Pokufika m'dzinja, chiwembucho chikuwonjezeredwa - muyenera kupeza nthawi yokolola mbewu, ndikukonzekera mitengo kwa nyengo yozizira. Apa pakubwera funso la kubzala kwa maluwa. Alimi ena amalimbikitsa kuyembekezera ndi ndondomekoyi mpaka masika, komabe, kubzala kwadzinja kuli ndi ubwino wambiri: babu akhozadi kuzika mizu m'nyengo yozizira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mbewuyo idzakhala yolimba, yathanzi ndipo idzapereka mtundu poyamba. Kodi mungakonze bwanji kusintha kwa maluwa m'dzinja?
Zotsatira zofika
Ngakhale maluwa ali ndi zomera zosatha, mitundu yambiri ya nyengo yokolola ikadakula pamalo amodzi ndi pafupifupi zaka zitatu, kwa mitundu ina ndi zaka zisanu. Koma mitundu ya zomera za ku Amerika, zomwe sizikusiyana mofulumira, zingathe "kukhala" pa malo amodzi kwa zaka 10. Pambuyo pake, maluwa amafunika kubzala ndi chisa chogawanika, mwinamwake babu amakula ndipo alibe chakudya ndi malo.
Ndikofunikira! Nthawi yodzala ndi yofunika kwambiri: Ngati mababuwo abzalidwa pamtunda wotentha kwambiri, amamera ndi kufa, koma mu nthaka yozizira sangathe kuzizira bwino, popeza mizu siidzatha kusintha ndi kukula.
Kubzala maluwa kwa nyengo yachisanu kuli ndi ubwino ndi zofooka zake zonse zomwe ziyenera kuwerengedwa:
| Maluso | Kuipa |
| Mababu atatha maluwa amathiridwa mu nthawi ya mpumulo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiwopsezo chowawononga ndi chochepa. | Ngati nyengo yozizira imakhala yofiira kwambiri komanso yayitali, pali mwayi wapang'ono kuti mababu omwe amafalikira sangathe kupirira zikhalidwezi ndi kufa. |
| M'nyengo yam'nyengo ya chilimwe, anyezi amapezerapo zakudya. | Anyezi omwe anakumbidwa mu kugwa sangathe kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. |
| Mukamabzala m'dzinja, kakombo kadzakula pachiyambi. | Zosungunuka zowonjezera zimafunikira kusungunuka kwabwino m'nyengo yozizira. |
| Zomera zidzagonjetsedwa ndi kumapeto kwa nyengo chisanu. | Nkhumba zimatha kuyambitsa maluwa odzala. |
| Adzatha kupeza ana ambiri. | |
| Anyezi adzakhala ndi nthawi yosintha nthaka. | |
| Yophukira kusamba ndi yoyenera mitundu yambiri. |
Mukudziwa? Malinga ndi nthano yakale ya Chigiriki, maluwa anaonekera padziko lapansi kuchokera mkaka wa mulungu wamkazi wamkulu Hera, yemwe ankafuna kuwapatsa madzi Hercule wamng'ono. Komabe, mkaka unatuluka kumlengalenga, ndikupanga Milky Way, ndi madontho ochepa omwe anagwa pansi, maluwa okongola a chisanu ndi maluwa odabwitsa anakula.
Nthawi yake ndi yotani
Ndikofunika kuti musagwiritse ntchito molakwa ndikugwa ndi maluwa a maluwa. Nthawi yabwino yoikiranso imadalitsidwa ndi nyengo, nyengo imakhala m'dera linalake, ndipo, ndithudi, zimakhala zofunikira kwa nyengo zosiyanasiyana zamaluwa.
Kuchokera kudera
Kuwedzeretsa kakombo kungayambike mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa August ndipo nthawi zina kumapitirira mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa November, koma nthawi yowyala bwino imayikidwa ndi nyengo. zigawo za dera:
- Siberia. M'dera lino, kuziika bwino kumachitika bwino mu September
- Ural Mwezi woyamba wa autumn komanso ngakhale masabata oyambirira a October ndi oyenera dera limeneli (ngati atakhala ofunda).
- Moscow dera. Kutha kwa August-kuyamba kwa September kumatengedwa nthawi yabwino yopatsira maluwa.
- Middle band. Nthawi yabwino ndi yoyambirira yophukira: kumapeto kwa September ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October.
- Ukraine. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa nyengo, zowonjezereka zikhoza kuchitika kuyambira October mpaka November.
Kuchokera nyengo
Ndi bwino kuganizira za kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku - ngati chizindikiro pa thermometer sichikwera pamwamba pa 10-12 ° C, ndiye kuti nthawi yeniyeni yafika pakupatsirana maluwa. Sankhani youma, yopanda mphamvu, tsiku lopambana. Ganizirani kuti pamtunda wotsika gawo la mbewu limakula bwino ndipo limapulumuka, ndipo pamatentha otentha tsinde lidzakhala bwino. Choncho, nkofunika kuti "tigwire" kutentha kwakukulu kwa kubzala - zidzadalira pa izi ngati chomera chidzakhazikika kapena ayi.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati babu ikuphuka, n'kosatheka kuiyika pamalo otentha m'nyengo yozizira - mbewuyo idzafa! Lily amafunika kusamalidwa bwino, kuikidwa mu mphika ndi kuchoka m'nyengo yozizira m'nyumba. Zimamera maluwa akhoza kubzalidwa pansi osati kale kuposa May.
Kuchokera kuwona
Ngati simukudziwa nthawi yokumba maluwa kuti muzitha kuzizira, sankhani mitundu yomwe mukufuna kusintha malo. Nthawi yoikapo imayesedwa ndi makhalidwe a kalasi iliyonse: nyengo ya maluwa, kuyamba kwa mtendere, ndi zina zotero.
- Choyamba muyenera "kusintha malo okhalamo" mitundu yonse ndi hybrids ya White Lily.
- Ndiye inu mukhoza kuyamba kumuika Candide zosiyanasiyana maluwa - ndi matalala nyengo izi mitundu ikuyamba mu theka lachiwiri la August.
- Pofika kumapeto kwa mwezi wa October, mukhoza kuyamba kubzala mitundu ya Tubular ndi Eastern.
Malamulo okumbitsa maluwa m'dzinja
Pamene nyengo yabwino ikadzafika kudera lanu, muyenera kuyambitsa ndondomeko yowokera. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusankha chinsalu chodzala bwino, sankhani ndi kukonzekera malo otsetsereka. Chisamaliro choyenera cha anyezi odzazidwa ndicho chofunikira kuti nyengo yozizira ikhale yopambana komanso kukula bwino m'chaka.
Phunzirani zambiri za mitundu ya kakombo monga Kinky, Marlene, brindle
Ndi mababu ati ogwirizana
Musatengere mitengo yoweta yomwe idatumizidwa kuchokera ku Holland - maluwa a dera lino akhoza kukhala osasinthika bwino ndi nyengo yathu, choncho ndizovuta kwambiri kupirira nyengo yozizira. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mababu kuchokera ku tsamba lanu. Ngati mukufuna kubzala mitundu yatsopano, yulani anyezi ndi odziwa bwino maluwa olima maluwa kapena m'masitolo apadera. Komabe, onetsetsani kuti mababu ndi ofunika nyengo ya gawo lanu.
Onetsetsani kuti anyeziwo ndi atsopano, mwachitsanzo, adakumbidwa posakhalitsa asanagulitsidwe, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimakhalapo kuti kumayambiriro kwa ogulitsa osayera amapereka mitengo yotsika kwambiri pobzala zinthu zomwe sizinagulidwe kuyambira masika. Mababu amenewa adzakhala ofooka, opweteka kapena kufa.
Mukudziwa? "Golden Lily" ku China amatchedwa kugwiritsidwa kwa mapazi a akazi. Pa nthawi yomweyi, phazi linapeza mawonekedwe a ziboda, linakhala lochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mwendo wamba, zomwe zinamupangitsa mkazi kusintha mkhalidwe wake ndikukhazikika pomwe akuyendayenda. Kusuntha kwa manja a akazi ndi njira yomweyo kunkaphatikizidwa ndi a Chitchaina omwe ali ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri.
Onaninso mababu a mbande - sayenera kukhala. Chokhachokha apa ndi kakombo la Candida. Mitundu imeneyi iyenera kugwedezeka polima chitsamba chobiriwira.
Zomwe zimabzala zakuthupi
Sankhani mababu abwino koposa obzala:
- Iwo sayenera kukhala ndi zowola, madontho, malo oipitsidwa;
- Anyezi ayenera kukhala aakulu, wandiweyani, opanda malo ofewa.
Pokonzekera kubzala zakuthupi, potsatira malamulo awa:
- Samulani mosamalitsa zimayambira pamtunda wa masentimita 5 mpaka 10 pansi.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito foloki kuti musasokoneze mizu, chekeni maluwa.
- Dulani maluwa kuchokera pansi, chotsani ziwalo zowuma, masikelo owonjezera, mizu.
- Onetsetsani kuti muzisintha mababu mu njira ya potassium permanganate, kapena ndi mankhwala Readzol, Karbofos kapena Benomil. Sungani chomeracho kuti mupeze yankho kwa theka la ora.
- Eyani anyezi aziumitsa mumthunzi masana. Musasiye kubzala zinthu dzuwa, mwinamwake zingakhale zowuma.
Malo osankhidwa ndi malo ndi nthaka
Ganizirani pasadakhale kumene mudzabwezeretsanso zokonda zanu. Zimadziwika kuti maluwa akusowa kwambiri panthaka ndi nthaka, kotero mumayandikira kwambiri momwe mungakhalire.
- Kuwunika. Choncho, ndi bwino kusankha malo oteteza dzuwa. Iyenera kutentha bwino masiku a chilimwe. Ngati maluwa akukula mumthunzi waung'ono, adzalima mtsogolo, koma maluwawo ali okondweretsa diso, ndipo chomeracho sichitha ndi dzuwa. Koposa zonse, ngati dzuŵa lidzagwa pa zomera m'mawa.
- Kusamba Onetsetsani kuti mukupanga madzi okwanira komanso osagwedezeka, sayenera kukhala nthawi yayitali pamaluwa ndi maluwa pakagwa mvula kapena mvula yambiri. Zikatero, maluwa amavunda mwamsanga.
- Pulogalamu ya Ph Maluwa ambiri amakula bwino, koma pano muyenera kulingalira za makhalidwe osiyanasiyana: Mitundu ya America, Oriental ndi Asia imakonda nthaka yochepa, koma mwachitsanzo, maluwa a Tubular ndi Candide amamva bwino m'mlengalenga. Ngati mukusowa kusintha asidi a dothi, gwiritsani ntchito peat ndi phulusa: choyamba muzichikulitsa, ndi phulusa zamchere.
- Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi maonekedwe a nthaka. Siziyenera kukhala zolemetsa, ndizoopsa za dongo. M'malo mwake, maluwa adzakula bwino mu nthaka yosalala ndi kuwonjezera mchenga ndi peat.
Kukula kwa chitsime kumadalira mtundu wa mbewu:
- Mitengo yocheperapo imamera mozama masentimita 7-12, malingana ndi kukula kwa anyezi. Pakati pa tchire tiyenera kusunga mtunda wa masentimita 15.
- Mitundu ya Sredneroslye. Chomera chabwino chodzala ndi 10-15 masentimita, ndipo mtunda pakati pa tchire ukuwonjezeka ku 25 masentimita.
- Mitengo yaitali ya maluwa imayenera kuwonjezeka ndi 12-20 masentimita, malingana ndi kukula kwa babu, ndi kusunga mtunda pakati pa maluwa mpaka 30 cm.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi bwino kudzala babu pang'onopang'ono - izi ndi momwe zidzakhalire mizu ndikupatsa ana ambiri, ngakhale kuti nthawi yobera idzakhala yayitali. Koma ngati mumabzala babu osapsa, pamene ikukula, idzazama pang'ono kufunikira kwake. Kumbukirani kuti zing'onozing'ono babu, zing'onozing'ono, ndi mosiyana.
Ponena za feteleza, apa alimi onse ali ndi mfundo zake komanso mfundo zake. Ena amalangiza kuti asawonjezere fetereza kuti azipewa matenda oopsa. Koma ena samaimirira akuyenda popanda kuwonjezera humus kapena manyowa. Kuti mupange bwino nthaka, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zowonjezereka: superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate.
Kujambula zamakono
Musanayambe kuika, dothi liyenera kukumbidwa theka la mita, ngati liri lolemetsa kwambiri, yikani peat ndi mchenga, musinthe aciditi ngati kuli kofunikira. Ndi bwino kuti maluwa amange mabedi ambiri ndi mipanda.
Phunzirani zambiri za oimira banja la Liliaceae: tulips, hionodoksa, imperial grouse, kupena ndi kandyk.
Komanso, ndondomeko ili motere:
- Ndikofunika kupanga mabowo ndi kuya kwake ndi mtunda woyenera pakati pa grooves.
- Ikani zosanjikiza pansi (mwinamwake mchenga).
- Gawani mizu ya anyezi pansi pa dzenje ndikuwaza mchenga.
- Phimbani anyezi ndi primer kuti khosi lake likhale pansi.
- Zomera zamasamba ziyenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda ndi kuzungulira ndi wosanjikiza wa kompositi, utuchi, mapeyala a pinini, makungwa. Izi sizidzalola kuti nthaka ikhale yotentha nthawi yayitali, komanso imakhala malo abwino m'nyengo yozizira.
Mukudziwa? Pachilumba cha Sumatra chomera chosabalalitsa chimakula - "Lily Wakupha", komabe sichifanana ndi kakombo wamba omwe timakulira pakhomo. Chomera chachikulu chotchedwa parasitic, chokhala ndi maluwa okwana makilogalamu 10 ndi mamita awiri mpaka mamita awiri, amakhala pa liana ndi mitengo, dzina lenileni ndi rafflesia. Dzina lotchedwa dzina la chomeracho linawonekera chifukwa cha kununkhira kwa fungo. Rafflesia amatchedwa maluwa aakulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Kuwombera kakombo kumagwa kumalo ena kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa ambiri omwe amadziwa bwino mmalo mwa kasupe. Ziribe kanthu ngati mugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zanu kapena kugula anyezi, ngati mutatsatira njira zamakono zosavuta, mungathe kubzala maluwa mosavuta ndikusangalala ndi maluwa okongola nyengo yotsatira. Ngati simunayambe zotsalira za zomera izi ndi nthawi yoti muzitha kuwakulira!
