Raspberries - mabulosi omwe ali ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino, zomwe zimakumbukiridwa bwino, zomwe amamukonda ndi wamaluwa.
Komabe, zokolola za tchire chifukwa cha zozizwitsa za chilengedwe zimakhala zosafunika kwambiri. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, obereketsa apanga mitundu yapadera ya rasipiberi, yotchedwa remontants, yomwe imatha kubzala mbewu kangapo nthawi imodzi.
Nkhaniyi idzafotokoza imodzi mwa raspberries - Zyugan, kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana, zokolola ku chitsamba chimodzi, kubzala ndi kusamalira.
Mbiri yobereka
Mbiri ya kusankhidwa kwa mitundu ya rasipiberi iyi imayambira ku Switzerland, kumene wamaluwa am'munda amatha kutenga zinyama zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingakhale zothandiza pamsewu komanso zimakhala ndi zolemera kwambiri, komanso zimakhala ndi katundu wa remontant.
Mukudziwa? Mu mbalame za "slang" "raspberries" amatchedwa hangout yomwe anthu ophwanya malamulo amasonkhana atachita ntchito zawo zakuda. Chithunzi chofanana cha rasipiberi chinapeza chiwonetsero mu nyimbo yotchuka "Murka".
Potsirizira pake, Lubera anapambana pa izi mwa kudutsa mitundu ngati Terri Louise ndi Joan Squre. Pakalipano, rasipiberizi zosiyanasiyana ndi mtsogoleri wogulitsa mbewu ndi bungwe lino.
Mafotokozedwe ndi zosiyana za zosiyanasiyana
Makhalidwe a Zyugan rasipiberi ndi okondweretsa, ochepa mwa mitundu yoweta amatha kupikisana ndi izi mu zokolola, kukongola ndi kukoma. Kuphatikiza pa phindu lodziwika bwino mwa mawonekedwe a zipatso, mutha kupeza zowonjezera phindu poyamba kubzala mbande zogulitsa, zomwe sizili zovuta kuzigwiritsira ntchito.
Mitengo
Kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi chapamwamba kwambiri kuposa chiwerengero ndipo chikhoza kuwoloka 1.9 m. Chimawoneka molunjika, koma chochepa, chophimbidwa ndi minga yambiri yaing'ono komanso m'malo ena ndi mankhwala ochepa.
Amapereka mphukira yaikulu kwambiri m'dzinja. Chitsamba chimakhala chophwanyika, chimakonda kukula osati kumbali, koma pamwamba. 
Zipatso
Kuwonjezera pa kukoma kwabwino, zipatso za Zyugan zowonjezeretsa rasipiberi zimakhalanso ndi zabwino kwambiri zotengera komanso kusunga khalidwe. Mukasonkhana, chipatsochi chingakhale chopanda kusintha kwa masiku 4, komanso m'mafiriji osachepera sabata.
Mukudziwa? Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zipatso zamadzimadzi mu rasipiberi zipatso zokhazikika, zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chinthu chomwe chimathandiza kuchepetsa matenda a hangover.
Maonekedwe a mabulosiwa ndi ozungulira ndipo ali ndi luso labwino pa dzuwa, mtundu - ukadzala, uli wofiira kwambiri, uli ndi crimson hue wotchulidwa. Drupe ndi wandiweyani kwambiri, bwanji chipatso sichikutha.
Mabulosiwa amatsutsa kwambiri kutentha, chifukwa chake saphika padzuwa. Kulemera kwa mabulosi ndi malamulo onse a kulima akhoza kufika 6-7 g.
Pereka
Izi rasipiberi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zozizwitsa zokolola, ndi chitsamba chomwe chili ndi mphukira 7-10, ndipo zimapanga 2 mbewu iliyonse pa nyengo ndizotheka kusonkhanitsa 7-9 makilogalamu a zipatso ku chitsamba chimodzi. 
Malingana ndi wamaluwa ena, ali ndi chidwi komanso mosamala, chizindikiro ichi chikhoza kuwonjezeka kufika pa 12 kg.
Matenda oteteza matenda
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mitundu yonse ya rasipiberi yowonongeka yakula mosiyana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komabe, mu mkhalidwe wambiri wa chinyezi, pali kuthekera kuti chitsamba chanu chidzakhala ndi matenda ena oyipa: tsamba lofiira, ventilla, septoria, anthracnose kapena wilt.
Onetsetsani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ravberant monga a Heritage, Hercules, Atlant, Gusar, Caramel, Polka, Yellow Giant.Matenda onsewa akhoza kuchiritsidwa mwa kuchiza shrub wanu ndi yankho la fungicide.
Zima hardiness
Raspberry ya Zyugan imakhala yotchulidwa bwino kwambiri yozizira-yovuta, yomwe idakondana ndi wamaluwa ambiri ochokera m'mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira. Zitsambazi zikhoza kulimbana ndi chisanu -30 ° C kufika -35 ° C popanda kuvulaza kwambiri.
Makamaka bwino tchire lidzathandiza kupulumuka m'nyengo yozizira yowona chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa, chomwe chidzakhala ngati chophimba. 
Momwe mungasankhire mbande pamene mukugula
Mukamagula rasipiberi mbande muyenera kukumbukira kuti zing'onozing'ono zake, kukula kwake kuti zidzakula mizu ndikukula bwino komanso mwamsanga.
Mbande zokhala ndi mphukira zazikulu mutabzala zimakhala ndi zochuluka kwambiri zowonjezera pang'onopang'ono kukula kwa zimayambira, pamene ntchito yoyamba yobzala chaka choyamba cha raspberries ndiyo kukula kwa mizu.
Ndikofunikira! Pogula, chidwi chenicheni chiyenera kulipidwa ku mizu, yomwe iyenera kukhala ndi nthambi zambiri, kukhala fibrous ndipo osakhala ndi 3-4 pamwamba mapesi.
Kumbukiraninso kuti musagule kugula mbewu mmisika, popeza ogulitsa kawirikawiri samayang'anitsitsa kusinthasintha kwa katundu wawo ndikuyika mizu ya mbande mu matumba apulasitiki, zomwe zingawachititse kuti zivute ndipo m'tsogolomu zidzakhala zoipa kapena kuti zisamazuke konse.
Mwayi ndikuti ngakhale kupeza mbande yabwino yomwe mungapange kuchokera kwa iyo masewera achibadwa. 
Kusankha malo abwino
Rasipiberi ndi chomera chomwe sichilekerera mphamvu ya zojambula zosiyanasiyana, komanso mphepo yambiri ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, yomwe zipatso zake zimayamba kugwa, choncho zimalimbikitsa kuziyika m'madera otsekedwa ndi mphamvu ya chinthu china, mwachitsanzo, pansi pa makoma a nyumba kapena mpanda.
Kuunikira
Zyugana imafuna dzuwa lambiri, lomwe limapindulitsa kwambiri pa njira ya photosynthesis yomwe imachitika mkati mwa chomera ndipo imathandizira kukula kwa mbande ndi kucha zipatso zolimba.
Choncho, m'pofunika kulima pa malo omwe angakhale pansi pa dzuwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
Nthaka
Pakuti kulima mitundu iyi ya rasipiberi ndibwino kwambiri nthaka yomwe ili ndi zakudya zambiri, makamaka ndi dongosolo lochepa kwambiri. 
Zimakhala zosatheka kudzala raspberries mmalo kumene zomera zamoyo za solanaceous ndi zina za rasipiberi zimakula, popeza zomera izi zimatulutsa zinthu zomwe zimaletsa kukula kwa mizu ya tchire.
Ntchito yokonzekera
Musanayambe kubzala, mukuyenera kuchita njira zingapo zosavuta kuti pakhale chitukuko chokhazikika cha mbeu ndi chitukuko chake chochuluka.
Choyamba, nkofunikira kufufuza mosamala mizu ya kuwonongeka, ndi kuthetsa ziwalo zonse zomwe ziri ndi zofooka.
Ndiye m'pofunika kuchotsa masamba onse pa zimayambira ndikudulidwa mpaka kutalika kwa 20-30 masentimita, pambuyo pake mmerawo umalowetsedwa mu chisakanizo chokhala ndi mullein ndi dothi. Mukhozanso kuthana ndi chitsa cha mbeu ndi aliyense wopititsa patsogolo. 
Njira yolowera mofulumira
Raspiberi ya Zyugan si yosiyana pang'ono ndi mitundu yamba ya rasipiberi pa nkhani za kubzala ndi kusamalira, koma maonekedwe ena adakalipo, omwe adzakambirane mopitirira.
Chiwerengero chokhazikika chokhazikika ndi ichi:
- Choyamba, ndikofunikira kukonzekera maenje, kuya kwake kudzafike 40-50 cm, ndipo kutalika kwake kunali 40x40 cm.
- Pansi pa dzenje m'pofunika kuyika chisakanizo chokhala ndi magawo awiri a nthaka yachonde, 1 gawo la peat kapena mchenga ndi gawo limodzi la manyowa.
- Kuchokera pamwamba, muyenera kupanga galasi la mchere feteleza, makamaka amofoski kapena nitroamofoski, mukhoza kuwonjezera potaziyamu sulfure kapena kotala chikho cha phulusa.
- Pambuyo pake, sapling imayikidwa mu dzenje kuti mizu ikhale bwino ndipo musagwedezeke pamalo aliwonse, yophimba ndi nthaka, nthawi zonse kuphatikiza nthaka yozungulira.
- Kenako, obzalidwa zomera amatsanulira ndi madzi, pafupifupi chidebe pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse ndi mulch nthaka ndi peat, kutchetcha udzu kapena udzu.
Kusamalira bwino - chinsinsi chokolola chabwino
Kusamalira rasipiberi kumafuna chidziwitso ndi luso lapadera, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito kukolola kosavuta ndi kokoma.
Kuthirira ndi kukulitsa
Raspberries amafunika kuthiriridwa tsiku ndi tsiku, makamaka m'nyengo ya chilimwe, zomwe siziyenera kukhala zochulukira, chifukwa izi zingayambitse mizu yowola ndikupitiriza kufala.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mulibe mwayi wothira raspberries tsiku lililonse, yesetsani kukhazikitsa njira yothirira madzi yomwe yatsimikiziridwa kuti ili yothandiza kwambiri ndipo yayigwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'dziko lathu kwazaka zambiri.
Muyenera kumwa madzulo kapena m'mawa, chidebe chimodzi cha madzi pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira, mutha kuzungulira nthaka kuzungulira zomera ndi udzu, peat kapena udzu watsopano.
Kupeta ndi kumasula
Malingana ndi malo apamwamba a mizu, kumasulidwa kwa nthaka kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi chisamaliro choopsa kuti asawononge izo. Kutsegulira ku kuya koposa 5 cm sikuloledwa. 
Ngakhale kuti zingathe kuvulaza, zimakhala zofunikiranso, monga momwe rhizomes za chomeracho zimafunira mpweya wabwino kwa iwo. Kupalira bwino kumapangidwa mwaluso, pamene mukuyesera kusokoneza mizu.
Kudyetsa
Rasipiberi amafunikira chaka chonse kupanga zovala zambiri. Chovala choyamba chiyenera kukhala m'chaka, chisanu chikabwera ndipo chiyenera kukhala ndi urea. Ndipo kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September, chomeracho chimamera ndi chithandizo cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana zamchere.
M'nyengo ya chilimwe, ndi bwino kusinthana pakati pa kudya ndi organic substances ndi mchere feteleza. Chomera chabwino cha feteleza cha raspberries chochokera ku zinthu zakuthupi chidzavunda manyowa, ndipo pakati pa mchere superphosphate zidzakhala ntchito yabwino kwambiri.
Trellis
Popeza kutalika kwa rasipiberi zosiyanasiyana kumakhala kochititsa chidwi, ndi bwino kuti tiyike pa trellis pafupi ndi tchire - nyumba yomwe imathandizira chomera.
Chomera chosavuta kwambiri chimakhala ndi zipilala ziwiri, pakati pazinthu zamkati kapena zingwe zomwe zimatambasula, pomwe zomera zimakhazikika pamene zikukula. 
Kwa izi zosiyanasiyana, tikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa mizere iwiri trellis ndi kutalika kwa 1.7-2 m. Wamba woyamba watambasula pamtunda wa 40-70 masentimita, ndipo wachiwiri - 1.4-1.6 mamita. Garter ndizofunikira, zomwe zidzathandiza kuti nthambi izi zisungidwe, zothandizira pakukonzekera kwawo, zidzathandizira ntchito yothandizira.
Kudulira
Kudulira ayenera kuchitika m'chilimwe, pambuyo rasipiberi otplodonosit. Anadula mphukira zomwe zinapatsa mbewu. M'nyengo yophukira, chomera chimayamba kupereka kuchuluka kwa mphukira zomwe ziyenera kudulidwa, chifukwa amasankha madzi kuchokera ku mphukira yaikulu.
Pali 8-12 mphukira pamtunda. Kumapeto kwa nyengo, zidzakhala zofunikira kudula zonse zophweka ndi mphukira zazing'ono, pamene mukulemekeza malamulo okhudza chiwerengero cha mphukira pa chitsamba chachikulu.
Pogona m'nyengo yozizira
Asanayambe kugwedeza frosts, m'pofunika kugulira zonse zimayambira pansi, kuziwaza ndi nthaka, kapena kuzimangiriza ku khola.
Phunzirani momwe mungakonzekerere raspberries m'nyengo yozizira.Ngati nyengo m'dera lanu ili ndi chipale chofewa, simukuyenera kudandaula za kumanga nyumba zowonjezera, koma ngati kutentha kukugwa pansi -35 ° C, ndiye kuti muyeneranso kuphimba chitsamba chokhala ndi chophimba chachikulu ndikuyesera kuti musapange mipata.
Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi inakuthandizani kukhala ndi maganizo olakwika ngati mukufunika kukula rasipiberi pa tsamba lanu. Kumbukirani kuti kubzala bwino ndi kusamala kwambiri ndi zifukwa zazikulu zopezera zokolola zabwino.
