Ichi ndi chomera chochititsa chidwi komanso chofunika kwambiri. Dzina la sayansi ndi Mari. Ilo limatchedwanso Cmida wamba, rasipiberi sipinachi, Pa nthawi yomweyo zikuwoneka ngati sipinachi, sitiroberi ndi rasipiberi.
Kutchuka kwa chomera chakhala chowoneka chachilendo ndi kupindula kwakukulu kwa thupi la munthu.
Kufotokozera
Sipinachi Sipinachi kuchoka kum'mwera kwa europe, kumpoto kwa Africa ndi ku Mediterranean. Koma kuchokera kumene kwenikweni zimayambira, ndendende, mwinamwake, palibe amene anganene.
Kuyambira nthawi zakale (zaka zopitirira zinayi zapitazo) zinakula mu Holland ndi Germany (chifukwa cha masamba odyetsedwa komanso kufanana ndi kuphika ndi sipinachi), ndiye zhminda anathamanga zakutchire ndikuyamba kufalikira kumadera ena. Tsopano imapezeka nthawi zambiri pamchenga wa mchenga ndi nthaka yamchere ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Atlantic ya ku Ulaya. 
Sipinachibishi sipinachi imalimidwa makamaka chifukwa cha timapepala tawo. Masamba amaonekera usiku wonse ndi anyezi oyambirira ndikupitiriza kukula nthawi yonseyi. Zokolola masamba жminda amapereka nyengo yonse.
Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuwerengera za: zopindulitsa za sipinachi kwa thupi, mitundu ya mitundu, zidzakuthandizani kuti muphunzire zonse zokhudza kukula kwa chomera ichi, momwe mungamere sipinachi pazenera zodzala chaka chonse ndi zomwe zikukonzekera m'nyengo yozizira zikhoza kupangidwa m'nyengo yozizira.
Kuwonjezera pa masamba, edible ndi zipatso. Iwo amawoneka ofanana ndi zipatso za rasipiberi, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, dzina la Sipinachi-rasipiberi lapita. Mapangidwe a zipatso amayamba pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri kuchokera nthawi yofesa, ndipo kucha kwake kumachitika mosasunthika, zipatso zimapsa kwathunthu mu August-September, koma zimatha kukhala motalika, kufikira chisanu choyamba.
Zipatso zoyera - mtundu wofiirira wamadzimadzi ndi mamita awiri peresenti.
Mu maonekedwe, mary amathawa amatha kufotokozedwa ngati chomera herbaceous mpaka 70 masentimita pamwamba ndi wakuda mizu, osabala, yolimba, makamaka masamba nthambi, ndi timapepala kumtunda. Masamba obiriwira omwe amatalika masentimita asanu ndi awiri ndi mamita masentimita 4, katatu, opapatiza ndi ophatikizidwa, amakhalanso ngati nthungo, pamwamba komanso pamtunda. 
Pansi pa tsambali amapita mwachidule kupita ku scape, pamphepete mwa mano owongoka. Maluwa pammimida yachibadwa, onse awiri. Amayendetsedwa m'mipira yowongoka m'magulu a masamba. Pericles ali ndi mawonekedwe a zipatso, ali ndi zamkati zambiri, mtundu wofiira, chifukwa cha izi nthawi zambiri amawona ngati zipatso. Mbeuyi ndi yosalala, yolimba, yamtengo wapatali wamkati, yowala pang'ono, yomwe imakhala ndi mapepala ang'onoang'ono otalika komanso 0,9-1.3 millimita.
Kuwongolera ndi zakudya zabwino
Ngakhale sipinachi yokha siili ndi kukoma, koma kukoma koipa kumapindula kwambiri ndi kupanga ma microelements ndi vitamini. Chitsulo chosungunuka ndi chitsimikizo chabwino kwambiri cha mankhwala ochepetsa magazi m'thupi.
Zomera zamasamba ndi zipatso zomwe zili ndi chitsulo ndi beets, masamba a masamba ndi zipatso zouma (zoumba, nkhuyu, apricots).
Dziweruzireni nokha - mu 100 magalamu a sipinachi:
- pa mphamvu yamagetsi ali ndi makilogalamu 22 kapena 1% ya zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku zaumunthu;
- Zakudya - 3.63 g, kapena 3% zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku;
- mapuloteni - 2.86 g, kapena 5% mwasowa;
- mafuta - 0,39 g, kapena 1.5% ya zosowa;
- fiber - 2.2 g, kapena 6%
- cholesterol - 0 mg.
Malinga ndi mavitamini omwe amapezeka mu 100 magalamu a sipinachi:
- zochitika - 194 mcg, kapena 48.5% zosowa;
- nicotinic acid - 0.724% mg, kapena 4.5%;
- Vitamini B5 - 0.065 mg, kapena 1%;
- Vitamini B6 - 0.195 mg, kapena 15%;
- Vitamini B2 - 0.189 mg, kapena 14.5%;
- Vitamini C - 28.1 mg, kapena 47%;
- Vitamini E - 2.03 mg, kapena 13.55%;
- Vitamini K - 482 mg, kapena 402%;
- vitamini A - 9377 m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, kapena 312%.
Pofuna kutanthauzira, mgwirizano wapadziko lonse ndi chiwerengero cha chiwerengero cha chiwerengero cha mankhwala, pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito kapena zochitika zake.Mukudziwa? Kuchokera zipatso za rasipiberi sipinachi Finyani madzi, kupanga kupanikizana ndi compotes, komanso kukonzekera kvass.
Ndi electrolytes:
- sodium - 79 mg, kapena 5% zosowa;
- potaziyamu - 558 mg, kapena 12%.
Ndi mchere:
- calcium - 99 mg, kapena 10% zosowa;
- mkuwa - 0,130 mg, kapena 14%;
- chitsulo - 2.71 mg, kapena 34%;
- magnesiamu - 79 mg, kapena 20%;
- manganese - 0.897 mg, kapena 39%;
- zinki - 53 mg, kapena 5%.
Zomwe zimayambira zomera:
- beta carotene - 5626 mcg;
- Lutein ndi zeaxanthini - 12198 mcg;
- beta cryptoxanthin - 0 μg.
Zothandiza
- Zimachepetsa ukalamba wa thupi (chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwawombola).
- Zimateteza kufooka kwa thupi komwe kumachitika pakati pa retina.
- Zimathandizira kusungirako zithunzi zooneka bwino.
- Amathandizira kuti thupi likhale labwino, limatulutsa mazira komanso limateteza mapulaneti.
- Amalimbikitsa kuima kwa ubongo mu ubongo.
- Amapangitsa mafupa kukhala amphamvu pochititsa maselo a mafupa.
- Zimathandiza kulamulira chiyero cha mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.
- Zimateteza kuwonongeka kwa makoma a mitsempha ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa thupi lonse.
- Kulamulira kusinthanitsa kwa mafuta.
- Kuletsa kuvomereza chifukwa cha zakudya zamagetsi.
- Zothandiza kwambiri kwa matenda oopsa, ziwalo zamadzimadzi.
- Amathandizira kupewa khansara ya prostate ndi colon.
- Amayambitsa kupanga maselo ofiira a magazi, motero amawonjezera hemoglobin.
- Zimakhala ndi zotsatira zowonongeka za matenda a fetal neural tube m'mimba mwa amayi apakati.
- Kuwathandiza kuti abambo azitha kubereka.
- Zili ndi zotsatira zabwino pa zovuta za dongosolo la manjenje, kutopa kwa nthawi yaitali, ndi kulephera kwa kukula kwa ana.
- Amakhala ndi mankhwala odana ndi zotupa.
Contraindications ndi kuvulaza
Chilichonse pa dziko lapansi chiri ndi ubwino wake ndi zamanyazi, ndipo rasipiberi sipinachi sichimodzimodzi. Ndipo ngakhale pali zinthu ziwiri zokha, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti zisanyalanyaze.
- Sipinachi imakhala ndi oxalic acid ambiri. Muzitsulo zing'onozing'ono, sizowopsa ndipo zimangowonjezera mwachibadwa, koma pakakhala zambiri, miyala imayambitsa chikhodzodzo ndi impso, matenda a chiwindi, duodenum, ndi mafupa ndi kutupa kwakukulu kumachitika. Chifukwa chaichi, sipinachi iyenera kuchotsedwa ku zakudya za anthu omwe akudwala matenda a ziwalo izi, ana ndi akulu. Kuonjezera apo, sipinachi sichikonzedwanso kachiwiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa oxalic acid pakakhala mavuto ndi mchere metabolism ndi gout.
- Amatha kudziunjikira poizoni. Chifukwa chachinthu ichi chodabwitsa, masamba ake ang'onoang'ono okha ndiwo angadye.
Momwe mungakulire
Ngakhale kuti ndalama zambiri zimatayika ndi zomera zosadzichepetsa zomwe zingapange ndi kukula pa dothi losiyana, pansi pa dzuŵa ndi mumthunzi, ndi bwino kutsatira malamulo ena pamene mukukula.
Kukula mbande
Kukula mwa njirayi kumakuthandizani kuti muthamangitse kusonkhanitsa kwa oyambirira (kale kumayambiriro kwa July) zipatso ndi zomera. Pochita izi, yambani kukula mbande pachiyambi ndi pamaso pa March, kutentha kwa nthaka sikuyenera kupitirira + madigiri 10. Mbewu imayikidwa mu miphika yoyamba yophika (kuti tipewe kuvulazidwa kosafunika kwa mizu pamene tinyamulira pamtunda) ndi mamita pafupifupi masentimita asanu.
Ndikofunikira! Sipinachi yakale ndi yapamwamba imakhala yoyipa kwa thupi laumunthu.
Kenaka pang'ono kanizani ndi nthaka ndi utsi ku utsi. Sipweteka kuphimba mphika ndi filimu ya polyethylene kuti lipititse patsogolo kumera, ndiko kuti, kupanga kutentha kwapsafupi. Pambuyo masiku 10-14 mbewu idzakwera, ndiye filimuyi iyenera kuchotsedwa.
Pamene mbande zikukula ndipo padzakhala masamba 4 mpaka 6, ziyenera kuikidwa pamalo otseguka kapena miphika. Izi kawirikawiri zimachitika mwezi umodzi kapena kupitirira mutabzala.
Kulima mbewu
Ndibwino kuti mutenge msuzi wambiri m'mphepete mwachonde komanso mokwanira. Madzulo a kufesa, mbewu ziyenera kukonzedwa: zilowerere mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate kapena kukonzekera kwapadera kwa mphindi 20-30. Njirayi idzaletsa matenda a fungus ndi kufulumira mbewu kukula kwa masiku atatu kapena anayi.
Pamalo otseguka, kufesa kumachitika nthawi yomweyo chisanu chimasungunuka, pamabedi okonzedwa kale kuti masentimita 2-3, pa mlingo wa chomera chimodzi pa dera la 40 mpaka 40 cm. 
Mbewuzo zimasakanizidwa ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 1 mpaka zitatu ndipo zimayikidwa mu zitsime. Kuti zitheke, mbewu zitatu kapena zinayi ziikidwa mu dzenje limodzi. Pambuyo pa dzenjeli muli chikhomo kapena botolo la pulasitiki lodula, limene limachotsedwa mwamsanga mutamera. Pamene zikukula, ziphuphu zofooka zimachotsedwa, kusiya mbewu imodzi kapena ziwiri.
Mukudziwa? Kuphulika sipinipiberi sipinachi kungakhale kutali ndi misewu ndi sitima, komanso m'malo osapangidwira mankhwala.
Alimi ena amapanga mbeu yochepa m'nyengo yozizira, poyerekezera ndi mbewu zina zamasamba. Koma kuti mupeze nthawi yokolola, kufesa mbewu ziyenera kuchitika mu June-July. Ndiye zokolola zikhoza kuchotsedwa mpaka chisanu choyamba.
Kukula pawindo
Pakhomo, kukula kwa mar yambiri kumakhala kovuta. Kutentha kovomerezeka kokha ndikofunika kuti kukula kusapitirire + madigiri 15, kuthirira bwino ndi kupopera mbewu. Kutentha kwa nthaka sikunachepera 7. Mphukira yoyamba pambuyo pa masiku 20 iyenera kuikidwa. 
Monga feteleza organic fish emulsion kapena ufa kuchokera thonje mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa nthawi yonse ya kukula, feteleza ndi njira ya nayitrogeni komanso osamala kuti asokoneze mizu, kumasula nthaka, n'kofunika.
Palinso njira ina.
Pakhomo la nyumba pawindoli ndi mwayi waukulu kuti banja lanu likhale ndi masamba kapena masamba omwe ali ndi nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Phunzirani momwe mungamere pawindo: katsabola, cilantro, chervil, anyezi wobiriwira, arugula, oregano, letesi, tsabola, tomato yamatchire ndi basil.
Nthanga za sipinachi zimayambidwa pozama masentimita 2-3 mu peti yomwe imakhala ndi masentimita 5 masentimita ndi kuya kwa masentimita 7 mpaka 10, kenako mphika umaikidwa pansi. M'nyengo yozizira amakumba mphika ndikupita nayo kunyumba. Nyumba zingathe kuikidwa pa khonde kapena pawindo. Malamulo akusamalidwa ali pamwambapa.
Kusamalira chikhalidwe
Pamene zomera zikadali zofooka ndi zazing'ono, zimafuna kutsirira ndi kupalira. Madzi okwanira ndi ofunikira kuti pakapita nthawi zipatsozo zikhale zowonjezera komanso zazikulu.
Komanso, kufunika kwa kuthirira kuwonjezeka mu nthawi yotentha ndi youma. Komabe, izi siziri zonse. Kuonjezera kukula kwa zipatso zimayenera kudya nthawi zonse, popanda zipatso, zipatsozo zidzakhala zazikulu ndipo zidzakhala zochepa. Monga chakudya choyamba, ammonium nitrate amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi supuni imodzi ya nitrate pa madzi khumi.
Kenaka petsani nkhuni phulusa ndi zinthu zowonongeka (mu chiŵerengero cha 1 mpaka 5 kuchepetsedwa madzi a mullein), ndiye chakudya chimapangidwa mosiyana ndi zakudya ndi mineral feteleza (kuwerengera: 30-40 g pa 10 l madzi). 
Kufunika kwa kupalira kumatayika ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa zhmida - nthambi zake zowonjezereka zimatseketsa namsongole.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muphunzire kuchotsa namsongole m'munda, omwe mankhwala ophera tizilombo amtunduwu amathandizira kuchotsa iwo ndi chida chotani chofuna kuchotsa namsongole ndi mizu.
Pakulemera kwake kwa zipatsozo, nthambizo zidzagwa pansi pang'onopang'ono, kenako kufunika kwa garter. Komabe, izo zimachitika ndi cholinga chokha - kusunga chiyero cha zokolola.
N'zosavuta kuthana ndi zosayenera sipinachi mphukira - inu basi udzu iwo mu nthawi komanso kupewa kutentha kwa zipatso.
Kugula
Kubzala kumeneku, mbewu zimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku zipatso zoyamba ndi zazikulu komanso zokhwima. Mabulosi amtundu ayenera kusungunuka mosamala pa gauze kapena pepala (mukhoza kuphimba) ndi zouma.
N'zotheka ndipo mwanjira ina: kuweramitsa zipatso, kwa masiku angapo kuti mudzaze madzi. Mwamsanga pamene zamkati zamasamba, sambani mbewuzo ndi madzi. Mbeu zokhwima bwino zidzakhala zakuda, pafupifupi mtundu wakuda. 
Zimagwiritsira ntchito kapu kapena kapu ya galasi kusunga mbewu za sipinachi. Khalani pamalo ozizira ndi kutsika kwa chinyezi.
Ndikofunikira! Sipinachipinachi sipinachi ikhoza kubereka mwa kudzidalira. Choncho, kuti tipeŵe kukula kwake kosasokonezeka chaka chamawa, zipatsozo ziyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala kwambiri.
Zikatero, iwo sadzataya katundu wawo kwa zaka zingapo. Koma zhminda zitha kuzizira. Mufiriji, sichidzawonongeka ndipo padzakhalanso katundu wothandiza.
Strawberry sipinachi imatchuka kwambiri ndipo imakhala yowonjezereka m'minda yamaluwa ndi kumbuyo minda. Ndipo izi ndizo chifukwa cha kukongola kwake komanso zothandiza.
