Mukamadza kaloti mumaganizo (mu kasupe) amatha kukolola kokha kumayambiriro kwa autumn. Komabe, pali njira ina imene mungasangalale ndi kaloti wokonzekera pakati pa chilimwe. Ndizodzala muzu usanafike nyengo yozizira. Njira imeneyi si yotchuka komanso yopanda pake. Kubzala kaloti mu kugwa sikungothandiza kuti mukolole msanga, komanso kumathandizira kusamba pa tsamba. Momwe mungadzalemo kaloti moyenera mu kugwa ndi momwe mungasamalire kufesa, tidzanena zambiri.
Mitengo yabwino kwambiri yozizira
Kusankha kalasi yoyenera ndikofunika kwambiri. Zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa pakati pa nyengo ndi mitundu yoyamba yakucha yosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu.
Malingana ndi zomwe anakumana nazo wamaluwa, mitundu yabwino ya kaloti m'nyengo yozizira ndi awa:
- Vitamini Ndibwino kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano mu saladi, appetizers. Zipatso ndizowala lalanje, yowutsa mudyo, ndi yotchulidwa lokoma kukoma. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala ndi khalidwe la kusunga bwino, silimasokoneza, pamene chodzala chimadzazidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa nthaka, choncho palibe mtundu wobiriwira kapena wofiirira pamwamba pazitsamba.
- Shantane Zina mwa ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana: sizeng'onong'ono, zimasonyeza kukana chilala, mosungidwa bwino, chiri ndi zipatso zazikulu. Komabe, kukoma kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kumakhala koipitsitsa kuposa ya vitamini. Kuonjezera apo, chipatso chili ndi phindu lalikulu.
- Nantes. Gulu lotchuka kwambiri la sartneranny la kaloti kwa podzimny ikamatera. Zipatso zimakhala zazikuluzikulu, zozungulira, zokhala ndizing'ono komanso zamchere zowakometsera. Ubwino wina wa kalasi umakhala ndi khalidwe la kusunga bwino ndi kudzichepetsa.
- Losinoostrovskaya. Zopindulitsa zazikuluzikuluzo ndizomwe zimatsutsa kwambiri chisanu. Zipatso zikhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, popanda kutaya zinthu zokoma ndi zothandiza. Zili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, ochepa kwambiri, ojambula mu lalanje, ngakhale mtundu wofiira.
- Moscow nyengo yozizira. Wodzichepetsa kwa nyengo ya pakatikati ya nyengo nyengo zosiyanasiyana kaloti. Zosungidwa bwino, zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mowa watsopano, mankhwala otentha ndi zamzitini.
- Mtsikana wokongola. Kuyambira pamayambiriro oyambirira, kalasi yosasinthika. Ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri: okoma, shuga, madzi ndi mchere, mtima ndi wawung'ono. Muzu wa mbeu ndi wausinkhu wofiira, wokongola, uli ndi mdima wonyezimira.
- Ndalama yathu. Gulu losiyanasiyana la ntchito: yoyenera kudya mwatsopano, pokonzekera timadziti ndi zakudya zamzitini. Zipatso zimakhala zazikulu, zamakono kapena zowonongeka, ndi mtundu wawung'ono, wa mtundu wofiira wa lalanje. Kaloti za zosiyanasiyana amadziwika ndi zabwino lokoma kukoma, juiciness ndi kuchuluka mlingo wa carotene.
Mukudziwa? Kalekale ku Germany kunali chikhulupiliro chakuti maluwa a lalanje ndiwo chakudya chomwe ankachikonda kwambiri. Ankaganiza kuti ngati mbale ya kaloti imatengedwa kupita ku nkhalango usiku, m'mawa mungapeze golide wa golide omwe amamera amatha kubwezera.
Pamene chodzala kaloti mu kugwa
Kusankha masiku odzala ndi chikhalidwe chachiwiri cha kukolola bwino. Ngati mukulakwitsa ndi tsiku lodzala, mbewu zidzatuluka kale ndipo sizidzapulumuka chisanu, kapena sizidzafesa konse. Mavuto ozindikira nthawi ndi abodza chifukwa chakuti m'madera osiyanasiyana nyengo zimasiyana, ndipo nyengo imatha kusadziwika ndi kusintha. Chifukwa chakuti ndondomeko zokhudzana ndi kalendala zokha zimagwira ntchito.
Mbewu zomwe zingabzalidwe isanafike nyengo yozizira ndi parsley, anyezi, adyo, mbatata.
Masiku a kalendala ndi nyengo
Kawirikawiri, opanga mbewu amasonyeza phukusi lomwe analimbikitsa masiku oti afesedwe, kuphatikizapo kufesa nyengo yozizira isanakwane. Malingana ndi zosiyana, nthawi iyi imatha kuyambira kumapeto kwa October mpaka kumayambiriro kwa December. Komabe, kumbukirani kuti kudyetsa kwadzinja sikutheka kutsogoleredwa ndi masiku a kalendala - muyenera kutsogoleredwa makamaka ndi nyengo zakuthambo. 
Mavuto a nyengo
Ndikofunika kusankha nthawi pamene chisanu chimachitika, ndipo chisanu chimatsatira mwamsanga pambuyo pawo. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa nyengo yowonetsera nyengo. Kutentha kwa pansi ayenera kumira 2-3 ° ะกndi pafupifupi kutentha mpweya uyenera kukhala wosiyana 0-2 ° C.
Mbewu yosafunika sayenera kubzalidwa pambuyo pa mvula, chifukwa mbewu zimayamba kumera mu nthaka yamtendere ndi kutentha kwabwino. Ndipo ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito njirayi mutabzala (malo akuluakulu a malo), ndiye kuti zowonjezera zowumba zimamatira ndi kuyika zipangizo, zomwe zidzasokoneza kwambiri njira. Pambuyo mvula muyenera kuyembekezera kuti nthaka iume. Zimavomerezedwa ngati kutangotsala pang'ono kufika pang'onopang'ono kugwa kwa chisanu.
Mukudziwa? Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti lalanje ndi lachirengedwe ndi mtundu wokha wa mizu, zomwe si zoona kwenikweni. Poyamba, kuthengo, ndiwo zamasamba zinali zofiirira, panali mizu yoyera, yachikasu, yofiira ndi yamdima wakuda. Ndipo mawonekedwe a karoti a lalanje anachitika kokha m'zaka za zana la XVII ku Netherlands, chifukwa cha ntchito yovuta ya obereketsa.
Zizindikiro za dera
Nthawi yoti kuchoka kwa mbewu zidzasintha malinga ndi dera komanso nyengo yake:
- Moscow dera. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa October mpaka pakati pa November.
- Siberia. M'dera lovutali, kubzala kumakhala kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa Oktoba mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa November. Ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yabwino yozizira.
- Ural Kulowa mumzindawu ukuchitika kuyambira kumapeto kwa October mpaka theka la November.
- Ukraine Kummwera chakumwera, pakapita nthawi ayenera kubwerera. Kumadera akummwera, imagwa kumayambiriro ndi pakati pa December, kumpoto kwa dziko - pakati pa November.
Kumene mungabzalidwe pa webusaitiyi
Pamene mwasankha pa zosiyanasiyana ndi nthawi yabwino, muyenera kusankha kusankha malo kuti mubzalidwe.
Kuyika mabedi
Muzu umakula bwino pa mchenga, lotayirira dothi ndi msinkhu wosalowerera kapena wochepa wa Ph (5.5-7). Ndikofunika kuti mpweya wabwino uzisungidwa mu nthaka. Pewani malo okhala ndi lolemera, loamy kapena loamy nthaka. Pamafunika kukhala malo owala kwambiri pawebusaiti, chifukwa kusowa kwawo kudzatsogolera ku zokolola zochepa. Ndifunikanso kuti dzikolo likhale lathyathyathya kapena laling'ono.
Ndikofunikira! Simungathe kusankha malo omwe madzi ambiri amasungunuka, mwinamwake mbewuzo zimavunda.
Ancestors: zabwino ndi zoipa
Mawonetseredwe a Zomera za Maluwa a Orange bwino kumera ndi zokolola m'madera omwe kale mbewuzo zinakula kale:
- mankhwala osakaniza (mbatata, phwetekere, biringanya);
- dzungu (vwende, sikwashi, zukini, mavwende, dzungu);
- anyezi (anyezi, adyo, adyo zakutchire);
- kabichi.
Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zidzakhala, ngati dothi lidakalizidwa ndi humus kapena kompositi pansi pa mbewu zimenezi.
Phunzirani momwe mungapangire manyowa ndi manja anu, mu matumba, momwe mungakonzekerere kompositi.
Simungakhoze kubzala mizu pambuyo pa nyemba ndi parsley, chifukwa padzakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chowonongera mizu ndi tizirombo. Komanso, simungabzalitse masamba alanje pamalo omwewo chaka ndi chaka - muyenera kupuma kwa zaka 3-4. 
Ganizirani kuti mutatha kukolola kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, mutha kukhala ndi malo abwino, omwe angathenso kugwira ntchito. Choncho, ndikofunika kudziwa zomwe mbewu zimalimbikitsidwa kubzala pambuyo pa kaloti. Analoledwa kubzala kabichi, tsabola, tomato. Kawirikawiri, lamulo la kayendedwe ka mbeu lingathe kufotokozedwa mwachidule motere: ndizofunikira kusintha mizu ndi zipatso zapamwamba.
Kukonzekera mabedi
Kukonzekera malo oti mubzalale mbewu ayenera kukonzekera pamene kutentha kwa dothi ndi mpweya kumakhalabe pamwamba.
Ndondomeko yokonzekera:
- Samasulani pansi, phulani mawere ndi ziphuphu, kuti muyambe kudera m'deralo.
- Chotsani namsongole.
- Pangani masentimita mpaka masentimita 3-4 masentimita m'lifupi mwake pafupifupi masentimita 20-25 pakati pawo.
- Dothi lanu "lolemera", "mafuta" ndi dothi, muyenera kuyika mchenga mpaka 2-3 masentimita ndipo kamodzinso ndibwino.
Ndikofunikira! Pasanapite nthawi, muyenera kukonzekera nthaka yomwe mudzawaza mbewuzo. Izi ziyenera kukhala zisanayambe zouma, zong'ambika, zotsuka ku zinyalala ndi namsongole. Ndiyeneranso choyamba kukonzekera mulch.
Pa izi, kukonzekera kwa mabedi kumatha ndipo kumakhala kuyembekezera kuyamba kwa chisanu kubzala mbewu.
Ndikufuna ndikukonzekera mbewu zoyamba
Mu nthawi yopangira kaloti m'chaka, mbewu ziyenera kukhala zoyamba zilowerere ndi kumerakuonjezera kumera. Komabe, panthawi yoyambilira yophukira ya mizu, njirazi sizitsimikiziridwa, chifukwa mbewu zomwe zatulutsa chinyezi zingamere msanga ndi kufa chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira.
Posankha mbewu, perekani zokonda kwambiri zomwe zasungidwa bwino: pamene kutentha kwa mpweya ndi 14-16 ° C ndi chinyezi siposa 75%. Ngati salifu ya moyo wa mbeu iposa zaka zitatu, mbewu zoterezo ziyenera kutayidwa.
Kwa kubzala kwadzinja sangathe kusankha mbewu za tepi, ziyenera kukhala zizolowezi zosavuta.
Ndondomeko, ndondomeko komanso kukula kwa mbeu
Ndi kuyamba kwa chisanu muyenera kufulumira kugwira ntchito:
- Ngati chipale chogwa, chiyenera kutsukidwa mosamala kapena kuchotsedwa pamabedi.
- Mabotolo angakhale pang'ono owazidwa ndi phulusa kuti ateteze mbewu kuchokera ku tizirombo.
- Kenaka, muyenera kufalitsa mbewu pamabedi ndi mtunda wa masentimita 2.5.
- Fukani pafupifupi 2 cm ndi nthaka yokonzeka.
- Pamwamba yonjezerani chingwe cha peat kapena humus ndi makulidwe a 2 cm.
- Nthaka imafuna kanyumba kakang'ono.
- Kumapeto kwa mabedi akhoza kukonzedwa ndi matalala, ngati agwa, kapena nthambi zapulosi.
Nkofunika kuti mbeuyo ikhale masentimita 3-4. Ngati mbeu ili pafupi kwambiri, imatha kutsukidwa ndi madzi osungunuka, ndipo ngati yayamba kwambiri, mmerawo umatha msanga, chifukwa chisanu chimasungunuka.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kudzala mbewu za karoti ndi 20-30% kuposa masika, poganizira kuti mbewu zina sizidzawuka.
Kusamalira chithandizo chamankhwala
M'chaka, malo okhala pamthambi ayenera kuchotsedwa pamene chisanu chimasungunuka. Ngati chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa chimakhala chowopsa kwambiri, chingathenso kuchotsedweratu kuti chifulumizitse ndondomeko ya kusungunuka. Kenaka, kudera lanu muyenera kutambasula nsalu yambiri kapena filimu kutalika kwa 20-30 masentimita kuti mufulumire mphukira. Pamene mphukira ikuwonekera, iwo, ngati kuli kofunikira, amafunika kukhala ochepa thupi ndi udzu.
Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge za kulima kaloti (zomwe mungachite ngati kaloti simukuuka, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito madzi ndi manyowa, kumenyana ndi matenda); kusungirako, zopindulitsa ndi zovulaza, kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala achipatala.
Ngati kasupe ndi youma kwambiri, nthawi zina zomera zina sizikhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira, chifukwa mizu yosadziwika sitingathe kutulutsa chinyezi kuchokera ku nthaka zakuya. Chifukwa kaloti, ngati n'koyenera, wothira madzi ofunda.
Kaloti yofesedwa kuyambira autumn sali woyenera kusungirako nthawi yaitali, chifukwa muyenera kudzala mizu yanu kuti mugwiritse ntchito mbeu kwa miyezi 1-2. Zipatso zothandiza zalanje zidzafika nthawi yoyenera kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, pamene thupi lifunikira mavitamini ochulukirapo. Koma zokolola zoyambirira zikhonza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukolola ndi kukonzanso. Kwa wamaluwa ambiri, podzimny kubzala masamba amawoneka ovuta komanso osayenerera, koma kwenikweni, izi ndizofulumira, zomwe zimabweretsa zokolola zabwino.
