuthengo ndikofunikira kuchita mwanjira inayake, kuphatikizapo ndondomeko zotsatirazi:
- Choyamba, konzekerani dzenje lakuya, lomwe lili ndi masentimita 60 cm ndi kuya kwa masentimita 40. Thirani chisakanizo chapadera pamenepo, chomwe chinakonzedwa kuchokera ku 8 ndowa za peat ndi mchere 2 wa dothi.
- Dulani mosakanizidwa osakaniza mu dzenje, kenaka pangani chitsime chofanana ndi dzenje lomwe likutsatira mawonekedwe a mmera wanu.
- Moyenera musanadzalemo ayenera kuchotsa mowonjezera mpweya kuchokera ku mbande. Kuti muchite izi, muwachepetse mu chidebe ndi madzi ndipo musawachotsere mpaka mthunzi ukuima.
- Pambuyo pake, mukhoza kuyika mmera mu dzenje lokonzekera. Chombo chiyenera kudzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi kotero kuti palibe malo opanda kanthu omwe atsalira.
- Atatsiriza kubzala, shrub iyenera kutsanulidwa mochuluka ndi madzi ndipo nthaka yozungulira thunthu iyenera kukhala peat kapena masamba a thundu.
- Ngati pali masamba ambiri pa shrub yomwe munabzala, ndiye kuti ena akulimbikitsidwa kuti achotsedwe, chifukwa chomeracho chiyenera kutsogolera mphamvu zake zonse.
Mukudziwa? Rhododendron yaikulu ndi chizindikiro cha boma cha Washington.
Njira zoberekera
Mtundu uwu umaphatikizidwa ndi mbewu, cuttings, kuika komanso kukulumikiza, koma njira yotsirizayi ndi yovuta komanso yovuta kwambiri.
Njira yosavuta ndi kubalana ndi kuika, ndiye pang'ono pokhudza izo.
Kuwonjezera kwa cuttings kumachitika motere: Mu nyengo ya nyengo, kusintha mphukira kumakokedwa mu dzenje lokonzeka pafupifupi masentimita 15. Mbali yapakati ya mphukira imamangiriridwa ku pulasitiki, ndipo munda wa peat ndi peat umawonjezeredwa kuchokera pamwamba. Mbali yapamwamba ya mphukira imasiyidwa pamtunda ndipo ikuphatikizidwa ndi ndodo yomwe ili pamtunda. Nthaŵi yonse ya zigawo zoterezi ziyenera kusungunuka, ndipo kugwa kapena kasupe kuti tisiyane ndi chitsamba chachikulu ndi kuikidwa pamalo ena. 
Njira yoberekerayi imayenera bwino kuti ikhale yovuta kwambiri.
Kubalana ndi cuttings ndi njira yodziwika. Angagwiritse ntchito lignified, semi-lignified ndi masamba cuttings ndi impso. Kwa rooting, amagwiritsa ntchito mabokosi ang'onoang'ono osakaniza mchenga ndi mchenga mofanana, komanso kuwonjezera pa nthaka yaing'ono ya coniferous. Mutabzala, ndi cuttings ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi galasi ndipo amasungidwa kutentha kwa 25-30 ° C, kuchita nthawi zonse hydration. Pambuyo pa miyezi 2-3, cuttings ali bwino rhizomes, pambuyo pake akhoza kuikidwa bwinobwino mu mphika wosiyana ndi wamkulu pa kutentha kwa 20 ° C. 
Chisamaliro cha rhododendron
Kukula ndi kusamalira rhododendron kumaphatikizapo njira zoyenera, monga chomera chilichonse. Zimafuna kuti azigwira ntchito zokhazokha ndikukula bwino.
Kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu
Kuthirira rhododendron kumakhudza kwambiri chitukuko chake ndi chikhalidwe chonse. Monga pansi-wetting kotero ndi madzi zingapangitse ku zotsatira zoipa.
Chomera ichi kuposa zina zimafuna chinyezi m'nthaka ndi m'mlengalenga, makamaka nthawi ya maluwa ndi mapangidwe a masamba. Kuthirira kulemba ndi kuwerenganso kumakhudza kwambiri kuphulika kwa maluwa kwa chaka chomwe chikubwera. 
Madzi okwanira amafuna kuti azikhala ofewa, Ikhoza kukhala mvula kapena kugwa. Chinthu china chochepetseratu chingakhale kuwonjezera peat kumadzi maola 24 musanayamwe madzi.
Kuti mudziwe nthawi zambiri rhododendron iyenera kuthiriridwa, tcherani khutu ku mkhalidwe wa masamba ake. Ngati atha kukhala osasamala, ataya turgor, motero, ayenera kufulumira kuthirira nthaka, kuidyetsa masentimita 20-30 mozama.
Ndikofunikira! Mulimonsemo, mukamwetsa chomera, musawonongeke mizu yake, chifukwa ndikuthamanga kwa madzi owonjezera. Komabe, zizindikiro za waterlogging zimakhala zofanana ndi nthawi ya chilala - kuchepetsa ndi kupukuta masamba.
Feteleza
Feteleza amayamba kuchitika makamaka kumayambiriro kwa masika ndi kumaliza - kumapeto kwa July, pamene maluwa amayamba ndipo kukula kwa mphukira kumayamba. Mtengo wabwino kwambiri wa zomera zotere ndi humus. Ayenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1:15, kenako amaloledwa kuima kwa masiku angapo ndikugwiritsa ntchito monga feteleza. Onetsetsani kuthirira zitsamba musanadyetse.
Kudulira
Rhododendrons sindikusowa kudulira, popeza mwachilengedwe amatha kupanga mawonekedwe abwino. Komabe, nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira kumeta ndekha zitsamba, kuchotsa mphukira zakufa ndikubwezeretsanso chitsamba chonse.
Choyamba, pitirizani kuchita izi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mpaka madzi ayambe kusuntha pamphuno. Kumalo kumene zimayambira ndi 2-4 masentimita wandiweyani, kudula kumayenera kukonzedwa ndi phula la munda. Pambuyo pake, masamba amayamba kuwonekera m'malo amenewo, kuyambira kuyambanso. Zakale komanso zowirira kwambiri, ziyenera kudulidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 30-40 kuchokera pansi. M'chaka choyamba - theka la chitsamba, panthawi yachiwiri - chimzake. 
Momwe mungatetezere rhododrononi ku tizirombo ndi matenda
Zowonongeka kwambiri pa shrub ngati izi ndi: rhododendra bugulu ndi kangaude mite. Pakati pa matendawa, amapezeka makamaka muzu zowola, dzimbiri ndi matenda a fungal.
Pofuna kuteteza chomera chanu ku matendawa, chitani ndi kulowetsedwa kwa fodya, pamene mukuwonjezera sopo. Ndondomekoyi ikuchitika nthawi ya chilimwe masiku khumi ndi awiri.
Pochita ndi nthata za kangaude, gwiritsani ntchito emulsion ya "0.1-0.3" "Keltana" kapena 0.2% "Phosphamide", kutsanulira njira 2-3 nthawi 6 masiku asanu ndi limodzi. 
Kuwononga mizu zowola akhoza kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa Bordeaux madzi, ndi kuthetsa dzimbiri - ndi njira yothetsera potaziyamu permanganate.
Mukudziwa? Uchi ukhoza kutulutsidwa kuchokera ku rhododendron timadzi tokoma, koma izi zimakhala ndi hallucinogenic ndi laxative katundu.
Zima zamasamba
M'midzimo, kutsogolo kwa malo ogona, chifukwa m'nyengo yozizira amathirira madzi ambiri mpaka atakhala pansi. Mitengo ya zomera zomwe zimakhala zobiriwira, zaka zoyambirira mutabzala nthambi za spruce. Gwiritsani ntchito masamba owuma ouma kuti mukhale m'nyengo yozizira ya mitundu yambirimbiri. 
Ngati mumakhala m'dera la Leningrad ndipo muli ndi chidwi choti muzikhala mosamala ma rhododendrons m'nyengo yozizira, ndiye Malangizo ena awiri:
- Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kraft pepala kuti muteteze mitengo ya thermophilic.
- Ponena za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera, nthambi zawo zimagwadira pansi, m'nyengo yozizira, zimapezeka pansi pa chisanu.
- Nyumba zonsezi zimachotsedwa kumapeto kwa March kapena kumayambiriro kwa April.
Onani malo otchuka kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira yotchedwa rhododendron mitundu.Rhododendron imadabwa ndi kukongola kwake, mitundu yake yosiyanasiyana ndi chisanu kukana mitundu. Iye akhoza kukhala zokongola ndi zokongola kwa munda wanu ndi kumbuyo kwanu. Makamaka ngati mukukhala kudera la Moscow kapena Leningrad dera, nyengo yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri pa shrub, kubzala ndi kusamalira mbewu izi sizidzakhala zovuta kwa inu, koma zimangobweretsa chimwemwe ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Lilac, spirea, white deren, barberry, phulusa la mapiri (wofiira), viburnum ndi chitumbuwa chamtchire, komanso rhododendron, zitsamba zopanda kuzizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zipirire kutentha.
