Dzina la tomato "Ziwoneka-zosadziŵika" ndizoyenera - olima amtundu uwu adakondana ndi zipatso zambiri za pinki zazikulu. Chomeracho chikhoza kubzalidwa pamalo otseguka ndi otetezedwa, mu greenhouses, komanso ngakhale miphika yambiri pa khonde kapena mawindo. Zosiyanazi sizinalembedwe ngati zopindulitsa zokwanira, komabe, ngakhale izi zakhala zikuyenda bwino pakati pa anthu a chilimwe ndi midzi. Kuwonjezera apo mu nkhaniyi tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane za ubwino ndi zoipa za zosiyana siyana, zochitika ndi malamulo a zamakono zaulimi, komanso zinsinsi zobweretsa zokolola zazikulu, zokoma.
Kuwoneka ndi kufotokoza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana
Zizindikiro za phwetekere "Ziwoneka zosatheka" zikuphatikizapo zigawo zingapo zazikulu - izi ndi zoyamba kucha, zololera, zosiyana-siyana za tomato. Chomeracho ndi cha mtundu wodziwika (mwachitsanzo, tsinde limasiya kukula mwamsanga pamene ovary amapangidwa ndi chipatso).
Mitundu yakukula yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato "Shuttle", "Solerosso", "Aelita Sanka", "Rio Fuego", "Liana", "De Barao", "Golden Heart", "Bokele", "Riddle", "Labrador" ".
Kutalika kwa chitsamba kumasiyana kuyambira 40 mpaka 100 cm. Kuchokera nthawi yomwe mbewuzo zidabzalidwa mpaka zipatso zoyamba zitengedwa, zimatenga pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Alimi amadziwa kuti chomerachi chimadwala kwambiri matenda a fungal ndi tizirombo.
Ndikofunikira! Popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yochepa, kukhalapo kwazitsamba zolimba kuthengo sikofunikira. Komabe, tsinde likhoza kutha chifukwa cha chiwerengero chachikulu ndi kulemera kwa zipatso, motero, tchire zabwino kwambiri zimayenera kumangirizidwa.
Zotsatira za Zipatso
Matimati "Zikuwoneka-zosawoneka" ndi zipatso zazikulu, zokhazikika zomwe zimakhala ndi khungu losalala ndi lakuda. Kulemera kwa phwetekere kuchapaka 180-300 g, mtundu ndi wofiira, wobiriwira wa phesi salipo, kukoma kwake ndi kokoma ndi kowawasa, komwe kumapezeka mitundu yambiri ya phwetekere.
Zipatso mawonekedwe, kukula ndi kucha nthawi imodzi, fruiting nthawi yayitali: tomato akhoza kukolola kumapeto kwa June mpaka October.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana
Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyanazi ndi kuphulika koyamba kwa chipatso, msinkhu wa mbewu (yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri, chifukwa chitsamba sichimafuna kumanga zogwirizana), kukana kuchepa kochedwa. Zowonjezera zazikulu ndizokolola za phwetekere "Zikuwoneka zosabisika" - malingana ndi malamulo odzala, kukula ndi kusiya 1 square. M akhoza kusonkhanitsa mpaka makilogalamu 15 pa nyengo (kulingalira kuti mbeu zitatu zimabzalidwa pa 1 mita imodzi).
M'mawu ena Zokolola za chitsamba chimodzi zimatha kufika makilogalamu asanu. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, zipatso zimakhala zabwino kwa nthawi yaitali yosungirako, kumalongeza ndi kuyendetsa - tomato musasokoneze ndipo musatope, musunge kukoma kwawo koyambirira.
Mukudziwa? Mzu wa tomato ena ukhoza kufika mamita 1 mozama ndikukula 1.5-2.5 mamita ambiri. Mbali ya pamwambayi imatha kufika mamita awiri, ndipo kulemera kwake kwa cholembera ndi 2.9 kg.
Zina mwa zofooka za mtundu uwu zikhoza kuzindikiranso zofuna zake kuthirira ndi kudyetsa. Malamulo okwanirira mosamala kwambiri ayenera kuwonedwa panthawi ya ovary ndi kucha zipatso.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi
Monga tanenera pamwambapa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phwetekere "Zikuoneka kuti Invisible" imatanthawuza kuzipereka, komabe, kuti muthe msinkhu uliwonse, mumayenera kubzala mbewu, kukonzekera mbande ndi kusamalira mwachikondi tchire panthawi yopanga ndi zipatso. Kenaka, timaganizira malamulo oyambirira a ulimi mu sukuluyi.
Kukonzekera mbewu, kubzala mbewu ndikuzisamalira
Kulima tomato kumayamba ndi kusankha mbewu. Ngati mulibe mbewu yanu yokolola, iyenera kugula: kaya m'masitolo apadera, kapena kuchokera ku zitsimikizidwe za nyengo ya chilimwe, zomwe mungathe kuyesa. Mbewu ziyenera kutulutsidwa, zitayika zopanda pake ndi kuonongeka.
Muyeneranso kugwira pang'ono kuyesa kumera: Zosankhidwazo zimalowetsedwa mu galasi ndi madzi osakanizidwa mchere. Pambuyo pa mphindi 15, fufuzani zotsatira - zowonongeka ndizoyenera kubzala.
Ndi bwino kudzala mbewu za zosiyanasiyanazi mu March (chifukwa cha gawo la pakati). Mbewu imabzalidwa m'zitsulo zing'onozing'ono kuti mukhale wakuya masentimita 1. Kuti mukonze nthaka, muyenera kusakaniza mitundu yambiri ya humus, nthaka yakuda, mchenga wa mtsinje. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yothira. Mbewu imabzalidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 1, mutabzala nthaka ingakhale yothira ndi botolo la kutsitsi.
Mbewu imayenera kuonetsetsa kuti nyengo yowonjezera ikuyenda bwino - mkati mwa +22 ° C. Kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha, akhoza kuwonetsedwa ndi filimuyo. Pambuyo kumera, filimuyi iyenera kuchotsedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Feteleza saloledwa mu mbande musanatenge. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yothira ngati pakufunika.
Kuti mudziwe nthawi yoyenera kusankha tomato mukhoza kukhala ndi masamba awiri pa tsinde, pafupipafupi, izi zimachitika patapita masiku 7 mpaka 10 mutabereka mbewu. Pakusankha, mungasankhe makapu apulasitiki kapena makaseti apadera a mbande. Mukamagwira ntchito ndi ziphuphu, muziyesetsa kuwagwira ndi manja anu mochepa momwe mungathere: ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito dothi ladothi pazitsamba.
Zomera zowonjezera ziyenera kugawidwa bwino, kudula dzenje pansi ndi pensulo, mwachitsanzo, kukulitsa nyemba ku kukula kwa masamba ndi kuwaza nthaka, mopepuka kuigwedeza ndi zala zanu. Pambuyo pake, mbande zikhoza kusakanizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito botolo lachitsulo ndi kutentha kwa madzi. Pafupipafupi, pakatha miyezi iwiri mbande ingabzalidwe.
Mmera ndi kubzala pansi
Ganizirani nthawi yobzala mbande zingakhale zochokera pa nthaka yomwe mudzaibzala - mu mbeu yotentha yotentha imatha kubzalidwa m'gawo loyamba la May, pamalo otseguka (pansi pa filimuyi) - mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa May. Kumayambiriro kwa June, mbande za tomato zingabzalidwe mu nthaka yotseguka.
Poyambirira, nkofunika kufota nthaka, mungagwiritse ntchito, mwachitsanzo, humus pamtunda wa makilogalamu 6 pa 1 sq. Km. m. Kenaka, muyenera kukumba dzenje pamtunda wa masentimita 30, ngati 1 lalikulu. M sayenera kukula kuposa 3-4 madzu a tomato. Mu chitsime chilichonse, mutha kutsanulira 1 tbsp. l phulusa, mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza zovuta zomwe zili ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu ndi kufufuza zinthu.
Nthaka zitsime ziyenera kusungunuka bwino, 1 l madzi adzakhala okwanira nthaka yonyowa, komanso 2 l nthaka yolema. Pamene madzi akumwa, ndikofunikira kukonzekera mbande: kuchotsani ku makapu, kuyesera kusokoneza dothi ladothi pazitsulo. Mbande ziyenera kukhala zakuya, owazidwa ndi dziko ndi pang'ono rammed. Zomera zimabzalidwa ndi peat.
Nthawi zina zimakhala kuti panthawi yopatsira, zimakhala zochepa. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunikira kuchotsa masamba angapo apansi ndi kukulitsa nyemba mu nthaka pamzere wa kukula kwake.
Mukudziwa? Kuti mupeze 1 makilogalamu a tomato wouma, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito 8-14 makilogalamu atsopano, popeza phwetekere 95% imakhala ndi madzi.
Kusamalira ndi kuthirira
Ndikofunikira kusamalira bwino mbewu zomwe zimabzalidwa: ngati kuli koyenera, kumanga, kuthira ndi kupereka mphamvu yothirira.
Monga tanenera kale, tchire la phwetekere "Ziwoneka-zosawoneka" sizitha kupitirira 100 masentimita mu msinkhu ndipo zimatengedwa kuti ndizofupika. Komabe, angafunikire kumangirizidwa, monga tsinde lingawonongeke chifukwa cha kulemera ndi chiwerengero cha tomato - zipatso zokwana 16 zingapangidwe pa shrub imodzi. Komanso garter imateteza tomato ku slugs, tizilombo komanso kukhudzana ndi nthaka yonyowa.
Garter ikhoza kuchitika m'njira zingapo:
- Ndi chithandizo cha zingwe. Imeneyi ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri. Pafupi ndi chitsamba chilichonse ayenera kuyendetsa nkhuni, chifukwa cha galasi, mungagwiritse ntchito kuchuluka kwa chingwe, zingwe, tepi. Chitsamba chimangirizidwa pamwamba pa tsinde, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti musapitirize kudula tsinde kapena kuwononga. Pamene chitsamba chikukula, garter iyenera kusunthira pamwamba.
- Ndi trellis. Kwa njira iyi, muyenera kuyendetsa ndodo ziwiri zitsulo pamphepete mwa bedi, kutalika kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupi 1-1.5 mamita kuti akhale chete. Pa ndodo izi waya akutambasulidwa pang'onopang'ono, kumene tchire amangirizidwa.
- Njira yowonjezera. Pamphepete mwa mabedi amafunikanso kuyendetsa nkhumba, pakati pakati kutambasula waya. Kuchokera pamtunda uwu kupita ku chitsamba chilichonse pamtunda pali chingwe, chomwe chimamangiriza.
Kuphatikiza pa ubwino wina, garter amathandizira kwambiri kuthirira tchire, zomwe zimachitidwa mozama pansi pazu, zimatsimikizira kuti mpweya umayenda pakati pa zomera, ndi kuonjezera liwiro la zipatso zakucha.
Pofuna kulimbikitsa fruiting, m'pofunika kuchita pasynkovanie nthawi - kuchotsa mphukira zina (leafons) mu tsamba axils. Ngati izi sizinachitike, chitsamba chachikulu chomwe chili ndi masamba ambiri ndi nsonga komanso mapulaneti ochepa komanso zipatso zambiri. Ogulitsa amakonda kawirikawiri masamba ochepa komanso osachepera.
Ndikofunikira! Zosiyanasiyana za Tomato "Zikuwoneka kuti siziwoneka" zimagwirizana ndi determinants, mwachitsanzo, ndi kukula kochepa, choncho staving sangakhoze kuchitidwa mofulumira kwambiri, izi zikhoza kudzaza ndi wathunthu mu kukula kwa chitsamba.Zitsamba zazomerazi zingapangidwe mu 1-2 zimayambira, chifukwa chaichi ndikofunika kuchoka pakati pa tsinde limodzi ndi 1-2 mwazitali zamtundu umodzi, kuchotsa zitsamba zina zomwe zili pamwamba pamtunda waukulu.
Kwambiri ndikofunika kuti tisiyanitse njira zomwe zimachokera maluwa, chifukwa mwa kusadziwa n'kotheka kuchotsa ndodo yomwe imawombera, motero kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mbeu. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kulipo pamaso pa masamba: pamene mwanayo akuyamba kukula, ali kale ndi mapepala, nthawi zonse sali pambali ya maluwa.
Masking ndi yofunikira pamene chomera chikuyamba kukula molimba komanso chilimbikitso. Kuti muyambe kuchita, ndi bwino kusankha nthawi yammawa, musagwiritse ntchito lumo kapena mpeni, koma muthetsani mosamalitsa njira yomwe kutalika kwake kuli masentimita 5.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti musamalire bwino tomato kuthirira. Tomato sangalekerere chilala ndi chinyezi chokwanira. Pofuna kupewa zovuta ziwiri, dothi liyenera kuthira ngati likuuma, pamene muyenera kupewa kuyanika nthaka.
Mwachitsanzo, m'madera okhala ndi nyengo youma, tomato ayenera kupereka madzi okwanira masiku asanu ndi awiri. Kutha kwa madzi kumayambitsa kukhetsa ovary panthawi yomwe amapanga, kapena powaza tomato nthawi yakucha. Ngati kuli kotheka, ndi bwino kukonza madzi okwanira pansi pa tomato - pogwiritsa ntchito mabotolo apulasitiki kapena zida zina. Njirayi idzawathandiza kupeŵa matenda ndi zowola, kupanga mapeyala pa malo a ulimi wothirira.
Ngati njira yothirira nthaka ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, munthu ayenera kupewa mosakayikira chinyezi chachinyezi kumalo obiriwira a chomera, kutsogolera ndegeyo pamzu. Ndi njirayi, tchire liyenera kuyendetsedwa - "kukulunga" muzu ndi udzu kapena masamba.
Popeza "Ziwoneka-zosaoneka" zikutanthauza mitundu yambirimbiri, kuthira madzi kwafupipafupi kumakhala kuchepetsedwa nthawi ya kucha zipatso, ndipo pang'onopang'ono amasiya kwathunthu kusungunula. Izi zidzafulumira kucha ndi kupulumutsa tomato ku matenda.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Imodzi mwa ubwino wa tomato zosiyanasiyanazi ndikumana ndi zovuta zowonongeka ndi matenda a fungal. Komabe chomera zikhoza kukhudza matenda ena: zowola pamwamba, malo owada. Pofuna kuthana ndi matenda, njira yothetsera mankhwala "Fitolavin" imagwiritsidwa ntchito, onse akukula ndi zipatso ndi mbande. Calcium nitrate ingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Komabe, matendawa ndi ovuta kupewa, chifukwa amatha kugunda ndi kuwononga mbewu zonsezo. Pofuna kupewa:
- pewani feteleza wambiri;
- kuchita pasynkovaniye mu nthawi, kuti asalole wambiri anabzala baka;
- onetsetsani nthawi yake, kuthirira okwanira;
- ngati nthaka ikudiririra, kuti ikhale ndi mulching, idyani udzu, udzu, masamba, namsongole (popanda mbewu), filimu, utuchi woumba ngati mulch;
- perekani kuwomba ngati tomato amabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Komanso, kuti mupewe kuipitsidwa, m'pofunikira kuti muzitha kuchiza mbeuyo pothetsa potassium permanganate.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kuchepetsa zokolola: whitefly, Colorado mbatata kachilomboka, slugs, beet, aphid.
Mankhwala awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha tizirombo: Konfidor, Pegasus, Fitoverm. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito njira zachikhalidwe: infusions wa adyo, phulusa zamtengo, kusuta fodya. Ndikofunikira kuti ndikumbe bwino nthaka kuti igwetse zisa.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti fructification ikhale yaikulu
Pofuna kuonjezera zokolola za zipatso ndikupangitsa kuti zipatso zizikhala bwino, biostimulants amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano, zomwe ngakhale zing'onozing'ono zimakhudza zomera. Biostimulants ali ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Kuchepetsa matendawa, matenda osokonekera.
- Kuthamangitsani njira za zomera kukula ndi zipatso kucha.
- Limbikitsani chitukuko cha mizu.
- Limbikitsani zomera kuti zikhale pansi.
Monga zosangalatsa, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa "Biostim", "Epin", "Kornevin", "Zircon", "Immunocytofin", "Novosil". Ndikofunika kwambiri kutsatira ndondomeko ndi mlingo pamene mukugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga mankhwala ena ali poizoni kwa anthu, pomwe ena ngati mlingowo wadutsa akhoza kuvulaza tomato.
Pewani mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala mankhwala wamba - madzi a alosi. Kugwiritsira ntchito madzi kungapangitse zokolola za tomato ndi 1/4.
Zipatso ntchito
Zipatso zingadye zonse zatsopano komanso zamzitini. Zotsutsana ndibwino kusankha zipatso zolondola, zazing'ono. Mukhoza kupanga timadziti, mapepala, ndiwo zamasamba, masamba ndi zovala za tomato akuluakulu. Chifukwa cha kukoma kokoma, tomato watsopano adzagwirizana ndi saladi, chakudya chokoma. Zipatso zimalekerera kayendetsedwe ka katundu ndi kusungirako chifukwa cha peel chokhazikika, musataye kukoma kokhala.
M'nkhaniyi, tafufuza mwatsatanetsatane kufotokoza za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phwetekere "Zikuoneka kuti Invisible," inafotokoza maonekedwe a zaulimi zaulimi, adapeza mtundu wa ubwino ndi zopweteka zosiyanasiyana zomwe zilipo, ndipo adaphunzira momwe angapezere zipatso zochuluka, zathanzi ndi zazikulu kuchokera pa webusaitiyi.
