Malingana ndi chiwerengero, gawo la ulimi ndi luso lazamakono lapita patsogolo kwambiri mzaka zaposachedwa. Pali mitundu yatsopano ya zomera, zipangizo zamakono zopangira mbewu, komanso njira zatsopano zopangira ndi feteleza. Kuwongolera kumeneku kumaphatikizapo kuchitika kwa feteleza monga feteleza, monga phacelia: ndi mtundu wotani, momwe ungagwiritsire ntchito molondola, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbeuyi ikule bwino - tiyeni tiyang'ane.
Kodi mtengo wa sideratov ndi wotani?
Pofuna kumvetsetsa phindu ndi phindu lazitali, munthu ayenera choyamba kulingalira chomwe chodabwitsa ichi chiri. Manyowa abwino ndiwo mbewu zobiriwira zomwe zimabzalidwa musanabzala mbewu yaikulu. Izi zimachitidwa kuti lipindule nthaka ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zofunika. 
Si chinsinsi kuti mbewu yaikuluyo imapangitsa nthaka kukhala yochepa, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya m'thupi, ndipo ingachepetseko kukolola kotsiriza. Kuti nthaka isataya katundu wake ndipo imakhala ndi zinthu zothandiza kwambiri, ndipo zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito - zimapangitsanso bwino kutentha kwa humus komanso zimapangitsanso kusintha kwa dziko lapansi.
Mtengo wa zomera zotere ndi:
- kuchepetsa kuchepa ndi kukana kuzizira - zikhoza kufesedwa kumayambiriro kwa masika ndi kumapeto kwa nyengo;
- nthaka yapamwamba kwambiri - mtengo wa zida zina nthawi zambiri zimadutsa manyowa kapena humus;
- kuchepa kwa nthaka acidity;
- chitetezo cha namsongole;
- Chothandizira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- chitetezo cha mbewu zam'tsogolo kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi tizilombo tina;
- kuchiza ndi kubwezeretsa nthaka pambuyo pa kutentha kwa nthaka.
Zomera zimaphatikizapo zomera monga oats, lupins, rye, mpiru woyera, fatseliya ndi ena. Chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwa mbewuzi, nthawi yawo yobzala sikumangirizidwa kwa mwezi umodzi - zomera izi zimapirira kutentha kwabwino bwino. Komabe, sizinthu zonsezi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'chilengedwe chonse: zina zimayesedwa kufesa mbewu isanafike.
Ndikofunikira! Phacelia ndi banja la madzi foci - silili lofanana ndi zomera zina zobzala m'minda ya masamba. Choncho, mosiyana ndi zina zotchedwa sideratov, zikhoza kubzalidwa mbeu zisanafike ndi pambuyo pake.
Phacelia monga mbali: ubwino ndi kuipa
Chikhalidwe ichi ndi cha banja la buravchikovuyu. Zingathenso kutchedwa kuti njira zonse zowonjezera nthaka - musanafike ndi pambuyo pake mukhoza kufesa zomera ndi mbewu. Amaluwa ambiri amatcha mbewu yabwino - chifukwa cha misala zinthu zabwino. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Mitundu ya zomera - kusintha kwa nthaka. Chifukwa cha zosiyana ndi zosiyana ndi zikhalidwe zina, phacelia amatha kutulutsa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana - pokopa tizilombo towononga tizilombo tonse. Chomeracho chikhoza kuchotsa chomera cha dzombe, moths, tsvetoeda ndi nematodes. Kuwonjezera apo, zotsatira zowonongeka zimapezeka poletsa kuvunda, kuyanika kwa chipatso ndi zomera zokha (choncho, phacelia nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito monga fetereza kwa mbatata).
- Njuchi zokopa - phacelia ndi wokongola uchi chomera. Maluwa aakulu a chomeracho amatha patatha masabata asanu mutabzala ndikuphuka masiku awiri. Kununkhira ndi fungo la maluwa kumabweretsa njuchi zambiri, njuchi zazing'onoting'ono - choncho, chomerachi n'chofunikanso kwa alimi.
- Kupindulitsa kwa nthaka. Phacelia ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri moti imatha kukula ngakhale pamtunda, komanso dongo, madzi ndi owonjezera. Choncho, pobzala manyowa obiriwira, mukhoza kupeza mbewu pa dothi losauka kwambiri komanso losayenera. Komabe, ngati nthaka ili yosauka - kukwera komodzi kwa manyowa wobiriwira sikungakhale kokwanira. Pachifukwa ichi, zidzakhala zofunikira kufesa phacelia nthawi yonseyi.
- Kuchotsa namsongole. Pochotsa kuchuluka kwa acidity m'nthaka, phacelia imawapangitsa kukhala osayenera kwa namsongole omwe akugwirizana ndi chilengedwe cha acidic - mwachitsanzo, nkhuni.
- Maonekedwe okongola - "feteleza" uyu amaoneka bwino pamabedi.
- Mwamsanga mphukira ndi kucha chikhalidwe - Zomera zidzafika kukula (mpaka 30 cm) mkati mwa mwezi. Mu masabata 4, kulemera kwa phacelia kumatha kufika makilogalamu 300 pa ha 1 - izi ndizofanana ndi makilogalamu 300 a manyowa.
- Frost kukana. Amalekereranso kutentha, chilala, mphepo, kusowa kwa dzuwa.
- Kulingalira bwino - Ngati mbewuyo isadulidwe kuti mbeu yake ikhale yochuluka.
Mwachidziwikire, palibe zovuta zooneka bwino mu manyowa otere. Komabe, ena agronomists amavomereza Makhalidwe oipa:- Ichi ndi chomera chaka ndi chaka - kuti lipindule nthaka, manyowa obiriwirawa adzafunika kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse komanso nthawi zina kangapo;
- kufunika kochera manyowa musanadzalemo mbewu zazikulu.
Komabe, ngakhale kuti pali zofooka zazing'ono, phacelia adakalibe imodzi mwa malo otchuka kwambiri komanso ogwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza masiku ano.
Mukudziwa? Phacelia akuchokera ku America. Dzina lake latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Greek ngati "mtolo".
Zomera zomwe ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito
Makhalidwe abwino a chomerachi amasonyeza kuti akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ngati mbeu ya mbewu zonse. Mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga kusintha kwa mending - nyemba zimaphuka mochedwa, ndipo Phacelia imakoka tizilombo tambirimbiri ndi kununkhira kwa maluwa ake.
Pakuti mbatata, kaloti, beets ndi zomera zina zomwe zipatso zake zimapsa pansi, mbewuyi ndi yofunika kwambiri kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amawononga zomera. Kwa mbewu zina zonse, malo a manyowa amathandiza kuti nthaka ikhale yopindulitsa ndikuonjezera zokolola za zomera, komanso kuteteza ku tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Zolemba zamakono za kulima
Kukula phacelia monga siderata sikufuna nthawi yambiri kapena zipangizo zamakono. Komabe, pali zina zomwe zingakuuzeni momwe mungabzalitsire chikhalidwe ichi moyenera.
Monga sideratov amagwiritsanso ntchito zomera ngati lupine, nyemba, buckwheat.
Nthawi yobzala
Monga lamulo, phacelia wabzalidwa 2 pachaka - kumayambiriro kwa masika ndi autumn, mutatha kukolola. Powonongeka kwakukulu kwa nthaka, kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa nthaka kukuwonjezeka mpaka maulendo 4. Kudyetsa kwapakati kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ulemere nthaka nthawi yomweyo asanalandire mbewu yomwe ilipo, koma kubzala mu kugwa kudzateteza kuyanika kapena kuzizira kwambiri mu nthaka m'nyengo yozizira.
M'miyezi ya masika, udzu uwu umabzalidwa chitatha chisanu choyamba, ngakhale kutentha kuli pansi pa 0 ° C. Mbewuyi imakula ndikukula mofulumira - kotero imamangidwa patatha masabata awiri isanafike zomera zazikulu.
Pofuna kukopa njuchi, zimadzalidwa kumapeto kwa nyengo yachisanu kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Pankhaniyi, imabzalidwa pakati pa mabedi a zomera zazikulu. 
Nthaka yobzala chiderat mu kugwa - aliyense wamaluwa amasankha yekha. Phacelia akhoza kubzalidwa mwamsanga atatha kukolola (m'katikati mwa autumn), ndipo atatha kukumba masamba. Chinthu chachikulu - kukhala ndi nthawi yokhala chikhalidwe chisanafike chisanu.
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo kukolola mbatata, siderat iyenera kufesedwa yomweyo - mwinamwake dziko lapansi lidzakhala losauka kwambiri ndipo likhoza kupanikizidwa.
Momwe mungabzalidwe
Mukadzala zomera pali malamulo ena:
- Kukula kwa mbeu sikuposa 200 g pa hekita imodzi ya munda wa masamba.
- Nthaka sayenera kukhala youma kwambiri, ngati kuli kolala kwambiri ndikobwino kuthirira nthaka (ngati kubzala kumachitika m'chilimwe, ndiye kuti nthawi yachisanu ndi yophukira sikoyenera kuthirira).
- Kukumba asanafesa sikufunika - komabe, kumathandiza kumasula pang'ono.
- Mbewu imayenera kuponyedwa m'nthaka masentimita angapo - ndi mphepo yamphamvu, mbewu zazing'ono za zomera zimangowonjezedwa pa tsamba.
Phacelia mosavuta zimamera, choncho mbewu zake sizikusowa chisanafike kapena zina. Mutha kuika mbeu za phacelia m'tsogolomu. Pachifukwachi, mbewuzo zimabzalidwa kudera lina, kutali ndi munda (kotero kuti mbeu sizingatheke pa mabedi ndikusakaniza ndi mbewu za zomera zina). Ndiye muyenera kuyembekezera kusasitsa kwathunthu kwa siderata - pafupi sabata la 6 mpaka 7 mutabwera. Pambuyo pa phacelia ottsvetet, mapesi ake adadulidwa ndi zouma. Malo oumawa amawoneka bwino ndipo mbewu zimapezeka.Mukudziwa? Pafupifupi, pali mitundu 75 ya phacelia monga chikhalidwe - komabe, pamagwiritsidwe ntchito mitundu itatu yokha: bell -bopeded, twisted and pizhmolistny.
Momwe mungasamalire
Phindu lina la chikhalidwe choterocho ndi kudzichepetsa. Chomera sichifuna chisamaliro chapadera - sichiyenera kukhala madzi okwanira kapena kutetezedwa ku mphepo. Pambuyo pa masabata atatu, mbewu zazikulu zingabzalidwe m'munda wobzala. Zomera monga strawberries, tsabola, raspberries, tomato, zimabzalidwa mwachindunji pakati pa sideratom. Mwa njira iyi, phacelia imateteza chomera chochepa, chosasunthika chimachokera ku mphepo, kutentha, kapena kuyamwa. Komabe, musanadzalemo mbatata, anyezi, udzu winawake (mbeu zimenezo zomwe zipatso zake zipsa m'nthaka), chomera chiyenera kudulidwa. 
Nthawi yoyenera kutchetcha
Nthawi yoyeretsa chimadalira kuti cholinga chake ndi chiyani. Ngati phacelia adabzalidwa kuti akope njuchi, ayenera kubzalidwa ndikufesedwa mwatsopano pamene ikuphuka. Pofesedwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe - mpaka kumayambiriro kwa autumn (pofuna kubwezeretsa ndi kulemeretsa dothi), phacelia imadulidwa chisanadze mbewu yozizira. Kubzala phacelia m'nyengo yozizira kumatanthawuza kuphulika kwake kumayambiriro a masika - pakadali pano kudulidwa musanayambe kubzala mbewu zazikulu. Kubzala kumapeto kwa nyengo ya siderata sizingathetsedwe kwathunthu, ndi kusiya zitsamba zazing'ono - izi zidzateteza mbeu zowononga kutentha.
Pofuna kulemberatu dothi la pamwamba, nthaka yobiriwira imakumbidwa pamtunda wodzazidwa ndi mafosholo - mtundu uwu wa kukumba udzakulitsa ndi kumasula nthaka musanadzale adyo kapena anyezi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso phindu lalikulu la phacelia monga siderata kumawathandiza kuti asapitirize fetereza kapena minerals kunthaka - ngati atabzalidwa 3-4 pachaka, izi zidzakhala chitsimikizo chabwino chopeza zokolola zochuluka komanso zopindulitsa kwambiri za nthaka.
