Mapeyala "Basi Maria" - mphatso yopita kudziko kuchokera kwa obereketsa ku Belarus.
Icho ndi cha gulu lalikulu la mitundu, ndipo liri pafupi kwambiri pakati pa mchere.
Anthu ambiri amatcha chomera chodabwitsa ichi "Santa Maria" chifukwa chodzichepetsa pa chisamaliro ndi zokolola zabwino kwambiri zozizwitsa kukoma.
Mbiri yobereka
Peyala "Just Maria" ndi mtundu watsopano wa Chibalarusi. Anakhazikitsidwa mu 2010 pa maziko a Institute for Fruit Kukula ndi gulu la obereketsa: MG Myalik, O.A. Yakimovich ndi G.A. Alekseeva. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Maria basi" ndi chifukwa chodutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hybrid 6/89 100 ndi Oil Ro, yomwe imadziwika ndi makhalidwe ake. 
Kulengedwa kwa mitundu yosiyana "Maria basi" kunayambidwa ndi ntchito yosankhidwa yaitali. Poyamba, zomera zinayikidwa muyitcha yotchedwa kusankha, komwe m'chaka chachisanu anapatsa mbewu yoyamba. Ndiye iwo anasankhidwa makope a makhalidwe awo achisanu hardiness, fruiting ndi khalidwe la zipatso okha. Makhalidwe amenewa anali othandiza pakupanga zosiyanasiyana "Maria basi." Kale mu 2003, adagwera mu gulu la mitundu yayikulu, atadziwonetsera yekha ngati ndondomeko yabwino.
Poyambirira, zosiyanazo zimatchedwa Maria, monga momwe mungaganizire, polemekeza wozilenga ndi mtsogoleri wawo, Maria Grigorievna Myalik. Komabe, posakhalitsa mapeyala awa adatchulidwa modzichepetsa kuti "Only Maria" - nthawi ino pambuyo pa ma TV omwe adatchuka nthawi imeneyo.
Mukudziwa? Asanakhale fodya ku kontinenti, anthu a ku Ulaya ankagwiritsa ntchito mapeyala owumawo chifukwa cha kusuta.
Kulongosola kwa mtengo
Mitengo yamitengo "Maria basi" ikufotokozedwa ngati chomera chakumwamba. Amafika mamita atatu mu msinkhu.. Mapeyalawa ali ndi korona wa makulidwe awiri mpaka theka mamita awiri, mapiramidi. 
Mtengo ukufika pamtunda wake waukulu pofika zaka khumi. Nthambi zimachokera ku thunthu pafupi ndi mbali yoyenera, kutsogozedwa mmwamba. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe a ovalo popanda kuphulika.
Ndikofunikira! Korona wa mtengo sayenera kukhala yopapatiza kwambiri. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugwetsa nthambi zowongoka kwambiri ndikuzisiya kwa chaka.
Kufotokozera Zipatso
Zipatso za zosiyanasiyana "Maria yekha" ndi zazikulu kwambiri - peyala iliyonse imatha kufika mazana awiri magalamu. Zipatso zili ndi mawonekedwe a peyala, omwe amakhala ngati mapeyala ndi tsinde lalifupi ndi lakuda. Pamwamba pa chipatsocho ziyenera kukhala zosalala ndi zosalala, khungu - zofewa ndi zoonda, pang'ono zakuda.
Kufikira kukhwima, mapeyala amapeza mtundu wa golide ndipo amalengeza mfundo zobiriwira zobiriwira. Monga zipatso zakupsa zimaphimbidwa ndi zosangalatsa zokometsera. Mnofu ndi wotumbululuka chikasu, osakanikirana komanso osakhala wandiweyani. 
Kuwonjezera pa kulongosola kwakunja, kutchulidwa kuyenera kupangidwa ndi makhalidwe apadera a "Maria" osiyanasiyana. Amadziwika ndi kukoma kwabwino, juiciness ndi fungo labwino. Zochita zimapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "Simply Maria" ndi kuyerekeza kwa 4.8 pa mlingo wa mfundo zisanu pazinthu za kukoma. Shuga zokhudzana ndi mapeyala amenewa zimacheza 80%.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti "Maria yekha" amatha kubzala mbewu ndi makhalidwe abwino, ngakhale mu nyengo yovuta kapena agrotechnical.
Mukudziwa? Ku China, mitengo ya peyala imatengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha kusafa. Ndipo kuona chomera ichi chosweka kapena chakufa ndi choipa.
Zofunikira za Kuunikira
"Mary yekha", monga mapeyala ena ambiri, ndi chomera kwambiri cha thermophilic ndipo amafunanso kutentha. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zosowa izi, mitengo ya mitunduyi iyenera kubzalidwa pamalo otseguka, okwezeka. Kuwala kwambiri ndi kutentha kungaperekedwe mwa kubzala chomera kumwera kapena kumwera chakumadzulo kumunda. Komabe, ngakhale zofunikira zonsezi, "Maria basi" amatanthauza zomera zomwe zimapangitsa mosavuta kulekerera pang'ono. 
Zosowa za nthaka
Ngakhale kuti peyala "Maria basi" amakonda chinyontho ndipo amafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse, ikhoza kuwononga kupezeka kwa madzi pansi. Choncho, m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti sayenera kukhala pafupi ndi kumene mitengo idzabzalidwe. Nthaka yokha imafunikila ndale, mosavuta.
"Maria yekha" amatha kulekerera nthaka yambiri kapena yosakwanira. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuzimwa zamchere. Monga feteleza, mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Just Maria" imayankha bwino nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati zida zowonjezera zomera zimasiyidwa kwambiri ndipo palibe chomwe chingachitike pa izo, grafts ikhoza kuphatikizidwa pa mafupa kapena kupota.
Kuwongolera
Mitengo yambiri ya peyala ndi yokhayokha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sangathe kudzipitsa mungu. Kotero, simungathe ngakhale kufunsa funso lakuti "Kodi peyala ya" Maria "basi?".
Ayi ndithu. Vutoli likhoza kuthetsedwa ngati oyendetsa mungu wa mitundu ina adzalima pafupi ndi mapeyala a pollination. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndizochitika mwamwayi. Mitundu yotereyi monga Kusuntha ndi Koschia ndi yoyenera. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukumbukira Yakovlev.
Mukudziwa? Agiriki akale ankagwiritsa ntchito mapeyala monga mankhwala ochizira. Ndiponso adabweretsa zipatso zowutsa mudyo ngati mphatso kwa milungu yawo.
Fruiting
Zomerazi zimayamba kubala zipatso m'chaka chachitatu kapena chachinai mutabzala. Nthawi yokolola imayamba mu October-November. Komabe, chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zapaderazi ndikuti zipatso siziyenera kukhala zokhwima. Izi zidzawonjezera nthawi yosungirako. Kalasi yobala zipatso "Maria basi" amatanthauza mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Pereka
Mitundu yowonjezera "Maria yekha" amaonedwa kuti ndi ofanana ndi zomera za peyala. Ndibwino kuti musamalidwe bwino komanso kuti mukhale ndibwino pamtengo umodzi mutha kukwera makilogalamu makumi anayi a mapeyala okoma. 
Mukasankha zomera m'munda, dziwani nokha ndi zenizeni za chisamaliro ndi zolemba za mapeyala mukumbukira Yakovlev, Forest Beauty, Duchess, Ussurian, Talgar Kukongola, Bergamot, Lada, Chizhovskaya, Zaka, Hera, Chikondi, Petrovskaya, Krasulya.
Transportability ndi yosungirako
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, Maria amatha kukolola mapeyala asanafike msinkhu. Zimatheka chifukwa Zipatso zokoma zimakhala zofewa kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zosawonongeka. Izi zimachokera ku juiciness ya chipatso komanso kuchepa kwa khungu lawo. Ndicho chifukwa chake amatsalira kuti azikwera m'chipinda chozizira, motero amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Zinyamulezi ziyeneranso kuchitika pamene mapeyala asanakhale nawo mwachifundo ndi zopusa.
Matenda ndi Kutsutsana ndi Tizilombo
Choyamba, mitundu yosiyana "Just Maria" imalongosola kukana kwa matenda monga septoriosis, nkhanambo ndi kansa ya bakiteriya.
Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti zomera sizikufuna prophylaxis. Matenda onsewa ali ndi chilengedwe. Maganizo a matenda oterewa nthawi zambiri amagwa masamba, omwe amakhala ndi fungal spores. 
Izi zimakumbutsanso za kufunikira kosunga dongosolo ndi ukhondo m'munda ndi pa chiwembu pafupi nawo. Pofuna kupewa matendawa m'chaka ndi m'dzinja, m'pofunika kuyesa mitengo ndi fungicides, kusunga ukhondo ndikupewa kuwonongeka kwa makungwa.
Mu autumn, makoswe amakhala aakulu tizilombo m'minda yamaluwa. Izi ziyenera kutetezedwa kwa iwo mtengo wamtengo. Kuti tichite izi, zimatha kukulumikizidwa mu zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, koma ndizofunika kuti alola kuti mpweya uziyenda kumera. Mukhozanso kukhazikitsa mipanda yozungulira pamtengo.
Pakati pa tizirombo ta peyala, tidziŵike aphid, tsamba-mphutsi, hawthorn, ndulu midge, sawflies, nthata, njenjete, tstern-kudya, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono.
Kulekerera kwa chilala
Peyala "Mariya yekha" sichimafuna nthawi zonse, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira. Amavutika ndi chilala, makamaka m'chilimwe, makamaka pamene amafunikira chinyezi. Pofuna kuteteza zomera kuti zisaume, kuthirira kumafunika nthawi zinayi kapena zisanu pa nyengo. Ndipo izi zimafuna osati achinyamata okha, komanso mitengo yachikulire. Chomera chilichonse chimatenga makilogalamu makumi atatu a madzi. Pambuyo kuthirira kulikonse, nthaka yozungulira mtengo iyenera kumasulidwa. 
Zima hardiness
"Maria yekha" amatsutsa kwambiri chisanu. Mitengo imatha kubwezeretsanso ngakhale nyengo yoziziritsa pang'ono yozizira m'nyengo yozizira. Amalekereranso madontho a kutentha kuchoka pansi mpaka kuphatikizapo nyengo zakusintha. Kotero tikhoza kunena mosabisa kuti hardiness yozizira ndi imodzi mwa makhalidwe apamwamba a zosiyanasiyana "Just Maria".
Ndikofunikira! Pamene Ankalumikiza pa quince "Maria yekha" imataya katundu wake wosapsa.
Zipatso ntchito
Mapeyala "Just Maria" ndi ena mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya dessert. Kuwonjezera pa kudya yaiwisi, kukoma kwa mtundu umenewu kumatetezedwanso mosamala panthawi ya kutentha. Choncho, "Maria yekha" ndi oyenerera kupanga kupanikizana, pogwiritsa ntchito kuphika ndi mbale zina, komanso kupanga compote. 
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Kuphatikizira, muyenera kudziwa zonse zomwe zimapangitsa kuti "Maria basi" adziwe.
Zotsatira
- bwino;
- kukana matenda angapo a fungal;
- chisanu kukana;
- kucha kucha mpaka fruiting;
- kukula kwa mtengo;
- zipatso zazikulu.
Wotsutsa
- zokolola zofanana ndi mitundu ina;
- Zipatso zimakonda kuchepa ndi kuchuluka kwa mbewu.
