Kudulira mphesa - gawo loyenera la ntchito ya kumunda. Cholinga cha kudulira ndiko kuonjezera zokolola, kusamalira chisamaliro cha mipesa (tchire), komanso mapangidwe abwino a chomera.
Kudulira mphesa: yophukira kapena kasupe?
Zimadalira nyengo yoyendera nyengo kumene munda wamphesa umakula. Ngati nyengo ili yofewa, ndiye kuti kutchetchera kwadula sikuli koyipa kuposa nthawi ya autumn. Koma ngati tikulankhula za kumpoto, kumene nyengo imakhala yovuta, ndiye kuti nthawi yophukira imalimbikitsidwa, chifukwa imathandizira nyengo yozizira, ndi munda wa mpesa - njira yokhala mphesa m'nyengo yozizira.
Kumeneko kusamba sikuli koopsa, kudulira kudulira kumachitika pamaso pa kuyambira kwazowonjezera frosts. Mu kasupe kasupe ka chitsamba palibe chomwe chingalole "misonzi ya mphesa" - pamodzi ndi madzi mpesa umatayika zakudya ndi kufufuza zinthu, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyengo yokolola, ndipo zingathenso kutsogolera imfa ya chitsamba.
Pachifukwa ichi, kasupe kudulira kuyenera kuchitidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika kusanayambe kuyamwa kutaya. Kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala + 5 ℃. 
Chida chofunikira
Pofuna kudulira zofunika pruner, hacksaw ndi lopper. Zipangizo zonse ziyenera kukhala zolimba komanso zoyera. Secateurs adakola mipesa yaing'ono, yopanda mphamvu kuposa theka la masentimita, ndi manja aang'ono.
Okonda mphesa adzakondwera kuŵerenga za phindu la mbewu za mphesa, masamba a mphesa, madzi a mphesa, mphesa, zoumba, vinyo wofiira.Hicksaw yakonzedwa kuti ichepetse mphukira zakuda, komanso kusamalidwa tchire zakale, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kubwezeretsanso. The delimber (mtundu wa pruner) ndi kofunikira kuchotsa nthambi kumadera akutali ndi ovuta kufika.
Kodi ndi nthawi yanji yosakera zitsamba
Mu kukonzedwa kwa mphesa, palibe chovuta: Mitengo yachinyamata imadulidwa kuti iwapangitse mawonekedwe, kutengera mafupa a chitsamba chamtsogolo. Kukhwima - kukweza fruiting ndi kukonzanso.
Nthawi yoyenera kutchera mphesa (masiku)
Malingaliro a kudulira mphesa amadalira nyengo yomwe ili. Kum'mwera kwa mapiri, mphesa zimadulidwa masabata angapo pambuyo pa masamba. M'nyengo yozizira, njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa mpaka chisanu chikhale cholimba.
Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge momwe mungamere mphesa kuchokera ku chubuk ndi mbewu.M'madera ochepa (palibe chofunika kuphimba chomera), kudulira kungatumizedwe kumapeto. Amagawidwa potsata kudulira, kupangira chaka ndi chaka.
Kupanga kudulira kumapangidwira kuti chitsamba chikhale chopangidwa.
Malingana ndi mtundu wa kapangidwe (mbale, cordon, fan, etc.), njira zowonongeka zingakhale zosiyana. Icho chimachitika asanafike kufika kwa chisanu choyamba. Chotsani mphukira zosagwira (zobiriwira).
Cholinga chachikulu ndicho kukhala ndi zokolola zambiri za chitsamba chokhwima. Ndi panthawi ino kuti mapangidwe a zipatso za m'tsogolomu ndi mawonekedwe a mtsogolo a mawonekedwe a nyengo yotsatira. Chipatso cha chipatso ndi mpesa umene udzabale zipatso nyengo yotsatira.
Nsalu yowonjezera ili yofunikira kuti igwiritse ntchito zipatso zotsatira zotsatira kudutsa nyengoyi. Kudulira kuyenera kuchitika patangotha masabata angapo pambuyo poyamba, koma isanakhale isanayambike chisanu. Powonongolitsa kudulira, sichimangotengera chipatso cha mpesa, komanso manja, popeza atopa zaka zingapo.
Malamulo oyambirira kudulira mitengo
Pali zazifupi, zotalika, zosakaniza ndi zosakaniza zowoneka mphesa. Yochepa, makamaka yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tchire tating'ono. Pogwiritsira ntchito mtundu umenewu, maso awiri okhawo atsalira pa mphukira pamunsi, otsala a mphukira achotsedwa.
Onetsetsani mitundu yabwino kwambiri yoyamba, yoyera, yoyera, pinki, yakuda, tebulo, yosagonjetsedwa, yosasunthika ndi mphesa zamakono.
Kudulira nthawi yaitali kumaphatikizapo kugwira ntchito ndi zomera zazikulu (mapangidwe a zipatso 4-6 ndi maso 10-12 atsala m'nkhalango). Kudulira pakati kumaphatikizapo kupanga mapesa a zipatso ndi chiwerengero cha maso mpaka 3 mpaka 10. 
Kudulira mitengo yosiyanasiyana kumapangidwe kafupikitsidwe (kwa 1-2 masamba) ndi mgwirizano wautali wautali wa 5-12. Kusankhidwa kwa kutalika kwa mipesa kudula kumadalira njira ya chisanu ndi kukula kwa chitsamba.
Kwa mitundu yonse yopanga mpesa, mungathe kufotokoza malamulo onse:
- odulidwa sayenera kukhala pafupi ndi diso (makamaka masentimita 2-3 pamwambapa);
- mdulidwe uyenera kukhala wamtundu ndi kutsogozedwa mkati mwa chomera;
- Ndibwino kuti musamatsuke bwino chida chilichonse mutachoka chomera kuti mutha kutulutsa mavitamini kuchokera ku chomera kupita ku chimzake.
Ndikofunikira! Kudulira kulikonse kumakhala kolemetsa kwa mbewu, kotero yesetsani kupanga ndondomekoyi mwakukhoza, chifukwa kusagwirizana ndi malamulo a ndondomeko kungayambitse imfa ya mphesa.
Njira yoyenera ya kudulira kudulira, malingana ndi msinkhu komanso mapangidwe a mphesa
Mukamapanga mpesa, ntchito imapangidwa nthawi zonse masika komanso m'dzinja.
Video: kudulira mphesa m'dzinja
Malingana ndi siteji ya mapangidwe ndi chitsamba, njira zochepetsera zimasiyana. M'zaka zoyamba za moyo, kudula mitengo kumatengedwa m'njira yotengera mafupa a mtsogolo.
M'zaka zotsatira, mu kugwa, mipesa yonse yomwe inagwedezeka inadulidwa, ndikusiya nsonga zokhazokha. Kamodzi pa zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu (6-8) amathera m'malo mwa manja.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuwerenga za momwe mungabzalemo mphesa ndi cuttings ndi mapapu.
Chaka choyamba cha moyo
Kuti apangidwe mawonekedwe a nyongolotsi m'chaka choyamba cha moyo, chiwembu chokha ndi masamba awiri chimasiyidwa pa mphukira. Pa cordon mapangidwe, 2-3 masamba amatsalira pa mphukira, ena onse akudulidwa. Kwa okonda kudulira chaka choyamba amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zomwezo monga zoyamba ziwiri. 
Chaka chachiwiri cha moyo
Mafuta ophimbidwa, sapling amapatsidwa mofanana ndi pamene adadulidwa chaka choyamba, ndiko kuti, mphukira yamtundu imachotsedwa, ndipo masamba awiri amasiyidwa pansi. Pamene cordon idulira pa mphukira iliyonse imachoka masamba 3-4, china chirichonse chimachotsedwa.
Mukudziwa? Zimakhala zofunikira kufesa parsley pansi pa chitsamba cha mphesa. - Amamuthandiza kuthana ndi tizirombo tina.
Kuti apange mawotchi m'chaka chachiwiri, ndi mphukira zingati zomwe zimapangidwa m'dzinja ndizofunika kwambiri:
- Ngati 2, 3-4 masamba amasiyidwa pamodzi;
- ngati 3, ndiye chachitatu chikuchotsedwa, ndipo kwa otsalawo zonse zikubwerezedwa, monga momwe zinalili kale;
- ngati 4 - kenako musiye masamba 2-3, ena onse achotsedwa.
Chaka chachitatu cha moyo
M'dzinja lachitatu, ndi kupangidwe, 3-4 mawanga otsalira, omwe 3-4 kunja masamba amasiyidwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe apamwamba ntchito yaikulu yopanga mapangidwe imapangidwa kumapeto kwa nyengo, pofika nthawi yophukira, mphukira yomaliza, imatsutsana ndi chitsamba chotsatira.
Zomwe zimapangidwe mu kugwa zimafuna kupanga zipatso zogwirizana - chipatso chimodzi cha zipatso chimadulidwa mu masamba 10.
Chaka chachinayi
Kugwa, mipesa imadulidwanso kuchokera ku mphukira 4 kupanga mapangidwe anayi, omwe amapanga manja a mbale. Kwa chaka chotsatira cordon, chipatso cha zipatso cha 10-12 masamba chimapangidwa, ndipo kuchokera ku mphukira yachiwiri, m'malo mwake amapangidwa.
Video: Mphindi ndi sitepe yolakwika Chitsamba cha mphesa chomwe chimapangidwira chaka chino chakhala chikugwira ntchito mwakhama, choncho, ntchito za autumn zimayesetsa kusunga chitsamba - kuchotsa zokolola zomwe zinasonkhanitsidwa pamodzi ndi kupanga mapangidwe atsopano pa nyengo yotsatira.
Chaka chachisanu
Chophimbacho chimawumbidwa kale, choncho ntchito yophukira imayesetsa kusunga fruiting chitsamba. Siyani mfundo ndi masamba awiri pamanja.
Pezani mayankho a mafunso awa: Momwe mungamere mphesa masika, nthawi ndi mphesa mphesa, kaya kusamalira mphesa pa nthawi ya maluwa, momwe mungasamalire komanso musadye mphesa, momwe mungadyetse mphesa mu masika ndi autumn.The chitsamba ndi cordon mapangidwe kuchokera chachisanu autumn amathandizidwa kuti akhalebe mkulu fruiting - amachoka 10-12 masamba kwa lotsatira tier, ndipo ena amachotsedwa. Firimu ya chitsamba chifukwa chachisanu chachisanu chimafuna ntchito zomwezo monga kale.
Kumasulira manja: momwe mungadulire mphesa pambuyo pa zaka 6
Chifukwa cholowetsamo manja sichikutanthauza kungokalamba komwe kulipo, komanso matendawa, chisanu. Ngati sikutheka kukonzekera gawo lachiwiri ndi lachitatu, ndiye kuti loyamba ndiloyenera kukonzekera m'malo. 
Kuti apange masewera atsopano adzatenga zaka 3-4, kotero muyenera kuwerengera nthawi yowonjezeramo kuti pasakhale kusokonezeka mu fruiting. Momwe mungadziwire kuti ukalamba wa manjawo umakhala wotani?
Ndikofunika kumvetsera kufunika kwa zokolola: kukula kwa masango ndi zipatso, kukula kwa kukula komanso kukhala ndi thanzi. Ngati ntchitoyi ikuyamba kuwonongeka, manjawo sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo ayenera kusinthidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, mphukira zothandizira zikhoza kukhala zothandiza, komanso mbali imachokera pamanja (pamwamba).
Ndikofunikira!Ngati palibe chobwezeretsa pamanja, pamunsi pake, chiunochi chimapangidwa ndi mkuwa kapena waya wonyezimira, potero kumayambitsa masamba osachepera pansi pa chiuno chakumapeto kwa chitukuko. Umu ndi momwe kumapangidwira manja atsopano.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa pambuyo pochepetsa
Pambuyo kudulira, pamene kutaya kwa madzi kutayika kumatha, ndi bwino kulingalira za kukonzekera mphesa kwa nyengo yozizira. 
Poyambirira ndi bwino kuthana ndi chitsamba kuchokera ku tizirombo zomwe zingathe kukhala pamtunda wotsalira. Chotsatira ndicho kudziwa malo ogona a mphesa.
Ngati chomeracho chikadali chaching'ono, gawo la nthaka likhoza kukonkhedwa ndi nthaka, kapena yokutidwa ndi bokosi kapena botolo la pulasitiki, losungidwa ndi zinthu zakutchire. Siyani dzenje limodzi kuti chomera chikhale mpweya wabwino (icho chatsekedwa kokha ngati kutentha kumatsika pansipa -15).
Zingakuthandizeni kuti muwerenge momwe mungagwirire ndi tizirombo zosiyanasiyana ndi matenda a mphesa.
Chomera chachikulu chiyenera kuchotsedwa ku zothandizira, kufalikira pansi ndi kusungunuka ndi polyethylene pamwamba pogwiritsa ntchito makina obiriwira otentha, omwe filimuyi imatambasulidwa. Kumbali imodzi, kutenthetsa kotereku kumachoka mu dzenje kuti likhale lolimba ndi kutulutsa mpweya wa ndodoyo. Tcherani, inunso, munapereka madontho otentha ku -15 ndi pansi.
Video: malo ogona mphesa m'nyengo yozizira
Zizindikiro zogonjetsa
Mukayamba kugwira ntchito ndi mphesa makamaka makamaka popanga mpesa, zimakhala zovuta kupewa zolakwa. Zochita zambiri sizili bwino, osati mfundo zonse za ntchito zikuwonekera bwino.
Nazi mndandanda wa zolakwa zazikulu za obwera ku bizinesi:
- Zofooka zochepa zokolola - ndizofunikira kusankha mbewu yabwino ndi yathanzi ndikuisunga bwino m'tsogolomu. Makungwa a mmera wabwino ayenera kukhala ofiira kwambiri mu mtundu, wopanda banga. Impso ziyenera kukhala ndi maonekedwe abwino, osasokonezeka.
- Kupuntha kosayenera - sikokwanira komanso kosayembekezereka. Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati palibe kukwanira kudulira, chitsamba chimakula ndi kuwonongeka kwa fruiting. Kudulira kuyenera kuchitika m'dzinja kawiri: choyamba ndi chomaliza. Zosamalidwa posachedwa. Chotsatira - pambuyo pa kutaya kuyamwa kumaima, kuti asamawonongeke.
- Kusintha kwa nyengo ndi chisanu - kusagwirizana ndi malamulo a chisamaliro cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa, malingana ndi maonekedwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kutalika kumene imakula. Ngati zosiyana sizingathe kuzizira, ndiye ziyenera kukonzekera nyengo yozizira mwamsanga, chifukwa kuchedwa kungatheke ndi chisanu. Mitengo yopanda mphepo iyenera kukonzekera mtsogolo, popeza ili ndi nthawi yayitali yotaya madzi. Kudulira koyambirira ndi njira za winterizing zingayambitse kutaya kapena kutha. Kuloledwa kwa zolakwa zomwe tatchula pamwambazi kumapangitsa kuti kuchepetseratu kwa zokolola, kukhale kotheka - kuti ntchito yobzala ndi kukonza munda wamphesa iyenera kuchitidwa mwatsopano.
Mukudziwa? Mzinda wa Maribor mumzinda wa Slovenia muli munda wamphesa womwe uli ndi zaka 400 zomwe zimapatsa zipatso.
Kudula mphesa ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha chikhalidwe. Mtundu wa njirayi udzadalira pa zokolola za chaka chotsatira.
Ndemanga kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti
