Atitchoku ndi mlendo wamba yemwe sakhala wamba m'dera lathu. Mbewu yake imakhala yotheka, mwachitsanzo, mu nyengo ya kutentha, koma nyengo ya kutalika kwathu siimakhutiritsa zamasamba zomwe zimakhala zikukula. Ndilofala kwambiri m'mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yotentha: Spain, Greece, Italy, South America ndi mayiko ena akumwera. Nkhaniyi yapangidwa kuti igwiritse ntchito mafunso anu onse ponena za atitchoku, mankhwala ake ndi zotsutsana.
Kulongosola mwachidule
Atitchoku ndi ya mtundu wa zomera za banja la Astrovae. Zili ndi mazenera akuluakulu, omwe amachokera kumalo omwe amadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana. 
Ndipotu, zakudya zamtundu wa artichoke ndi maluwa omwe sanagwedezeke pa nthawi yosonkhanitsa, kutalika kwake kufika pa 7.5 masentimita, kupangidwa kuchokera ku minofu ya mamba ya kukula kwakukulu.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lachi Greek la chomera ichi ndi Cynara. - mu Kutanthauzira kwenikweni kumatanthauza "galu", lomwe likufotokozedwa ndi kuti miyeso ya zipatso zake zimafanana ndi mano a galu mu mapangidwe awo ndi kuuma.Ichi ndi chitsamba chosatha ndi tsinde lowunjika. Masamba amakhala ochuluka kwambiri, ali ndi mawonekedwe a nthenga, omwe ali ndi tsitsi lalifupi loyera, pansi pake, apange malo otsika pafupi ndi muzu.
Atikuku wamkulu amawoneka ngati nthula, chifukwa maluwa ake akuyenda ndi kuphulika kwa maluŵa ofiira kapena a buluu.
Ndi therere osatha mulinso Nemesio, Rudbeckia, gelihrizum, Volzhanka, Corydalis, phlox, alyssum, Heuchera, Alps aster, dahlias, acanthus, phiri arnica, tiarellu, chickweed, spurge paini, hemlock, aconite nkhandwe, hedgehog timu.
Kalori ndi mankhwala amapangidwa
Pofuna kumvetsetsa ubwino wa atitchoku kwa thupi, muyenera kuyamba kudzidziwa bwino ndi mankhwala ake. Mitundu ya atitchoku yomwe imakula ku France ndi ku Spain imaonedwa kuti ndi zakudya zopanda mafuta ndipo imakhala ndi 47 Kcal pa 100 g. 
Manyowa otsekemera ndi oposa caloric kusiyana ndi awo omwe amafikira - 53 Kcal pa 100 g.
Mukudziwa? Ku continent ya Australia komanso m'mayiko ena ku South America, chomera ichi chimatengedwa ngati namsongole ndipo chimawonongeka kwambiri.Zipatso za mbeuyi zili ndi chakudya chambiri (pafupifupi 15%), mapuloteni (3%), mafuta (0.1%), komanso phosphates ndi salt zosiyanasiyana za chitsulo ndi calcium. Olemera mavitamini omwe amaphatikizapo mavitamini B1, C, B2, P ndi B3, komanso carotene ndi inulini.
Zomwe zimapangidwanso zimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zamadzimadzi - chlorogenic, glycolic, glyceric, quinic ndi caffeic. Masamba omwe amaikidwa pambaliyi ali ndi mafuta ochuluka omwe amapatsa chipatso chisangalalo chabwino. 
Ubwino ndi machiritso
Zipatso zimenezi zakhala zikudziwikiratu chifukwa cha machiritso awo. Mwachitsanzo, ku Russia m'zaka za zana la 18, analimbikitsidwa kuti athe kuchiritsidwa ndi odwala ndi jaundice ndi gout, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti mankhwalawa amatchula choleretic ndi diuretic, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kufufuza kwamakono.
Panopa amadziwika kuti zokolola za mbeuyi zimayambitsa zida zokhudzana ndi chiwindi, kayendedwe ka mabakiteriya ndi impso, zomwe zimapangitsa iwo kukhala chida chabwino kwambiri chosowa mankhwala othandizira anthu.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupeza zotsatirazi pakudya mankhwalawa, ziyenera kudyedwa mwamsanga mukatha kukonzekera, chifukwa patapita nthawi ziphuphu zake zimadetsedwa ndipo zothandiza zawo zimachepa.Artichoke broths yokonzedwa malinga ndi maphikidwe otchuka amathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa uric acid ndi cholesterol m'magazi. Amathanso kuchotsa fungo losasangalatsa la thukuta ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera mphamvu za amuna ndikulimbikitsa kukondana kwa amayi.
Ntchito
Atitchoku, chifukwa cha kukoma kwake komweko ndi zopindulitsa, zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito osati m'magulu osiyanasiyana a mankhwala, komanso pakuphika.
Chimodzi mwa zosavomerezeka kwambiri, komabe chotheka chogwiritsidwa ntchito chomera ichi ndi ntchito yake ngati chakudya cha ng'ombe.
Akuphika
Zakudya za atitchoku ziyenera kudyetsedwa tsiku lomwelo. Komabe, musanayambe kudya, ndi kofunikira kuti mukonzekere bwino. Ndi bwino kuyamba ndi kuyeretsa, zomwe ziri zovuta kwambiri ndipo zimafuna luso lina.
Phunzirani za kugwiritsidwa ntchito pophika mankhwala a medlar, chabra, adyo, udzu winawake, sverbigi, anyezi-slyzuna, monarda, rokambolya, plectranthus, momordiki, lagenaria.Kuyamba ndi kuchotsa masamba onse ovuta kunja ndi villi omwe amayenera pansi pawo, ndiyeno kuchepetsa pang'ono masamba amkati.
Mafuta otsekemera amatha kusungidwa ndi mtundu uliwonse wa kuphika: kutentha, pickling, stuffing, salting ndi kuwagwiritsa ntchito monga gawo lodzaza ma pie, omelets ndi pizza.Njira yosavuta ndiyo yiritsani chipatso, kenako amatha kutumikiridwa ndi mbale iliyonse.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti muzisungunuka mwatsopano kwa nthawi yayitali, ndi bwino kuti muwaike mu njira yothetsera madzi ndi citric acid kapena viniga kwa kanthawi.
Mu mankhwala owerengeka
Kuchokera nthawi zakale, ochiritsa amitundu amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuti athetse mndandanda waukulu wa matenda osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, madzi ake pamodzi ndi uchi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira matenda osiyanasiyana a m'kamwa mwacosa: stomatitis, ming'alu m'chinenero panthawi ya ubwana ndi thrush.
Mwina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza dothi, ndi poizoni zosiyanasiyana komanso zovuta kutulutsa chikhodzodzo. 
Kuchokera nthawi zakale anthu a Chivietinamu amtengo wapatali wamtengo wapatali wotchedwa atitchoku, omwe amathandiza kwambiri, monga momwe amatha kuchepetsa kutupa kwa mucous nembanemba m'mimba ndi m'matumbo.
Mu cosmetology
Kukhoza kwa madzi a atitchoku kubwezeretsa tsitsi la tsitsi kumatchuka kuyambira nthawi ya Agiriki akale. Amatha kuthana ndi alopecia kale, koma ngakhale kuchiza matendawa.
Pofuna kuchiza matendawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kupukutira madzi a zipatso izi mu mizu ya tsitsi ndi kusasamba kwa maola angapo.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, chigobacho ndi kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a mbewu imeneyi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama ku cosmetology, chifukwa zimakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri. 
Masikiti ofanana nawo angapangidwe pogwiritsa ntchito dothi loyera malinga ndi zotsatirazi: Pambuyo kusakaniza dongo ndi madzi, yikani mchere wa 20-25 ml wa madzi a atitchoku. Maski omaliza akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pakhungu la nkhope kwa kanthawi kochepa.
Maphikidwe a mankhwala
Pochiza matenda a atherosclerosis, atitchoku Kuchokera ndi zabwino monga choleretic wothandizila. Kuti mupangidwe, muyenera kutenga zipatso za 170-200 mmunda ndikuzipera ndi chopukusira nyama kapena blender.
Zosakaniza zina zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndi mankhwalawa kuti apititse patsogolo katundu wake, mwachitsanzo, 20 g wa shuga wa zipatso, 12 g wa msondodzi, 8 g wa gentian, 7 g wa mbewu za fennel ndi 20 g wa peppermint youma.
Kenaka chirichonse chiyenera kusakanizika bwino, kutsanulira 40% mowa ndikuumirira masabata awiri pamalo ouma pamtunda wa 23-25 ° C. Pambuyo pake, chotsitsacho chikhoza kuthiridwa kuchokera ku dothi ndikutsanulira mu chidebe chakuda mthunzi kuti chizisungidwe. 
Chotsacho chimachotsedwa pamlomo pa supuni imodzi katatu patsiku, 1.5 maola atatha.
Tincture yochokera pa zipatso izi imakonzedwa mofanana. Tengani makilogalamu 0,5 a masamba a attichoke owuma ndi kuwadzaza ndi 1 lita imodzi ya mowa 40%. Kenaka, lolani kuti ikhale yopuma kwa masiku 14 pamalo amdima ndi ozizira, pambuyo pake mudzakonzekera kudya.
Chida ichi chikulimbikitsidwa kutenga katatu patsiku, kuchepetsa musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito 100 ml ya madzi okhala.
Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala zopangira
Kwa kupanga mankhwala zopangira makamaka ntchito masamba ndi inflorescences, ena amachiritso amalimbikitsanso kusonkhanitsa mizu ya chomera ichi, komabe kafukufuku wamakono awonetsa kuti palibe mankhwala omwe amapangidwa kuchokera kwa iwo.
Kukolola kwakukulu kumachitika nyengo ya masika. 
Nthawi yabwino yosonkhanitsa masamba ndi nyengo yamaluwa, pamene inflorescences akulimbikitsidwa kusonkhanitsidwa mwamsanga maluwa atakula. Artichokes sangathe kukhala osakonzekera kwa nthawi yayitali, choncho ndi bwino kuyamba kukonzekera mwamsanga mutatha kusonkhana, ndipo mutha kudya.
Contraindications ndi kuvulaza
Atitchoku imakhala ndi polyphenol yambiri, yomwe imachititsa kuti kusungunuka ndi kupititsa patsogolo bile mu tsamba la biliary. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito mosamala kwa anthu omwe amadwala cholecystitis, biliary dyskinesia ndi cholelithiasis.
Ndizosafunika kudya mavutikiti kwa anthu omwe salola kulemba masamba, makamaka maonekedwe ake okhwima, chifukwa masamba ake ali ndi zochuluka.
Komabe, anyamata aang'ono omwe amatha kupanga amtengo wapang'ono samakhala ndi katundu wofanana, ndipo amatha kudya bwino. 
Komanso, masambawa amatha kuchepetsa kupanikizika, kotero anthu omwe akudwala hypotension, akulimbikitsidwa kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Anthu omwe akudwala matenda osiyanasiyana odyetsa zakudya komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo amaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya.
Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi yakuthandizani kupeza yankho la mafunso anu okhudza atitchoku ndi ubwino wake wa thanzi. Werengani mosamala mndandanda wa zotsutsana ndi ntchito yake, musanagwiritse ntchito zipangizozo kapena kudya chakudya. Odala ndi chilakolako chabwino!
