Pakati pa bowa chakupha, mwinamwake, zofukizazo zimaonedwa kuti ndizoopsa kwambiri. Mitundu yakupha yakupha ndi yodetsedwa ndi ya mtundu uwu, koma zotsirizirazo sizikhala zofala kwambiri. Amanitas atchula dzina lawo pogwiritsira ntchito bowa wofiira toadstool ngati njira yochotsera ntchentche. Malingaliro ofanana a tizilombo amakhalansopo kwa mamembala wina wa Amanita (Amanita) - bowa la pantherin (Amanita pantherina). Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane mtundu wa bowa umene uli.
Kodi ndi bowa liti?
Mofanana ndi bowa zambiri za mtundu uwu, bowa la panther ndi loopsa komanso lili ndi poizoni monga muscarine, muscaridin, ibotenic acid, bufotenin ndi zina zotchedwa alkaloids. Gulu lotsatira la mankhwala opweteka amavomerezedwa ndi scopolamine ndi hyoscyamine, zomwe zimakhala ndi zomera zina zoopsa (henbane, dope, ndi zina).
Mu bokosi la Panthera, mitsempha ya poizoni ndi hallucinogenic ndi yapamwamba kwambiri kuposa yomwe imakhala yofiira ndipo, motero, kuthekera kwa zotsatira zakupha pamene kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kumakhalanso kokwera. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti anthu okalamba omwe ali ndi thanzi la poizoni ndizochepa, koma zingakhale zoopsa kwa ana.
Komabe, ngakhale mankhwala oopsa, mankhwala ena amatha kugwiritsa ntchito bowawa kuti azionetsetsa kuti maselo amatha. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe akuphatikizidwa, akuphatikizidwa. Koma mankhwala ambiri amtundu amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito amanita wofiira wochepa, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwirizana ndi tizilombo. 
Mukudziwa? Panthers imauluka agaric ndi entheogen ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu ena mu macanic zochita kuti athandize kukonza. Malinga ndi nthano, bowa izi zinaperekedwa kwa asilikali asanamenyane, monga momwe ntchito yawo maola awiri oyambirira amachititsa nkhanza ndi mantha, kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya minofu. Pambuyo pake, kubwezeredwa kunkawoneka - kukumbidwa, ndipo nthawi zina kutaya chidziwitso, kuphweteka, ngakhale imfa.
Kodi ndi ntchentche yotani ya agaric ikuwoneka ngati: ndondomeko yowonjezera
Izi ndi bowa. Mu bowa laling'ono, thupi la zipatso limatetezedwa ndi chipolopolo, chomwe chimatchedwa chophimba. Mtsuko wake umasungidwa pa kapuyo ndi zotchinga zotha kuchoka, mwa mawonekedwe a mphete ndi kolala pamlendo.
Hat
Chophimba chofewa cha bowa ichi nthawi zambiri chimakhala chobiriwira mu mtundu, koma chingakhale ndi maimvi kapena imvi. Ili ndi miyala yofiira yofiira yomwe ingathe kugawanika mosavuta. Nthawi zina mabala amtunduwu amakhala pamphepete mwa kapu - zotsalira za katatu. 
Poyamba, kapu imakhala ndi maonekedwe, omwe nthawi yake imamveka ndipo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe, mzere woonda kwambiri umakhala woonekera. M'lifupi mwake ndi kuyambira 4 mpaka 12 masentimita.
Onetsetsani kuti nkhumba zimathandiza kwambiri.
Pulp
Thupi ndi loyera, silinasinthe mtundu wake mumlengalenga pakutha pande. Ndizovuta kwambiri komanso madzi, ali ndi fungo losasangalatsa. Anthu ena amapeza fungo ili lofanana ndi radish. Zimakonda zokoma, koma bowa sichiyenera kuyesedwa ngakhale.
Zolemba
Mbale pansi pa kapu ya mtundu woyera nthawi zambiri imapezeka, mpaka kumapeto kwa bowa. Bowa zakale zikhoza kukhala ndi mdima. Ma mbale sagwirizana ndi tsinde la bowa. 
Mwendo
Amakula kuchokera masentimita 4 mpaka 12 mu msinkhu, ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 1-1.5. Imeneyi imapinda kumtunda, ndipo pansi pamakhala ndi chifuwa chachikulu chokhala ndi tuber.
Kuti muteteze ku poizoni woopsa, tikupempha kuwerenga za momwe mungasiyanitse bowa zomwe zimapezeka kuchokera kwa abodza, komanso bowa ndi owopsa.
Chovala chozunguliza mwendo ndi chopyapyala komanso chophwanyidwa, koma nthawizonse sichimaoneka, chifukwa chimatha ndi nthawi. Koma zotsalira za coverlet (Volvo) zimapezeka pansi pa mwendo. Volvo yamtundu wambiri yokhala ndi kolala imamera pansi pa mwendo ndipo ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha bowa uwu.
Spore ufa ndi spores
Mpweya wa spore ndi woyera. The spores themselves ali mu mawonekedwe a ellipse ndipo ali pafupifupi 11x7.5 microns mu kukula. 
Mitundu yofanana
Pambuyo pa Mushroom wa Panther akhoza kukula bowa ngati ofanana. Amenewa ndi amodzi omwe ali nawo - amadzimadzi am'madzi-amanita amphongo komanso amadzimadzi, koma osati amanyowa amanita.
Mukudziwa? Bowa owopsa kwambiri komanso owopsa padziko lapansi - grebe wotumbululuka, amakhalanso ndi mtundu wa Amanita. Ali ndi ziphe zakupha zomwe zimayambitsa chiwindi ndipo sizikhoza kudziwonetsera okha mwamsanga. Zizindikiro zoyamba za poyizoni zikhoza kuoneka patangopita masiku awiri okha kudya kwa poizoni m'thupi.
Zakudya za bowa zoyera-pinki
Maluwa achimita amanita amadziwikanso ndi mayina ena - amanita a pinki, ofiira ndi a peyala. Amamera mumtambo wa coniferous, deciduous and mixed, nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi mapaini kapena birches kuyambira kasupe mpaka mochedwa autumn. Zimakula zonse zokha komanso magulu. 
Hat amatha kutalika kwa masentimita 6 mpaka 20. Muzojambula zazing'ono, poyamba zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a dzira, koma pamene zikukula zimakhala zosalala popanda kutchulidwa. Mtundu wa khungu umasiyanasiyana kuchoka ku grayish-pinki kuti ukhale wofiira-bulauni, ndi kovuta pang'ono ndi kowala.
Pulp zoyera, zinyama, zonunkhira, zokoma. Zolakwitsa zimakhala zowonongeka pakapita nthawi komanso phokoso lakuda limakhala mtundu wa pinki wakuda.
Popanda zoopsa, mungathe kudya bowa monga nkhumba, boletus, russula, volushki, chanterelles, boletus, greenfinchs, bokosi la aspen, bowa wakuda ndi aspen, nyemba podgruzdki, zobirira zam'madzi, parsley, mapepala, ndi uchi.
Zolemba zoyera, zowonjezereka, ndipo zikamapanikizika zimakhala zofiira ndipo zimakhala zobiriwira, monga thupi lina.
Mwendo 1.5-3 masentimita awiri, ndi masentimita 3-6 mu msinkhu, nthawi zina amakula mpaka masentimita 20, pinki yotumbululuka kapena yotumbululuka. Poyambirira maziko okhazikika, koma m'kupita kwanthawi imakhala yopanda pake. Pamunsi pali mtundu wowonjezera umene umakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo. 
Zotsalira za kabedizi zimapanga mphete, yoyamba yoyera, koma kenako imatembenuka. Pamwamba pa izi zotsalira za nsalu zikupezeka grooves. Volvo imatchulidwa pang'ono ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe a mphete imodzi kapena iwiri pamunsi mwa mwendo. Pa chipewa pali ziphuphu mu mawonekedwe a zidutswa za zingwe zofiira kapena zofiira.
Kutsutsana amyloid, oval, kukula kwa 8.5 × 6.5 microns.
Inedible wakuda ntchentche agaric
Bowa uwu umakula pafupi ndi mitengo ya coniferous, koma imapezeka mwazidzidzidzi.
Zingakhale zothandiza kuti muwerenge momwe mungayang'anire bowa kuti mukhale ovomerezeka ndi njira zambiri.Hat fungasi iyi imakhala yofiira 6 mpaka 15 masentimita ndipo ili ndi mtundu wa brownish kapena gray gray, wandiweyani pakati. Amakhala ndi masikelo oyera, omwe amachotsedwa mosavuta. Chophimbacho chimadziwonetsera patapita nthawi, monga bowa la panther, koma m'mphepete mwace muli mawonekedwe osakanikirana, osasunthika.
Pulp zoyera ndi zosapsa. Nthawi zina bowa aang'ono amakhala ndi fungo lazing'ono, pomwe okalamba amakhala ndi fungo losavuta. 
Zolemba yoyera, kawirikawiri, kukula kwa mwendo wa bowa. Pakati pa mbale ziwiri zilipo zing'onozing'ono mbale.
Mwendo Ili ndi lalikulu, 5-15 masentimita pamwamba ndipo 1.5-3 masentimita lonse, loyera kapena lofiira mtundu. Kumtunda kuli mphete, pamwamba pake yomwe ili ndi mipiringidzo yaitali, ikuchokera ku mbale. Pansi pa mpheteyi mulibe zofanana, zovuta. Pansipa pali kuphulika, osati nthawi zonse, ndi mabotolo kuchokera pachivundikiro chonsecho.
Spore powder zoyera, spores okha ndi ovalirali 7.5-11 × 5.5-8 microns.
Kumene amanitas amtundu akukula
Malo otchuka a bokosi la panther ali m'madera ozizira a continental a Northern Hemisphere. Mafangayi owopsa amapezeka m'mapiri ndi m'minda yamapiri yomwe imakhala ndi mitengo ya coniferous, kawirikawiri pakati pa mapaini.
Tikukulangizani kuti mudziwe zozizwitsa za pickling, salting ndi kuzizira kwa bowa.M'mapiri otentha a bowa wotere amapezeka kawirikawiri. Amakonda nthaka yamchere. Moyo umayenda kuyambira July mpaka kumapeto kwa September. Zimagwirizana bwino ndi bowa zina, osati poizoni okha, komanso kudya.
Zizindikiro zoyamba za poizoni
Makope ang'onoang'ono a bowa uwu akhoza kutengedwa ngati chakudya. Choncho, bowa woopsa amatha kulowa mumsangamsanga. Zizindikiro zoyamba za poizoni zikuwoneka mkati mwa maola awiri, nthawizina mkati mwa maminiti makumi awiri.
Zizindikiro za poizoni ndi izi:
- kutentha kumatuluka;
- Pali kumverera kwa kuuma kwa mucous nembanemba;
- kunyoza ndi kusanza, komanso kutsegula m'mimba;
- zovuta kumeza;
- maonekedwe a tachycardia;
- pali kufalikira kwa ophunzira;
- ali ndi poizoni oopsa, malingaliro, chikhalidwe chokwanira, kuwonjezereka kwa maganizo, kusinthasintha kwapadera kwa minofu kuonekera.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati zizindikiro zapamwamba za poizoni zikuwonekera, muyenera kutchula ambulansi mwamsanga ndikufotokozera kuti chifukwa cha poizoni ndi bowa. Izi ndizofunika kuti dokotala adziwe mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Izi kawirikawiri zimakhala atropine.
Momwe mungapereke thandizo loyamba
Ndikofunika kuti achibale oyandikana nawo, abwenzi ndi anthu omwe amadziwana nawo athe kupereka chithandizo choyamba kwa wodwala, yemwe amachitidwa poizoni ndi amanita, asanafike ambulansi.
Kuti muchite izi, chitani izi:
- chitani chapamimba chowawa. Pa njirayi, wodwalayo amapatsidwa njira yofooka ya manganese kapena soda pafupifupi 500-700 ml;
- Ngati palibe kusanza, yesetsani kuyambitsa gag reflex - pirani supuni ya supuni pamwamba pa mmero. Njirayi imapangitsa kuchotsa poizoni kuchokera m'thupi, zomwe zinalibe nthawi yolowamo magazi;
- kuti athetse madzi omwe akumwa madzi, mkaka ndi uchi, ukhoza kukhala ndi mphamvu ya khofi kapena tiyi;
- pamaso pa asing'anga, onetsetsani kuti mupereka kwa wodwalayo. Choncho, mpweya wotsegulidwa pamtengowu umatengedwa pamtanda wa 1 piritsi pa 10 kg ya wolemera wolemera. Ngati kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi makilogalamu 60, ndiye kuti mukufunikira, piritsi, mapiritsi 6. Izi zidzathandiza kuthetsa kuledzera kwa thupi;
- poizoni ndi bowa ili limakhudza mtima, kotero wodwalayo akuwonetsedwa mpumulo wa mphasa ndikupumula.
Video: chochita chiyani poizoni wa bowa
Ndikofunikira! Thandizo losayembekezereka kapena lolakwika la poizoni ndi bowa la panther lingayambitse matenda osokoneza ubongo kapena chiwindi cha shuga.
Pofuna kupewa poizoni, yesetsani kudya bowa osadziwika, makamaka ngati simukuwamvetsa. The panther imauluka agaric ndi bowa woopsa kwambiri komanso hallucinogen; ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yotsutsa tizilombo.
Mankhwala amtunduwu samagwiritsa ntchito, akusankha bowa wofiira. Ngakhale kuti poizoni wakupha ndizosawerengeka, osankha bowa ayenera kupewa.
