Pokula maluwa ayenera kuyandikira kwambiri moyenera. Kuyambira pamtunda uwu uwu ndi kubadwa kwa moyo watsopano. Kuti duwa liphuke, muyenera kuliyang'anira ndikuyika moyo wanu wonse mmenemo.
Pansies, kapena viola ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri chimene chimamasula mumasika. Zimatha ngakhale kupirira kasupe frosts ndi pachimake kwambiri kuposa kuposa maluwa ena. Kuti mumvetse momwe mungakulire mnyumba, muyenera kudziwa zochepa.
Zizindikiro za kumayenda ndi manja awo
Kuti maluwa awa akondweretse diso mu chaka choyamba cha kutuluka, m'pofunika kudzala kakang'ono kamene kamapanga mbande. Kuyambira kulumpha kumakhala kumapeto kwa February, kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March.
Malingaliro ofunika kwa zotsatira zabwino
Zakudya zoyenera ndi zofooka za asidi zomwe zimagwira nthaka ziyenera kukhala zokonzeka. Malo oti chodzala ayenera kukhala ouma, koma moyenera. Mbewu iyenera kukonzedwa ndi dothi la 4-5 mm, motero, mphukira zoyamba zikhoza kuzindikiridwa mofulumira.
Nkofunika kuyang'ana kutentha kwabwino kwa kukula kwa maluwa. Mmerawo uyenera kubzalidwa m'chipinda ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 17-18. Mphukira yoyamba ikawonekera, muyenera kuchepetsa kutentha kwa madigiri 13.
Ayenera kutsata mtunda wina pakati pa mbande, yomwe ndi 10-20 masentimita. Ngati mtunda wa pakati pa mbande suwoneka, mizu ya mbeuyo ingavunde.
Kodi mungachite bwanji kunyumba kwanu?
Kukula viola kunyumba kapena ku greenhouses kudzabala zipatso, monga mphukira zidzapatsidwa chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro chokwanira. Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe adapeza chomera chodula mtengo ndikufuna kukongola maluwa ndi maluwa ambiri owala amakula pansi panyumba.
Chophika chophika, nthaka yolemba, feteleza
Nthaka ikhoza kugulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera, ndi kuwonjezera mchenga, izi ndi zomwe zidzalola mizu kukula bwino. Mukhozanso kudzikonzekera nokha kukonzekera nthaka mwa kusakaniza peat ndi nthaka ya dothi, humus ndi mchenga. Muzisakaniza izi ziyenera kubzalidwa mbeu za pansies ndikutsanulira madzi pang'ono.
Kuti zitheke bwino, ndi bwino kuyika mabokosi a mbewu m'malo amdima, motero kukula kumathamanga. Mapepala oyambirira atakula, miphika ikhoza kutulutsidwa m'chipinda chowala.
Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti nthaka nthawi zonse imakhala yonyowa.
Mutabzala mbewu, muyenera kuyembekezera kuti masamba oyambirira akule.. Kenaka muyenera kuika mbande miphika yosiyana. Viola kawirikawiri amalekerera kuika. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti aliyense apange mphika wosiyana, ndipo uwaike pawindo.
Nthaka ya mbande idzakhala yofanana ndi mbeu, koma m'pofunika kuwonjezera mchere wamchere. Zochita izi zidzabwezeretsa mizu yomwe yawonongeka panthawi yoika.
Kodi kudzala liti?
Kuti muyankhe funso pamene mubzala pansies, muyenera kudziwa chomwe chiri chomera. Ngati mbande zikufunika kugulitsidwa, mbewu zimabzalidwa mu December-January. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mbande zikhoza kugulitsidwa kale. Ngati viola akufunika kukongoletsa bedi lako, ndiye kuti nthawi yabwino yobzala pansies ndikumayambiriro kwa masika. Panthawi ino, nyengo yabwino kwambiri ya zomera kumera.
Palibe njira yokonzekera mbewu yobzala.. Chifukwa cha ichi, ambiri wamaluwa amasankha pansies. Chofunika chokhacho chidzakhala bwino kugula mbewu kumalo owonetseredwa, kuti ntchito yina ikhale yopanda kanthu.
Kodi zikhalidwe ndi ziti?
Mbewu ziyenera kumera pamtunda wotsika, pakati pa 17-20 madigiri. Kuunikira kuyenera kukhala mdima, koma masamba atangoyamba kuwoneka, maluwa ayenera kusunthira kumalo okongola. Nthaka nthawi zonse iyenera kukhala yonyowa.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Kubzala nthawi idzakhala yosiyana ndi zomwe mlimi akufuna kuti akwaniritse.. Ngati adzalandira maluwa omwe azikongoletsera flowerbed kwa zaka ziwiri, ndiye kuti mbewu ziyenera kubzalidwa mwezi wa June, ngati ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi maluwa kwa chaka chimodzi, ndiye kuti kubzala kungatheke mu February-March.
Kuyambira mbande
Kwa mbande, ndikofunikira kukonzekera nthaka yabwino, yomwe idzakhala ndi peat, mchenga, munda wa dothi, humus.
Mbewu ziyenera kubzalidwa mabokosi ndi kusungidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena malo ena ofunda. Choncho, nthawi yobzala, mbande zokwanira zidzamera popanga bedi lapamwamba la maluwa.
Kodi nthaka iyenera kukhala yotani?
Ndikofunikira kuti nthaka isamasuke. Nthaka ikhoza kugulidwa pa sitolo iliyonse yapadera, ndipo chifukwa cha zotsatira zabwino, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera mchenga. Mchere wamchere ndi wangwiro kukula kwa pansies.
Kukonzekera
Ngati mlimiyo wasankha kukhala wokhutira ndi maluwa a pansies posachedwa, ayenera kuyamba kukula mbande. Chimodzi mwa magawo ofunika mu ntchitoyi ndikusankha masamba.
Tengani chomera chiyenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa, monga masamba a duwa ndi ofooka., ndipo kusuntha kulikonse kolakwika kungawononge zomera zonse. Ndikofunika kuchotsa mbande mu bokosi pamodzi ndi dothi, kotero mphukira zidzasintha. Popeza ntchitoyi ndi yovuta, mungathe kuwononga mizu, mwamsanga izi sizikutanthauza kuti mbewuyo idzafa, kukula kwake kungachedwe pang'ono.
Mbewu ikabzala m'munda, iyenera kukhala yokutidwa ndi dothi lokhala ndi udzu, kenako imwe madzi.
Kodi mungaike bwanji pansi?
Nthaŵi zambiri, nyengo yabwino kwambiri imakhala mu May, pamene palibe mwayi kuti chisanu chigwa kapena kutentha kwa mpweya kudzatsika.
Kusankhidwa kwa malo ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi njira yapadera. Mbande ziyenera kubzalidwa pamalo owala.kotero kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kumagwera pa maluwa.
Pa nthawi yomweyi, gawoli siliyenera kutseguka, monga momwe zilili, maluwawo adzangotentha. Malo abwino kwambiri adzakhala malo omwe pali mitengo yambiri.
Chisamaliro chachikulu chiyenera kulipidwa pansi. Ziyenera kukhala zotayirira ndi airy. Ndili pansi pazimenezi, pansies imafalikira mwamsanga ndipo idzakondweretsa anthu ozungulira iwo ndi kukongola kwawo. Mtunda pakati pa mbande ukhale 20 cm.
Aftercare
Mbewu zitabzalidwa pansi, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitika:
- Nthawi zonse kudyetsa ndi mchere feteleza. Oyenera kwambiri ndiwo omwe ali ndi nitrogen, phosphorous, potaziyamu. Viola sangakhale ndi feteleza ndi manyowa atsopano.
- Kutsegula. Zidzakhala bwino pokhapokha pamalo omasuka kwambiri. Izi zimathandiza kuchotsa udzu wosafunafuna ndikulola mpweya kulowa m'nthaka.
- Kuthirira. Monga chomera chilichonse, viola ayenera kuthiriridwa. Koma musapitirire, chifukwa maluwa ofunda kwambiri amatha kuchepa kwambiri.
Kuchita ntchito pa nthawi zosiyana za chaka.
Pansies ndi odzichepetsa kwambiri, makamaka mbewu kapena mbande zidabzalidwa kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira-oyambirira autumn, komanso kuwonjezera apo, wamaluwa omwe ali ndi greenhouses akhoza kubzala mbewu maluwa m'nyengo ya chilimwe-autumn.
Biennial maluwa mu mabedi mabedi ayenera yokutidwa ndi udzu kapena spruce mu nyengo ya chisanu.
Maluwa ndi matenda otheka
Kodi limatuluka liti? Viola amayamba kuphulika kumapeto kwa kasupe ndipo amasangalatsa ena ndi kuwala kwake m'nyengo yachilimwe. Ngakhale kuti mlimiyo angasamalire mosamala zomera, pansies ndizovuta kwambiri kupeŵa matenda osiyanasiyana omwe angakhoze kuwononga maluwa, kapena kupanga mtundu wawo kukhala wofewa.
Matenda owopsa kwambiri mu viola ndi mzu kapena tsinde lovunda.. Ngati matendawa akuwoneka mumsinkhu wamkulu, ndiye kuti zidzatha m'nyengo yozizira.
M'chilimwe, zomera zofooka zimatha kudwala ngati dothi silinakumbidwe ndi lolemera kwambiri, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira zonse zomwe zimapangidwira maluwa.
Matenda ngati dzimbiri kapena powdery mildew ndi ochepa.. Koma, ndizoopsa kwambiri pa moyo wa chomeracho.
Zikuwoneka ngati zoyera pachimake, ndipo ngati wamaluwa akuwona izi, ayenera kuwachitira ndi 1% Bordeaux madzi.
Zingatheke kuti pansies osati zomera zosadzichepetsa, koma kuyamikira kukongola kwawo nyengo yonse ndikofunikira kupanga njira zingapo. Pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zabwino kuti zikule, viola idzathokoza anthu onse pozungulira.
