Poncirus trifoliata (Poncirus trifoliata): kusamalira mtengo zitsamba, zothandiza katundu

Tonsefe timakonda kudya mandimu, koma, kupatulapo zomwe timaziwona m'masitolo a sitolo, palinso mitundu zakutchire. Mu nkhani yathu tidzakudziwitsani poncirus, komanso malo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Malongosoledwe a zomera

Poncirus ndi mtengo wochepa wa mitengo yomwe imakhala ndi mitengo ikuluikulu. Kutalika kwake sikudutsa mamita asanu. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi korona yofalikira. Pa mitengo ikuluikulu mungathe kuona khungwa lokongola, lowala kwambiri, mphukira zazing'ono zimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira, zosiyana ndi oblate ndi mawonekedwe a spines. Malo a minga ndi masamba, kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita asanu 5. Masamba amakhala ndi masentimita 10-12, trifoliate. Masamba onyezimira ali pa petioles, ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira.

Ndikofunikira! Chifukwa cha khungu la khungu, asanagwiritse ntchito chipatso chophikira, ndikofunikira kusamba bwinobwino kuti villi asaphatikizidwe mu chakudyacho.

Chomeracho chili ndi maluwa oyera, omwe amakhala olemera masentimita asanu 5. Ali ndi fungo lamphamvu la mandimu, limatuluka pamaso pa masamba. Chipatsocho chili ndi maonekedwe ake, zipatso zokoma - kowala chikasu, pamwambapo pali pepala lopaka utoto, mkati - chimbudzi chowawa koma chovulaza, chosakanikirana ndi mbewu zambiri.

Mzere wosanjikiza wa chipatso uli ndi dzina lake - Flavedo. Lili ndi zipangizo zambiri zomwe zimatulutsa mafuta ofunikira. Chikati chamkati chimatchedwa albedo, ali ndi masiponji. Chomera chimayamba kuphuka ndi kubala chipatso kuyambira zaka 4-5.

Mankhwala amapangidwa

Zipatso za poncirus zili ndi mafuta ofunikira, omwe ali ndi shuga. Kuphatikizapo:

• galacturonic acid;
• mavitamini A, B, C;
• limonene, cadinene;
• coumarins;
• chosowa;
• pectins.

Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za kulima mbewu za citrus kunyumba - mandimu, calamondine, mandimu, mtengo wa lalanje ndi Chimandarini, komanso matenda ake ndi tizirombo.

Mbeu imakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, peel imakhala ndi mavitamini P ndi C. Komanso, mafuta opezeka ali m'mapu ndi masamba a zomera.

Kufalikira

Kawirikawiri, zomera zimapezeka ku Mediterranean, Central America, Kumwera cha Kum'mawa kwa Asia. Chilengedwe ndi Chaku Central ndi Northern China, Himalaya. Kulima mafakitale kumachitika m'mayiko monga Japan, Australia, Argentina ndi United States.

Gwiritsani ntchito: mankhwala

Ganizirani zotsatira za mandimu zakutchire pa thupi la munthu.

• Chitetezo chokwanira. Kudya chipatso kumathandiza kuwonjezera chitetezo cha thupi, kuchikwaniritsa ndi ascorbic ndi folic acid. Zotsatira zake, ziwopsezo za matenda a catarral zimachepa kwambiri.
• Mankhwala. Chifukwa cha zidulo ndi mafuta omwe ali mu mandimu, mpweya umakhala watsopano, kachilombo kamene kamatuluka pakamwa kamabwezeretsanso, zomwe zimalepheretsa maonekedwe a caries. Kuwonjezera apo, madzi a mandimu amathandiza whiten dzino dzino enamel.
• Khungu. Nthenda yam'tchire imalola kanthawi kochepa kuchotseratu ziphuphu, kuthetsa kuphwanya kwa kukhulupirika kwa khungu, kuchotsa ziphuphu, mawanga. Madzi a mandimu amatsitsimutsa, amawongolera komanso amatsitsa khungu.
• Mimba. Kudya chipatso kudzakuthandizani kuchotsa kukhumudwa, komwe kumawoneka ngati pakuwonjezeka kwa msinkhu wa acidity mmimba. Chakudya chidzakumbidwa mofulumira, ndipo zonse "zonyansa" zidzasungunuka.
• Magazi. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa poncirus kumathandiza kuyeretsa magazi a poizoni, kumathandiza kuyendetsa magazi kudzera m'mitsempha. Komanso, chipatso chimapangitsa hemoglobini kuti iwonjezeke.
• Mtima. Zipatsozi zili ndi calorie yochepa ndipo imadzaza ndi mitsempha, yomwe imathandiza kutsuka matumbo ku poizoni, ndipo izi zimalepheretsa kukula kwa kunenepa kwambiri, komwe nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa matenda a mtima.
• Matumbo. Popeza kuti pulogalamuyo imakhala ndi zakudya zamadzimadzi komanso madzi ambiri, kumasulidwa kwa zinthu zoopsa kumathamanga, zomwe zimakupangitsani kuti muthane mofulumira ndi kudzimbidwa kapena kutsekula m'mimba.
• Kugona. Poncirus ali ndi mavitamini a B, omwe ndi ofunika kuti agone mokwanira. Ndipo kugona kumathandizira kukhala ndi maganizo abwino, kuthamanga kwakukulu ndi mphamvu.
• Kupsyinjika. Kugwiritsa ntchito chipatso nthawi zonse kumathandiza kuchepetsa kupanikizika, kuchotsa migraine ndi chizungulire.
• Achinyamata. Mphuno ya poncirus imathandiza kuthetsa cholesterol mu thupi ndikufulumizitsa maselo atsopano. Chifukwa chake, ukalamba umachepetsanso ndipo makwinya amawongolera.
• Miyala. Nyamu yakuda ili ndi calcium yochuluka, kotero mafupa anu ndi mafupa adzakhala athanzi nthawi zonse.

Ntchito

Taganizirani momwe pulosi imagwiritsidwira ntchito mmadera osiyanasiyana.

Mu mankhwala

Poncirus mu mankhwala ovomerezeka sakupeza ntchito, koma kummawa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Kuti muchite izi, sungani mapesi ake, mizu, mbewu ndi makungwa.

Mukudziwa? Pofuna kutulutsa makilogalamu 1 a mafuta ofunikira, muyenera kupanga peel ndi mandimu 3000.

Mankhwala amakono amagwiritsira ntchito kambewu kouma. Amathandiza kuthetsa kudzikuza, kukhala ndi antiemetic ndi antitispastic action. Pogwiritsira ntchito infusions ndi decoctions, kuyamwa kumawonjezeka komanso lactation imalimbikitsa.

Zipatso za mandimu zakutchire zimakhala zokoma zosangalatsa, kotero sizitenthedwa. Komabe, kaŵirikaŵiri amasinthidwa ndi kukonzekera zakumwa za vitamini tonic.

Akuphika

Popeza zipatso sizingawonongeke, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama popanga mankhwala. Kuonjezerapo, zipatso zouma ndizowonjezeramo zakudya zopangira nyama, mukhoza kuziwonjezera pa kupanikizana kapena kumwa mowa.

Mu moyo ndi malo okongoletsera

Nyama yamchere ya mandimu imakhala ndi mafuta ochuluka kwambiri, choncho chipatsocho chingagwiritsidwe ntchito monga fungo lachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, yikani zest zouma m'thumba lathumba ndipo muzisiye m'kabati kapena chikhomo. Kawirikawiri mtengo umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zojambula, zimapezeka m'misewu ya kummawa kwa United States, komanso m'madera ena a China ndi Japan. Kuonjezerapo, chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa minga, mitengo imagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chomera choteteza, chifukwa n'zotheka kuti izi zisawonongeke.

Malalanje owuma ndi mandimu - nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera.

Monga katundu

Zimakhulupirira kuti Poncirus ndi katundu wabwino. Izi ndi zoona, koma muyenera kulingalira mfundo zina. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mandimu zakutchire ngati katundu kumakhala koyenera ngati kumachitika pa mafakitale. Ngati mukuyesera kuika mu mandimu wamba, ndikukula muzolowera, sizikutheka kuti chinachake chidzatha.

Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti m'nyengo yozizira zomera zimataya masamba. Poncirus ndi yoyenera monga katundu wokha chifukwa cha zomera zomwe zingathe kulekerera nyengo yozizira.

Kukula ndikufesa kunyumba

Ganizirani momwe mungakhalire mandimu zakutchire kunyumba.

Kufesa ndi kubalana

Kaŵirikaŵiri amayamba kulima mbewu. Izi zachitika motere:

1. Choyamba muyenera kuthira mbewu mumadzi, kuwonjezera kukula kwa zowonjezera madzi;
2. tisiyeni maola 5-6;
3. onetsetsani nthaka yofuna kubzala;
4. Bzalani mbeu mu nthaka yofewa, yowala, kukulitsa ndi 0,5-1 cm;
5. Chophimba mbewu ndi filimu, ikani chidebecho mu chipinda m'chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa 23 ... +28 ° C;
6. patatha masiku 7-10 onani ngati mphukira ikuwonekera.

Ndikofunikira! Kubwezeretsanso mbeuyo sikuletsedwa panthawi ya maluwa ndi fruiting. Nthaŵi yabwino ya njirayi ndikumayambiriro kwa kasupe.

Nthawi zina kubereka kumachitika mwa kudula. Pachifukwachi, m'pofunika kusankha cuttings, kutalika kwa zomwe ziyenera kukhala osachepera 10 masentimita, ndibwino kuti tichite zimenezi masika kapena chilimwe. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njirayi simungakhoze kuchita popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mahomoni okula. Pochita izi, zidutswazo zimaphimbidwa ndi kapu ya pulasitiki, kukonzekera kumawonjezeredwa pansi ndipo kutuluka kumapita patatha masabata 6-8.

Nthaka ndi feteleza

Mtengo ukhoza kusinthika ku dothi lililonse, koma ndibwino kuti chomera chikhale chodetsedwa ndi nthaka yochepa. Ndondomeko yotsegula bwaloli sizimafunika. Chabwino, ngati nthaka idzakhala peat, masamba humus, perlite kapena vermiculite - izi zidzasintha madzi. Ndikofunika kudyetsa zomera zokhwima zokha m'chaka. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza.

Kuthirira ndi chinyezi

Ngati pali mpweya wouma m'chipinda, m'pofunikira kuupaka kapena kuyika mtengo pamphuno ndi miyala yowonongeka. Muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti madzi sagwirizana ndi pansi pa mphika. Pamaso pa mpweya wouma mu chipinda tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera masamba ndi madzi ofunda. Ndi bwino kuika poncirus m'chipinda chomwe chili ndi mpweya wokwanira, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa mvula, koma sayenera kuloledwa kuti ikhale yochuluka. Mamwetsani pamene gawo la pamwamba likuwidwa ndi 3.5 masentimita. M'dzinja, kuthirira kuchepetsedwa.

Kudulira

Zimalimbikitsa kumayambiriro kwa masika kuti zisawonongeke ndi zouma. Chomeracho chimalekerera monga kudulira mapangidwe a korona, ndi njira zoyenera. Kuti ukhale wokongola ndi wokongola kutalika kwa korona, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa gawo lake lachitatu.

Zima ndi chisanu kukana

Kukula zomera panyumba, anthu amaziika pawindo. Ndi kufika kwa nyengo yozizira, funso limabwera ngati kutentha pafupi ndi zenera kuli bwino kusamalira, chifukwa ndi kotsika kumeneko kuposa nyumba yonse. Musadandaule za izo, chifukwa Poncirus imalekerera kutentha, sizingasungunuke ndipo sizingayambe kuvulaza.

Nthaŵi zina m'dzinja, eni ake amapititsa kumalo opangidwira, chifukwa chomera chimalimbikitsa kutentha bwino komanso kutentha kwa 8% + 12 ° C amamva bwino.

Makhalidwe a lalanje, mandimu ndi mandarin akuphatikizidwa mu chipatso chimodzi, chomwe chimatchedwa kumquat, kupeza mtundu wa zomera, zomwe zimathandiza kumquat zouma, komanso momwe zingakulire pakhomo.

Ngati mandimu yakakula mumsewu, simuyenera kudandaula za izo ndi kubwera kwa nyengo yozizira. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi chisanu chabwino ndipo chimatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -15 ... -20 ° C. Ngati mtengo wakula mu nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti uziphimba ndi spruce kapena zinthu zosafunika m'nyengo yozizira.

Kukonzekera kwa zipangizo

Kuti agwiritse ntchito chomera cha mankhwala, amakolola ziwalo zake zonse. Mapesi, masamba ndi zipatso ayenera kusonkhanitsidwa panthawi ya maluwa, koma mbewu - pamene zipsa momwe zingathere. Mapesi ndi masamba amakololedwa ndi manja, pambuyo pake ayenera kuziyika pa chidutswa cha makatoni kapena nsalu ndi kuumitsa panja. Zipatso ziyenera kutsukidwa, kudula, kuchotsa mbewu ndi zouma padzuwa. Zipatso zitatha, ziyenera kutsanulidwa mu chidebe cha galasi ndikuzisungira chaka chimodzi.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Monga oimira onse a citrus, Ponzirus amatha kugwidwa ndi matenda a exocortis. Amawonetseredwa kuwonongeka kwa makungwa a zomera, chlorosis ya masamba, kuwonjezeka kwa nthambi ya mphukira, zomwe pang'onopang'ono zimatsogolera ku imfa yake.

Musalole nthaka kuti iume, chifukwa izi zingayambitse masamba ndi kugwa. Kuphwanya malamulo a kuthirira kumatulutsanso chikasu cha masamba.

Mukawona kuti masamba atuluka, izi zikusonyeza kusowa kwa feteleza. Kupanda maluwa kumasonyeza kukula kwa mphika kapena kusowa kwa dzuwa.

Mukudziwa? Ku Spain, mandimu imatengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha chikondi chopanda chikondi. Ngati mtsikana sakonda chibwenzi chake, akhoza kumupatsa mandimu, motero amasonyeza kuti maganizo ake sagwirizana.

Pamaso pa mpweya wouma, chomeracho chimagwidwa ndi zilonda ndi nthata. Chizindikiro chodziwika cha kuukira kwa chishango; zofiira zofiirira pa masamba. Patapita nthawi, masambawo adzatuluka ndipo adzagwa, ndipo maluwa ndi zipatso zidzafota. Pofuna kuchotseratu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nkofunika kuti tichite chithandizo choyenera chokonzekera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Ngati masambawo amayamba kuuma, ndipo kangaude inayamba kuonekera mu internodes, izi zikuwonetsa kuti kangaude yakakhazikika pamtengo. Ngati chovulalacho ndi chaching'ono, ndikwanira kusamba nkhuni ndi madzi asopo. Ngati vutoli ndi lovuta, tiyenera kupopera mbewu ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuonjezera apo, zomera zazing'ono zimayambitsa mawealybugs, whiteflies akhoza kukhala pansi pa masamba a masamba. Mwamwayi, zomera za citrus nthawi zambiri zimawombera fungal, zomwe zimayambitsa rhizome, tsinde, nthambi, masamba ndi zipatso.

Poncirus masamba atatu - zakutchire, koma zothandiza kwambiri chomera. Komabe, musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu. Mukhoza kukula mtengo wopanda mavuto panyumba.