Kodi bowa amakula bwanji ku Bashkiria: chithunzi ndi mayina

M'dera lililonse, pali bowa wodyetsedwa komanso wowopsa, omwe ayenera kudziwika kwa olemba ndi omwe amayamba kumene.

Talingalirani mitundu yayikulu ya bowa zodyedwa ndi zosadulidwa za Bashkortostan, timapereka ndemanga yeniyeni, komanso timanena za ntchito yophika.

Bowa Chodyera

Ganizirani makhalidwe ndi kufotokoza mitundu yonse ya bowa zomwe zimapezeka ku Bashkiria.

Bowa wonyezimira

Bowa ndi wa mtundu wa Borovik, banja la Boletov.

Maina ena: boletus, woyera, wojambula, wachikasu, kovyl, ng'ombe, chimbalangondo.

Ndikofunikira! M'madera amenewa kumene nkhuku zoyera sizichitika, dzina lake ndi boletus ndi oyster mushroom steppe.

Maonekedwe

Hat m'mimba mwake akhoza kufika masentimita 60, koma kukula kwake ndi masentimita 15-20. Mu bowa wachinyamata ndi masentimita 7. Momwemo mawonekedwe ake ndi ofewetsa, pamwamba pake ndi ofewa, ndipo akhoza kuphwanyika pang'ono. Pakakhala mvula, kapu imatha. Mtundu umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku bulauni mpaka woyera. Chophimba chapamwamba cha kapu sichinafanane ndi zamkati.

Pulp chakudya chambiri. Ndili ndi zaka zambiri zimayamba kutembenukira chikasu, kotero mtundu umasiyana ndi woyera mpaka mdima wandiweyani. Pambuyo pa kukhudzana ndi mpweya, kawirikawiri kamasintha mtundu (umakhala wofiira kapena bluish). Fungo ndi lofooka kwambiri, kukoma kuli kosangalatsa.

Mwendo imatha kutalika kwa 25 cm, cylindrical kapena chiboliboli chokhala ndi kapangidwe ka kapu. Zithunzi zosiyana ndi zofiira, koma zingakhale zoyera. Mtundu umakhala wowala kuposa chipewa.

Mndandanda wamdima (imanyamula spores) kuwala kapena yoyera, mosavuta yosiyana ndi kapu. Bowa okalamba akhoza kukhala ndi timitengo tobiriwira kapena zobiriwira.

Zotsalira za mabulangete ochokera ku bowa zoyera zilibe.

Phunzirani za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bowa woyera, zopindulitsa za bowa zoyera, zomwe bowa wonyezimira amaoneka ngati.

Nkhumba zoyera zimakula kumayiko onse, kupatula mitengo ndi Australia. Amadziwika ndi mapangidwe a mycorrhiza (symbiosis) ndi mitengo yowonongeka kapena yotchedwa coniferous, choncho sichipezeka m'madera otentha. Amakonda nkhalango zomwe pansi pake zimakhala ndi moss kapena bodza.

Thupi la chipatso silipanga ngati pali madontho akuluakulu a usana kapena usiku. Bowa sichikondanso kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, choncho nthawi zambiri chimakula pafupi ndi matupi a madzi.

Ndikofunikira! Borovik sichipezeka m'nkhalango zazing'ono.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Popeza matupi a zipatso samapanga nthawi zonse, koma ndi "mafunde," amabwera ku msonkhano woyamba pakati pa June. Nthawi yachiwiri ndikumapeto kwa July. Nthawi yachitatu ndikumapeto kwa September, pamene masamba akugwa kuchokera ku mitengo.

Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, m'nkhalango zamapiri, bowa amakololedwa mu August, pamene mycelium imabala zipatso zambiri.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Popeza bowawu ali ndi fungo lokoma kwambiri pambuyo powuma, nthawi zambiri imakololedwa m'nyengo yozizira. Dothi limapangidwa kuchokera ku zowuma, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podzikongoletsera mbale ndi kupanga kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zokoma.

Boletus sichimafuna chithandizo chamatentha chisanayambe, kotero ku Ulaya idyetsedwa mwatsopano, kuwonjezera pa saladi osiyanasiyana. M'mayiko a CIS, ndi mwambo kuphika msuzi ndi bowa la porcini, mwachangu ndi mbatata, komanso kupanga zakudya zosiyanasiyana.

Dzidziwitse nokha ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zokolola bowa zoyera m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo phunzirani momwe mungayankhire bowa zoyera.

Bowa wonyezimira ukhoza kuswedwa kapena kuzifota ndi kuwonjezera kwake. Izi ndi bowa wodalirika womwe umagwirizana ndi mbale iliyonse, komanso imapangitsa kuti chakudya chikhale chofunika kwambiri.

Wolf

Ndilo Mlechnik, banja la Syréegek. Pali mafunde oyera ndi pinki. Njira yoyamba imasiyanasiyana ndi yachiwiri muzochepa zazikulu komanso zoyera. Mitundu yonse iwiri idya.

Maina ena: Volzhanka, wave, rubella.

Maonekedwe

Kulemera kwake kwa kapu kumachokera pa 4 mpaka 12 masentimita, komabe, kukula kwakukulu ndi kosavuta kwambiri. Lili ndi chizindikiro chachinsinsi pakati, chomwe chikudutsa mopita kumphepete mwachindunji. Nkhumba zachinyama zimasintha, zakale - zogona.

Pamwamba pamakhala ndi villi ang'onoang'ono, komanso mdima wandiweyani. Ili ndi mtundu wowala kapena wakuda pinki. Ngati mumakhudza kapu, imayamba kudima.

Pulp wandiweyani, woyera. Kumalo otsekemera, madzi okongola a mtundu woyera amaonekera, omwe ali ndi chidwi chakuthwa. Fungo ili losangalatsa kapena losalowerera ndale.

Kutalika miyendo kuyambira 3 mpaka 6 cm, woonda, wamphamvu, wolimba. Ili ndi pinki yofiira kapena yofiira.

Zolemba yoyera, kawirikawiri, yopapatiza.

Malo osakaza

Amapezeka kumpoto kwa malo ozizira. Volnushka ndi wamba mu birch ndi madera osakanikirana. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, mycorrhiza imangokhala ndi mitengo yakale, choncho sizimachitika pa achinyamata plantings.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Mitengo ya zipatso imapangidwa kuchokera kumapeto kwa June mpaka October, koma pali mafunde awiri omwe mungathe kusonkhanitsa nambala ya bowa. Mafunde oyambirira ndi masabata omaliza a mwezi wa July. Lachiwiri ndikumapeto kwa August ndi masabata awiri oyambirira a September.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Volnushka ndi bowa wokhala ndi zakudya zokhazokha, choncho zimafuna kuti muyambe kutsuka mumadzi amchere ndi kuchizira. Kukolola bowa ndi blanched, ndipo pitirizani kuphika. Kuzunguliza kumatenga pafupifupi mphindi 15-20.

Volnushku kawirikawiri imasakanizidwa kapena mchere, koma mungagwiritse ntchito bowawu ndikuphika supu. Zingakhale zokazinga kapena zowonjezedwa ku sauces. Bowa sagwedezeka ndipo sagwera, zomwe zimakulolani kukongoletsa mbale ndi izo.

Volnushka sinaume, chifukwa panthawiyi sichichotsa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse poizoni kapena kudzikweza.

Boma lenileni

Ndilo Mlechnik, banja la Syrmejka. Bowa weniweni ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe oyera, kotero kuti odziwa bowa okhawo amatha kuwasiyanitsa.

Werengani malongosoledwe a mtundu wa bowa, fufuzani momwe aspen, wakuda mabulosi akuda amawonekera ndi kumene zikukula, ndi bowa uti, momwe mungakonzekerere bowa m'nyengo yozizira.

Maina ena: white gruzd, raw gruzd, pravsky gruzd.

Maonekedwe

Kulemera kwake kwa kapu kumachokera ku masentimita 5 mpaka 20. Dense, flat-convex, m'mphepete mwa mpiru. Pakatikati mwa kapu pali khalidwe lakumbuyo. Zophimbidwa ndi kamasi, kawirikawiri zimatha kuzindikira dothi kapena masamba. Mtundu ndi woyera kapena wachikasu.

Ndikofunikira! Ziphungu zakale pa kapu zingawoneke mdima.

Mwendo pafupifupi 5 cm kutalika, wokhuthala, utoto woyera kapena wachikasu. Pamwamba, mungapeze mawanga osabisa kapena zochepa. Mkati mwa mwendo mulibe dzenje.

Pulp wandiweyani, woyera, ali ndi fungo lolimba. Mukamathyola, madzi okongola a mtundu woyera amamasulidwa, omwe ali osasangalatsa kwambiri. Mutalumikizana ndi mpweya, madzi amayamba kutembenukira chikasu.

Zolemba khala ndi chikasu chachikasu, chokwanira. Mikangano ndi yachikasu.

Malo osakaza

Amagawanika m'madera akummwera a nyengo ya nyengo yozizira. Amalowa mumtengowo ndi mtengo wa birch, choncho amapezeka m'madera omwe mitengoyi imakula. Imafuna mitengo yakale, siimakula pafupi ndi ana.

Bowa amakonda mchenga ndi mchenga, komanso mvula yambiri. Fufuzani kuti ziyenera kukhala m'malo othunzi, pansi pa tsamba kapena conifer malonda.

Zimakhala zobvuta kukwiya, koma ngati mwawona bowa limodzi, zikutanthauza kuti mungapeze "abale" pafupi, chifukwa mtundu uwu umakula m'magulu okhaokha.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Thupi la chipatso limapangidwa kutentha kwa + 8-10 ° C, choncho, m'dera lililonse zipatso nthawi zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira mu July ndi kutha mu September, pamene kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumawongolera kumalo ovomerezeka.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Bowa wamtundu uwu umatchedwanso kuti ndibwino kudya moyenera m'dziko lathu, koma m'mayiko a ku Ulaya amawerengedwa ngati zakudya zosayenera kapena zosavomerezeka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti musanaphike ayenera kuthira mchere wothira mchere, ndiye wiritsani ndi madzi otsatirako.

Zaka mazana angapo zapitazo, mkaka wa milkfish unkaonedwa kuti ndi bowa wokhawokha womwe umatha salting, chifukwa uli ndi thupi lakuda. Ndicho chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amathiridwa mchere kapena kuzifota, pogwiritsa ntchito mbiya zamng'oma (zokhudzana ndi mabuku akuluakulu).

Pambuyo pachitetezo, bowa amatha kuwedwa, yokazinga, kuwonjezera ku supu kapena saladi. Chomerachi chimakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri (mpaka 32% pa nkhani yowuma), kotero iwo akhoza kutenga nyama kapena nsomba.

Monga momwe zilili ndi bowa wina wodalirika, gruel weniweni sichimawuma.

Dubovik maolivi bulauni

Bowa wodyera, womwe uli m'banja la Boletov, mtundu wa Borovik.

Maina ena: dubovik, subad, kuvulaza, kumavulaza bulauni. M'madera ena, mtundu uwu ukhoza kudziwika ndi apo.

Maonekedwe

Hat m'mimba mwake kuchokera pa 5 mpaka 20 masentimita. Mu bowa wachinyamata ndi hemispherical, mu zakale izo ziri pafupi. Khungu ndi lopaka mtundu wa azitona, chifukwa chake mtunduwo umatchedwa dzina lake. Mtundu umasintha pa mapangidwe a thupi la zipatso.

Pamwamba pa kapu ndivelvety. Mutatha kukhudzana, mawanga akudawoneka. Kuwonjezeka kwa chinyezi, chimakhala ndi mavu.

Pulp mtundu wachikasu, wandiweyani. Kuyanjana ndi mpweya kumasintha mtundu kangapo. Choyamba chimakhala chobiriwira, kenako chimakhala chofiira. Alibe fungo, kukoma sikukuthwa.

Mwendo ali ndi kutalika kwa 6-15 cm, wokhuthala, wandiweyani. Maonekedwe akufanana ndi mace, tapers kumutu. Ojambula mu mdima wonyezimira kapena mdima wonyezimira, nthawi zonse kuwala kuposa kapu. Pali mawonekedwe a matope.

Mndandanda wamdima mu bowa wachinyamata umakhala wachikasu, m'kalemba amajambulidwa mumtambo wobiriwira. Pakati pa zamkati ndi mndandanda wa tubular pali zowonjezera zowonjezera, zomwe zimawoneka pokhapokha.

Mukudziwa? Mankhwala a antibiotic amachokera ku bowa ichi, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala amtundu.

Malo osakaza

Kufalikira kudera lonse lotentha. Kumpoto ndi kosavuta, chifukwa imakonda nyengo yofunda. Amalowetsa mchere ndi oak ndi beech, mobwerezabwereza ndi birch, choncho amapezeka m'nkhalango zonse zovuta komanso zosakanikirana. Mu gawo la steppe silimakula.

Pokhapokha m'pofunika kuwonetsera zofunikira za nthaka. Dubovik amakonda nthaka yamchere, choncho siimakula pa gawo lapansi la asidi, ngakhale zikhale zabwino. Zimapezeka pafupi ndi madambo.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Mitengo ya zipatso imapangidwa kuyambira May mpaka September, koma bowa kwambiri akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa mu August. Mitundu ya zipatso imapangidwa m'magulu komanso payekha, kusankha malo owunikira bwino.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Momwemo ndi bowa wodyera, womwe umayenera kuphikidwa poyamba ndi madzi. Pambuyo pa kukonza koyamba, mungathe mwachangu, wiritsani, simmer, mchere, pickle, ndi youma. Ndimadzaza bwino kwambiri ma pie, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga malo m'malo mwa zakudya zambiri, chifukwa ali ndi zakudya zabwino.

Ndikofunikira! Simungagwiritse ntchito dubovik ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa.

Umbrella ndi wokongola

Ndi a m'banja la Champignon, mtundu wa Macrolepiota. Mitundu imeneyi ndi "mtundu" wa champagne, ngakhale kuti imawoneka ngati bowa woopsa.

Maina ena: ambulera ya mushroom, ambulera, drumstick.

Maonekedwe

Chipewacho chili ndi masentimita 25-35. Mu bowa wachinyamata amafanana ndi dzira lalikulu, m'zakale ndi ambulera yokha. Pamwamba pamakhala imvi, pali mdima wakuda umene sugawanika pamtunda. Pakati pa kapu pali mdima wandiweyani. Khungu ndi fibrous.

Pulp osati minofu, yosasunthika, yofiira yoyera. Mu bowa wakale, zamkati ndi zowuma, zimakhala ndi mtundu wakuda. Kukumana ndi mpweya, mtundu sukusintha. Ali ndi fungo lochepa la bowa ndi kukoma komweko, amapereka mtedza.

Mwendo kutalika kuyambira 10 mpaka 30 masentimita, woonda, wopanda pake, ali ndi kuphulika m'munsi. Mtundu wochokera ku woyera woyera mpaka mdima wakuda (gradient). Zophimbidwa ndi mamba ang'onoang'ono. Pafupi mukhoza kuona mphete zowoneka bwino.

Ma mbale oyera, mfulu, mosavuta wosiyana ndi zamkati. Mu bowa wakale ankajambula mtundu wa beige kapena kirimu.

Pali mabasiketi omwe amasuntha momasuka pamlendo. Wonyezimira woyera, khala ndi mphiko.

Malo osakaza

Popeza ambulera yotchedwa motley imayimira saprotrophs (mycelium imadyetsa nkhuni zakufa kapena kufa), imapezeka m'minda yamatabwa yakale kumene sitingathe kukonza.

Bowa limasankha dothi la mchenga, komanso limasankha malo abwino. Sichimakula m'nkhalango zokha, komanso m'madera otseguka, komanso m'mabedi a maluwa ndi minda.

Zimakula m'dera lotentha. Amapezeka ku Ulaya ndi Asia, komanso ku South ndi North America, komanso ku Australia.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Anasonkhanitsidwa kuyambira June mpaka November. Pa "kusaka" kumapita mvula yambiri. Nkhumba zimakula zonse pokhapokha komanso m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Kawirikawiri, matupi a zipatso amapanga zochititsa chidwi, komanso mizere.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Bowa ndizodyanso, choncho sichifuna chithandizo chamankhwala. Komabe, mutatha kusonkhanitsa, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti muzimutsuka mwapang'onopang'ono katunduyo kuti muchotse mchenga. Mitundu yaing'ono ya zipatso imatha kupota, ndipo akuluakulu amatha kuzifota, kuwawa kapena kuwonjezera msuzi.

Zowawa bowa miyendo zouma, ndiyeno mupange ufa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokometsera pa maphunziro oyambirira ndi achiwiri, ali ndi fungo losangalatsa.

Maambulera amophika mofulumira kwambiri, kotero mungathe kupanga mazira opunduka kapena mazira otukumula. Pambuyo nthawi yozizira, matupi a zipatso amakhala "mphira", zomwe ziyenera kuwerengedwa.

Ndikofunikira! Musanaphike, onetsetsani kuti muchotse mamba.

Mbuzi

Ndilo mtundu wa Shrove, wa dzina lomwelo la banja la mafuta-mafuta. Mafangayi amatha kutchulidwa kuti mbale ya batala, osati mbuzi.

Maina ena: louter, mokhovik, mshornik.

Ndikofunikira! Musasokoneze dzina lina loti "Mokhovik" ndi mtundu wosiyana wa bowa.

Maonekedwe

Hat m'mimba mwake kuyambira 3 mpaka 12 cm, flat-convex, pillow. Zithunzi zofiira zofiirira zofiira ndi reddish tinge. Peel pamtambo wambiri umapangidwa ndi ntchentche, zovuta kupatukana ndi zamkati.

Pulp wandiweyani, zotanuka, mdima wakuda kapena mtundu wofiirira. Fungo ili lofooka kwambiri, pafupifupi kulikonse. Kukoma ndi kowawa pang'ono.

Mwendo kutalika kwake kuyambira masentimita 4 mpaka 10, kukula kwake kwawonekedwe, mu mawonekedwe kufanana ndi silinda ndi curvature pang'ono pamunsi. Zithunzi zofiirira. Mimba mwamphamvu.

Mndandanda wamdima Ophatikizidwa, ophimbidwa ndi pores, mawonekedwewa amafanana ndi chinkhupule. Ojambula wachikasu ndi bulauni kapena bulauni.

Malo osakaza

Amapezeka ku Ulaya ndi Asia kudera lonse lotentha. Amalumikizana ndi mtengo wa pine, mobwerezabwereza - ndi mitengo ina ya coniferous. Amakula pa nthaka yowonjezera yamchere. Mukhoza kupeza bowa wambiri pafupi ndi mathithi ndi minda.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Kozlyak anasonkhanitsa mvula itatha. Bowa amakula payekha komanso m'magulu akuluakulu. Mitengo ya zipatso imapanga kuchokera mu June mpaka October, komabe, ngati kulibe mphepo, fruiting imasinthidwa pafupi ndi nthawi yophukira.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Ngakhale bowa ndizodya, ayenera kuphika kwa mphindi pafupifupi 15 musanagwiritse ntchito. Pambuyo pake mukhoza kudya popanda chithandizo china cha kutentha.

Mbuzi ikhoza kuuma, kuphika, yokazinga, kuwonjezeredwa ku pickles. Popeza kuti mitundu imeneyi imakhudzidwa ndi majeremusi osiyanasiyana, matupi aang'ono omwe amawotchera matupi amagwiritsidwa ntchito poti azisamba, kumene mphutsi sizinafike "kukhazikika".

Chanterelle

Ndilo dzina lofanana ndi banja la Lysichkov.

Maina ena: cockerel, chanterelle weniweni.

Phunzirani za mankhwala a chanterelles, momwe mungasiyanitse chanterelle yonama, momwe mungasungire chanterelles m'nyengo yozizira.

Maonekedwe

Bowa ndi cappulmonary, choncho kapu ndi pedicle ndi chimodzi.

Hat m'mimba mwake kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 12 masentimita. Izi zimakhala chifukwa cha chanterelle yomwe ili ndi mapiri omwe amawunikira. Maonekedwe a kapu ndi concave-pansi, osasintha. Tsabola ndi lofiira lalanje.

Pa bowa wakale mdima wandiweyani wa mtundu wofiira wofiira ukhoza kukhala pansi. Pamwamba ndi yosalala, matte. Kusiyanitsa khungu ku zamkati n'kosatheka.

Pulp wandiweyani, wanyama, wolimba mu bowa wakale. Mtundu wodulidwa ndi woyera, koma kunja kumapangidwa ndi mtundu wa lalanje. Ili ndi fungo la bowa losweka. Zimasangalatsa. Mukakanikizika pang'ono mumdima.

Mwendo ili ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 4 mpaka 7, wandiweyani, wandiweyani, ali ndi mtundu wofanana ndi kapu, kapena kuwala pang'ono.

Mndandanda wamdima Zimakhala ndi mapepala akuluakulu, omwe amajambula ndi mtundu wa lalanje, amatsikira ku tsinde.

Ndikofunikira! Ichi chanterelle sichikukhudzidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa chitsimikizo chimakhala mu mpweya wambiri, zomwe zimawononga mazira ndi tizilombo.

Kuphatikizana ndi mitengo yowononga (spruce, pine, beech, thundu), motero, imapezeka muzitsamba zokhazokha komanso zowonongeka. Chanterelles ndizofala m'dera lonse lotentha. Sankhani malo okhala ndi chinyezi chapamwamba.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Chanterelles amasaka chanterelles mu June, ngati nyengo ikuda ndi kutentha. "Mafunde" otsatirawa akuwoneka kuchokera mu August mpaka Oktoba, koma ngati mvula isanagwa kwa nthawi yaitali, ndiye kuti kupeza matupi a zipatso zazing'ono kungakhale kovuta.

Bowa amabisala m'mabasi akugwa, udzu ndi mitsitsi, kotero amafewa mosavuta. Kukula magulu, bowa limodzi - zosawerengeka.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Chanterelles ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwa mtundu wina uliwonse, koma ndi bwino kudziwa kuti bowawu imatenga ma radionuclides yokha, kotero ngati dera lanu silili bwino ndi malo oundana ndi dzuwa, ndiye kuti si bwino kuchotsa nkhuku.

Chanterelles ikhoza kuphikidwa, kuwedzeredwa, kuphikidwa, kuzifota, zouma, mchere, ndi kuzizira. Iyi ndi bowa wodalirika yomwe imagwirizana ndi mbale iliyonse.

Maonekedwe a bowa amaphatikizapo mapuloteni ambiri, kotero angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa nyama. Komabe, m'poyenera kudziŵa kuti caloric yokhudzana ndi 100 g ya mankhwalayi ndi 19 kcal yokha, choncho phindu lalikulu la mankhwalawa lidzafunikanso kuti lidzakwaniridwe. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kalori, chanterelles imaphatikizidwa mu saladi kwa omwe amatsatira zakudya.

Madzi otentha

Mitundu ya bowa yomwe ili ndi dzina lomwelo, banja la Mokrukhovye.

Palibe maina ena omwe alipo.

Maonekedwe

Kulemera kwake kwa kapu ndi 4-5 masentimita. Wokonzeka kapena wathyathyathya ndi m'mphepete mwa mpiru. Khungu ndi pinki yofiira, yokutidwa ndi ntchentche. Mawanga amdima amwazikana padziko lonse lapansi. Zimadetsedwa pamene zakhudzidwa.

Pulp akhoza kukhala wachikasu kapena woyera. Pambuyo pa kukhudzana ndi mpweya umayamba kutembenuka.

Kutalika miyendo pafupifupi masentimita 8. Wopanda, wokhazikika, ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Msola uli woyera, utoto woyera. Matope a mtundu wa amber angapangidwe.

Pansi pa kapu muli osowa kwambiri zolembazomwe pamapeto pake zingakhale zofiira.

Malo osakaza

Mokruha imafalitsidwa kudera lonse lotentha la Eurasia ndi North America. Amapanga mycorrhiza ndi conifers, choncho sizimachitika m'nkhalango zakuda. Bowa amakonda kwambiri chinyezi. Zimakula pakati pa mosses ndi udzu wamtali, kotero zimakhala zovuta kuziwona.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa Mitundu ya zipatso imayamba kuchokera mu July mpaka October, limodzi ndi mycelium imodzi yopanga bowa pang'ono. Wethook ndi mitundu yosawerengeka, kotero ngakhale pamakhala nyengo yozizira, sizikutheka kuti zidzatheke kusonkhanitsa mabuku ambiri.

Mukudziwa? Chipewa cha bowa panthawi ya kukula chingadutse ngakhale chitsulo. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti kuthamanga (mkati) kukakamiza kumafika mlengalenga asanu ndi awiri. Kupsyinjika komweku kumapezeka m'matayala a galimoto.

Mokruhu amadziwika kuti ndi bowa wodyera mokwanira, kotero kuti palibe chithandizo choyendetsera polojekiti. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti kapu imadzaza ndi ntchentche, kusamba ndi kutuluka kwa khungu n'kofunikira kuti mupeze mankhwala okoma, okoma.

Bowa sumadya yaiwisi. Ngati mokruhu yonjezerani ku saladi, ndiye kuti musanayambe wiritsani kwa theka la ora. Kawirikawiri, bowa wamtundu uwu ndi mchere kapena marinated. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito monga zokongoletsera mbale zowonjezera. Malinga ndi iwo, mukhoza kupanga zokoma msuzi kapena msuzi.

Mokruha si oyenera kuyanika.

Mokhovik wobiriwira

Ndi a m'banja la Mokhovik, banja la Boletov.

Maina ena: sitovik, malaya amoto. Maonekedwe

Dera la kapu ndi la masentimita 3-10, koma mungapeze bowa lalikulu ndi kapu mpaka masentimita 16. Hat a bulauni, yodzikongoletsera, yoboola pakati ndi mapiri pang'ono. Pulp mtundu woyera. Kuyanjana ndi mpweya kungapangitse buluu pang'ono.

Mwendo ali ndi mawonekedwe a silinda, kutalika kwa masentimita 4 mpaka 10. Wofewa, ofewetsa, pamwamba pake amadzaza ndi manda wofiirira.

Mndandanda wamdima wothandizira, wachikasu ndi zokometsera zobiriwira. Kupsyinjika kwakukulu kungapangitse buluu.

Malo osakaza

Bowa uwu sali womangirizidwa ku nkhalango kapena kudera la steppe. Amapezeka kumadera otseguka komanso m'nkhalango. Mafomu mycorrhiza ndi mitengo iliyonse ya coniferous kapena deciduous. Mokhovik anagawira pafupifupi makontinenti onse, kuphatikizapo Australia. Amamera onse m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso pansi.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

N'zotheka kukatenga bowa kuyambira May mpaka Oktoba, komabe ziyenera kudziwika kuti matupi a zipatso samapanga nyengo yozizira kapena yozizira.

Mokhovikov amakula onse amodzi ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono. "Kukolola" kwakukulu kumatha kukolola pokhapokha pa nthaka yowonjezera bwino.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Mokhovik safuna chithandizo chamankhwala, kotero mukhoza kuchidya ngakhale yaiwisi, koma choyamba muyenera kuchotsa khungu pachikwama.

Mitunduyi imakhala yochepa kwambiri, pamene imayamba kuda. Zimasiyanitsa ndi kusungidwa bwino, choncho ndi mchere ndi kuzifota, chifukwa cha mabotolo omwe amapezeka omwe amasungidwa kwa zoposa chaka chimodzi.

Mitembo yatsopano imatha kuphika, yokazinga, yowonjezera, komanso imaphatikizidwanso ku salasi kapena saladi.

Ndikofunikira! Matumba akale amatha kupha poizoni kwambiri, kotero sangathe kusonkhanitsidwa. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni mkati mwa thupi la fruiting.

Chisa cha m'dzinja

Ndilo dzina lofanana, kuchokera ku banja la Fizalakriev.

Dzina lina: honeydew panopa.

Pezani zomwe bowa zodyedwa zimawoneka, momwe mungasiyanitse chithovu pellet ku bowa wamba.

Maonekedwe

Diameter zipewa 3-10 masentimita, ndi zosawerengeka kawirikawiri - 12-15 masentimita. Khungu ndi lofiirira kapena maolivi obiriwira. Mitundu yaing'ono ya zipatso imakhala ndi mamba ang'onoang'ono omwe amatha nthawi.

Pulp mtundu woyera. Nkhumba zazing'ono zimakhala zowirira ndipo m'malo mwake zimakhala zankhanza, zakubadwa zomwe zimakhala zochepa kwambiri. Fungo ndi lokoma, bowa.

Kutalika miyendo kuyambira 8 mpaka 10 masentimita, woonda, utoto wofiirira. Mphuno nthawi zonse imakhala yowala kuposa kapu. Mamba ang'onoang'ono omwe amatsuka mosavuta ndi mphepo amatha kuonekera.

LPs kumamatira ku peduncle, kawirikawiri, mu bowa la mtundu wautchire, m'zakale zofiira ndi pinki tinge.

Pali zotsalira za mapepala, omwe ali pansi pa bonnet. Chophimbacho chiri choyera ndi chikasu chachikasu, chojambula.

Ndikofunikira! Mtundu wa kapu ungasinthe malinga ndi mtengo umene uchiwu umasambira.

Pamaso pathu pali mtundu wa bowa wa parasitic omwe mycelium amapangidwa m'nkhalango za mtengo. Nthawi zambiri, zimatha kupweteka pa zomera za herbaceous, kuphatikizapo kulima. Nkhumba zimatha kumera pa mitengo yovunda ndi youma, motero ndi saprophytes.

Zimamera kokha m'nkhalango komanso m'nkhalango zam'mphepete mwa nkhalango za Northern Hemisphere. Pa nthawi yomweyi, amagawidwa kuchokera kumadera otsika kupita ku madera a polar. Amakonda chinyezi chakuda, komanso kusowa kwachitetezo kugwa. M'mapaki ndi malo okonzekera bwino ndi osowa kwambiri.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Zipatso kumapeto kwa August ndi mpaka woyamba chisanu. Zimakula m'mafunde, kufikira zitatu pa nyengo. Mitengo ya zipatso imapangidwira masiku 20, kenaka kupuma pang'ono.

Ngati nyengo imakhala yonyowa ndipo kutentha kwa mpweya kuli mkati + 10-15 ° C, ndiye kuti pafupifupi 150-200 makilogalamu a bowa amatha kusonkhanitsa kuchokera ku hekita limodzi. Zokwanira "zokolola" zimapezeka m'masabata oyambirira a September.

Mukudziwa? Mycelium imatuluka mumdima pafupi ndi dera la autumn. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, panthawi ya kusintha kwa mphambano, kumverera kwonyenga kumapangidwa kuti mycelium imayenda nthawi zonse. Kuwala koteroko sikukuwonetsedwa mu bowa wonyenga woopsa.

Ili ndi bowa lachilengedwe lonse lomwe liri loyenera kufumira, kuwira, kuyanika, salting, pickling.

Kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, bowa amatchedwa bowa wokhala ndi zakudya zokhazikika, monga matupi osamalidwa bwino omwe angabweretse chipatso angayambitse poizoni. M'nyumba zofalitsa bowa nthawizonse akhala akufotokozedwa ngati bowa wodyetsedwa bwino kukoma.

Zolemba zambiri

Mtundu wa bowa la spongy wa mtundu wa Leccinium, banja la Boletov.

Maina ena: Berezovik, Chernogolovik, obabok.

Maonekedwe

Diameter zipewa kuyambira masentimita 5 mpaka 14. Mu bowa wachinyamata amatha kufanana ndi mpira, mwa okhwima kwambiri akhoza kufanana ndi dome. Khungu likhoza kukhala la mtundu wosiyana: kuchokera kumtunda wofiira mpaka wofiira ndi wofiira tinge.

Pulp mtundu woyera. Pogwirizana ndi mpweya, mtundu sukusintha kapena umakhala wotumbululuka. Pali fungo lokoma la bowa.

Kutalika miyendo kuchokera masentimita 8 mpaka 15, wandiweyani, wandiweyani, mawonekedwe osindikizira ndi mawonekedwe ochepa pansi. Ojambula mu imvi, pali zochepa za mdima.

Mndandanda wamdima mu bowa wachinyamata ndi woyera, kenako imasanduka imvi. Zosanjikiza ndi zotanuka, zosavuta zosiyana ndi kapu.

Malo osakaza

Malingana ndi dzina, bowa uwu umagwirizana ndi mitengo ya birch, choncho imapezeka mu nkhalango zomwe mitengoyi imakula. Zingathe kupanga mycorrhiza ngakhale yokongola kapena yokongoletsera birch.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Nthawi yokolola imayamba mu May, pamene bowa yoyamba ikuwoneka. Mitengo ya zipatso imamwalira nthawi yoyamba ya chisanu, kotero kumapeto kwa September kusonkhanitsa kwaimitsidwa. Fufuzani magulu akuluakulu a boletus ayenera kukhala m'mapiri okongola omwe ali kutali kwambiri.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Bowa samagwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chamankhwala, komabe, ngati zokololazo zapangidwa padothi la mchenga, ndiye kuti matupi omwe amasonkhanitsa zipatso ayenera kuthiridwa m'madzi kwa maola angapo.

Boletus ndi bowa wodalirika, kotero ikhoza kukhala yokazinga, yophika, yophika, yophika, ndi yamchere. Ngati muli ndi zokolola zabwino, ndiye kuti mukhoza kuumitsa, koma mu mawonekedwewa bowa sizimasiyana mosiyanasiyana, koma ali ndi fungo labwino.

Nkhumba zimachepa mofulumira, choncho mwamsanga mutatha kukolola amafunika kuyeretsedwa ndi kuphika. Zophika zophika zingakhale mufiriji osapitirira maola 48.

Ndikofunikira! Bowa wobiriwira sungakhoze kuzizira, monga mapuloteni amatha ngakhale ngakhale kutentha. Izi zimabweretsa poizoni.

Sungani zofiira

Ndilo mtundu wa Obabok, banja la Boletov.

Maina ena: Aspen, bowa wofiira, krasyuk, mutu wamagazi.

Maonekedwe

Diameter zipewa kuyambira masentimita 4 mpaka 15. Mdziko la bowa laling'ono, zoboola pakati, zowonongeka pakati pa anthu okhwima. Tsabolayo imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yofiira ndi yalanje. Chophimba chapamwamba sichinafanane ndi kapu.

Pulp kwambiri minofu, wandiweyani komanso zotanuka. Mu matupi okhwima obala zipatso, ndi ocheperapo. Podula woyera, komabe, imatembenukira mwamsanga ndi buluu. Patatha maola angapo imatembenuka wakuda.

Kutalika miyendo kuyambira masentimita 5 mpaka 15, wakuda kwambiri, olimba. Pansi palizowonjezera. Tsinde ndi imvi ndi mamba ooneka bwino.

Dzidziwitse nokha ndi omwe akuyimira bowa la aspen, momwe mungasiyanitsire chakudya chofiira chodyera, momwe mungadziwitse kuti aspen.

Mndandanda wamdima zoyera, zosiyana ndi kapu. Bowa okalamba akhoza kukhala ndi hue wa azitona kapena wachikasu. Pamwamba ndi porous, mumdima kwambiri.

Malo osakaza

Mitundu ya bowa ya aspen imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa chakuti, mosiyana ndi "abale", mitundu yofiira imapanga mycorrhiza osati ndi aspen, komanso ndi mitengo ina yamtengo wapatali (poplar, beech, hornbeam, birch). Amakonda mitengo yachinyamata. M'mapiri a coniferous sapezeka.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Mitengo ya zipatso imapangidwa kuyambira June mpaka October.

Bowa amaoneka "mafunde" atatu:

• yoyamba ili mu sabata lotsiriza la June;
• yachiwiri - sabata 2-3 ya July;
• lachitatu - kuyambira masabata atatu a August kufikira kumapeto kwa September.

Mu October, bowa sichimabala zipatso, kotero, n'zotheka kukumana ndi matupi okhaokha, ndipo nthawi zambiri mumagulu ang'onoang'ono.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Apange ndi bowa wamtengo wapatali wa gulu lachiwiri. Zikhoza kuthira mchere, kuzifota, zouma, mchere, yokazinga kapena wophika. M'mayiko a CIS, mbali zonse za bowa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ku Western Europe, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa mwendo uli wolimba.

Ikani mmalo mwa nyama yambiri. Chifukwa chake, zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimaphika, zokazinga pamodzi ndi mbatata kapena masamba. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zakudya zabwino zimapulumutsidwa panthawi yowuma, choncho boletus ya malalanje imatengedwa kuti ndi bowa wabwino kwambiri kukolola m'nyengo yozizira.

Ginger weniweni

Ndizo za Mlechnik, banja la Syrmejka.

Maina ena: autumn flaxberry, pine flaxberry, bowa wothira ginger.

Maonekedwe

Diameter zipewa kuyambira masentimita 4 mpaka 18. Mu bowa aang'ono, mawonekedwewa ndi osowa, okhwima - amawonekedwe apansi, opangidwa ndi mapiko. Pakatikati mwa kapu ndi khalidwe lokhazikika. Tsamba ndi lalanje, pali mdima wambiri. Pamwamba ndi yosalala, yowala, pamtambo wautali umakhala wokonzeka.

Pulp Orange, wandiweyani, kukhudzana ndi mpweya umayamba kutembenuka.

Mwendo khungu, lakuda, molunjika, mkatikati, ali ndi mtundu womwewo monga kapu (nthawi zina, kuwala pang'ono). Kutalika kwa masentimita 3 mpaka 7 7. Nsonga zazing'ono zimadziwika pamwamba.

Zolemba woonda, lalanje, amasintha mtundu wobiriwira panthawi yovuta.

Pa kudula kwa zamkati pali lakuda lalanje madzi ofunika, omwe ali ndi kuwala kwa fruity. Kukoma ndi kosangalatsa.

Malo osakaza

Amagawanika m'nkhalango zowonongeka za m'madera otentha a Eurasia. Amakula makamaka m'magulu pansi pa pine kapena spruce. Zili zovuta kuzizindikira, monga bowa amatsukidwa ndi singano zakugwa kapena zobisika ndi moss.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Nkhumba zimaoneka kuyambira July mpaka October, koma kupweteka kwa maluwa kumachitika kumapeto kwa July ndi kumapeto kwa August. Mitundu yambiri ya zipatso imatuluka mu sabata yoyamba ya September.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Mtundu uwu ndi wa gulu loyamba. Nthawi zambiri bowa amathiridwa mafuta kapena amchere popanda mankhwala. Iwo amawonjezeredwa ku supu, sauces, saladi. Bowa si abwino kuyanika.

Wowonjezeka kwambiri

Bowa la mtundu womwewo, dzina lake Morel.

Dzina lina: zakudya zambiri.

Maonekedwe

Morel ali ndi zosiyana chipewa mawonekedwe ovoid-conical, omwe ali ndi mamita 3-6 masentimita ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 7. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wosiyana ndi chikasu chakuda kuti ukhale bulauni. Pamwamba pamakhala makwinya, odzaza ndi zakuya ndi osaya kwambiri, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osasintha. Chipewa chikufanana ndi siponji yaikulu.

Wakuda kapena wachikasu woonda zamkatiZimagwedezeka mosavuta. Fungo ilibe.

Mwendo chowongoka, chakuda, chapakati, kutalika kwa masentimita 3 mpaka 7. Mu bowa aang'ono amaoneka oyera, mu bowa okhwima amdima wonyezimira kapena wofiirira. Zolembazo ndi zochepa zazing'ono.

Spores zipse mu matumba a zipatso, omwe ali pamwamba pa bowa.

Malo osakaza

Amakhala m'madera otentha. Amapezeka ku Eurasia, Australia, North America. Mycelium imapanga matupi angapo a zipatso, choncho zimakhala zovuta kukumana ndi masango ambiri.

Amakula mumtambo wambiri komanso wothira mitengo. Amakonda nthaka yamchere, yomwe imakhala ndi laimu. Kuwonjezera apo, kuwala kumakhala ndi gawo lalikulu, kotero sikumakula m'matope osamva.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

M'nyengo yotentha, bowa amatha kumapeto kwa March, koma mozizira kwambiri, osati kale kuposa m'ma May. Zipatso mpaka pakati pa chilimwe. Ngati nyengo imakhala yofunda ndi yozizira, nthawi ya fruiting ingachedwe kufikira October.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Ndi bowa wokhala ndi moyo wokhazikika, womwewo wokha womwe suwopsa kwa anthu. Amafunikanso kutentha madzi amchere kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu. Zokonzeka kuyanika. Ngati zowonjezera zouma, ndiye kuti chithandizo cha kutentha sichifunika.

Zowonongeka zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku julie, zomwe ndi zokoma ku Western Europe. Bowa amatha kuwonjezeredwa ku supu, mwachangu, msuzi, pickle. Mwachizoloŵezi, amaperekedwa ndi nyama kapena nsomba monga gawo la msuzi.

Mukudziwa? Pali mitundu ina ya nyerere yomwe imayambitsa bowa pang'ono. Amadyetsa matupi a zipatso, popanda kutaya nthawi kuti azisaka tizilombo.

Polyporine motley

Mphuno ya m'kamwa, ya Polyporovye ya banja.

Maina ena: tinder, scattered, cleft, elm.

Maonekedwe

Hat ali ndi mawonekedwe a disk, asymmetric, m'mimba mwake mpaka masentimita 45. Mphepete mwagwera pansi. Khungu ndilojambula mthunzi wa chikasu ndi lalanje, pali puloteni, yomwe ndi yaing'ono yamdima.

Pulp zoyera Nkhumba zachinyamata ndi zofewa, zosavuta kuphweka. Mu chipatso chakale matupi "mphira", wandiweyani kwambiri. Ali ndi fungo losangalatsa.

Mwendo osadziwika. Ili ndi kutalika kwa 2 mpaka 10 masentimita ndi makulidwe okwana masentimita 4. Olemera kwambiri, opaka utoto wofiirira. Pansi pali bulauni.

Mndandanda wamdima mtundu wachikasu. Pali maselo akuluakulu.

Malo osakaza

Amapezeka kumalo ozizira ku Ulaya ndi Asia. Parasitic pa mitengo yofooka: onse akale ndi achinyamata. Mu nkhalango zotchedwa coniferous musamakula.

The polypore sikumangiriridwa pansi, choncho ndi kofunika kuti iye akhale ndi "wozunzidwa" - mtengo wofooka, umene bowa umachititsa maonekedwe a chikasu kapena choyera. Amatha kukula pamunda ndi kuika mitengo.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, kusonkhanitsa kungatheke kuyambira pakati pa masika kufikira kumapeto kwa September. M'madera ozizira tindergum amabala zipatso kasupe.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika

Polyporothora motley ndi bowa wokhala ndi zakudya zokhazikika, choncho, ayenera kuyambanso kuphika ndi madzi m'malo mwake. Matupi aang'ono a fruiting okha amakololedwa ndi kudyedwa, popeza akalewo si ovuta kwambiri, koma amachititsanso kuti poizoni azifooka. Zimachokera ku mfundo yakuti bowa wakale amafunika kuphika nthawi yayitali, ndipo mankhwala osakwanira amakhala oopsa.

Pambuyo pa chithandizo choyambirira cha kutentha, bowa akhoza kukazinga, yophika, mchere, kuzifutsa. Kuchokera pamenepo, perekani kudzaza kokoma kwa pies.

Ndikofunikira! Mwamsanga mukatha kusonkhanitsa bowa muyenera kumathamanga kwa maola 12, kusinthasintha madzi nthawi zonse.

Inedible, bowa chakupha

Taganizirani za bowa wamba woopsa, umene ngakhale pang'onopang'ono mayeso angawonongeke.

Chirabe chapafupi

Bowa woopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi, omwe ali ndi dzina lomwelo.

Mayina ena: zobiriwira zakuda, ntchentche zakupha ntchentche.

Maonekedwe

Diameter zipewa 5-15 masentimita. Mbali imapangidwa mu mtundu wa azitona. Mitundu yaing'ono ya zipatso imakhala yofanana ndi mazira, okhwima - wathyathyathya.

Pulp zofiira, zoyera. Pa kukhudzana ndi mtundu wa mpweya samasintha. Ili ndi fungo losasangalatsa.

Kutalika miyendo 8-15 masentimita, molunjika, mawonekedwe ozungulira. Pamunsi pali kuphulika, mu mawonekedwe ofanana ndi dzira.Mtundu ndi woyera, pali mtundu wooneka bwino wachikasu. Zolemba wofewa, woyera.

Sangalalani ufulu, woyera, pang'ono kumizidwa pansi. Kukwanira sikudutsa 6 cm.

Kufalikira

Nkhumba yamakono imakula pafupi ndi mitengo yomwe imapanga mycorrhiza. Mukhoza kumakomana naye pansi pa mtengo, thumba la beech. Amakonda nthaka yachonde, yotentha kwambiri, komanso malo otentha kwambiri.

Amapezeka m'madera otentha a Europe, Asia ndi North America. Mwezi wa August-Oktoba.

Chovala chobiriwira chachikasu

Bowa woopsa wochokera m'banja la Strofarievyh.

Palibe mayina ena.

Maonekedwe

Diameter zipewa kuchokera masentimita 2 mpaka 7. Fomuyi imakhala ngati belu, imakhala pansi pamabokosi akale. Peel-gray-yellow, pafupi ndi pakati pomwe pali bulauni.

Pulp ali ndi mtundu wachikasu. Pa kukhudzana ndi mpweya, mtundu sukusintha. Fungo losasangalatsa.

Mwendo yaitali komanso wochepa kwambiri, mpaka masentimita 10 m'litali. M'kati muli thumba, utoto wofiira.

LPs kumamatira ku tsinde, kawirikawiri, mdima wachikasu. Mu fungi zakale zikhale zofiirira.

Kufalikira

Bowa woopsawu amadyetsa nkhuni zakufa kapena zovunda, choncho ndizosowa kwambiri m'dera la steppe. Magulu akuluakulu amakula m'nkhalango zam'madzi. Kugawidwa mu malo otentha a Eurasia.

Matupi a zipatso amapezeka kumapeto kwa May, ndipo amathawa pa chisanu choyamba.

Ndikofunikira! Mthunzi wabodza umayambitsa kusanza kwa anthu, pambuyo pake pamataya chidziwitso.

Amanita wofiira

Mitundu ya nkhungu yomwe imapezeka kwambiri padziko lapansi, ya Amanitovye.

Dzina lina: Amanita.

Maonekedwe

Kukula kwausinkhu zipewa 10-12 masentimita. Mu bowa wachinyamata, kapu imakhala yozungulira, mukhwima ikufanana ndi diski. Nkhono za bowa zakale zimatha kukhala zovuta. Tsabola ndi lofiira ndi miyeso yayikulu yoyera.

Pulp yoyera, ili ndi fungo lokomoka.

Kutalika miyendo 10-14 masentimita. Mu bowa aang'ono amamasuka, ali okhwima. Ili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira omwe amakhala pansi (pansi). Zithunzi zojambulidwa.

Zolemba kukhutura, kirimu wachikuda.

Kumtunda kwa mwendo muli mphete yonyezimira yokhala ndi mapiri okwera.

Kufalikira

Ntchentche yofiira imamera pafupi ndi spruce kapena birch, chifukwa imapanga mycorrhiza ndi mitengo iyi. Amapezeka m'dera lotentha la Northern Hemisphere pa dothi losavuta.

Nkhumba zimakula kuchokera mu August mpaka October kuphatikizapo.

Woopsa

Banja la amushroom Ryadovkovye.

Maina ena: ryadovka tiger, ryadovka lebwe.

Maonekedwe

Hat Ili ndi mawonekedwe osalimba omwe amaoneka ngati belu. Mphindi wamtundu wa masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Khungu ndilopaka imvi. Nthawi zambiri, mumatha kuwona bowa ndi bluish tinge ya kapu. Mitsempha yambiri ya mdima wofiira wakuda uli pamwamba.

Pulp wandiweyani, wachikasu m'munsi mwa bowa, komanso pafupi ndi khungu - imvi. Fungo la ufa, monga bowa wodyetsedwa.

Avereji yautali miyendo 5-6 masentimita, wandiweyani, wosalala, woyera. Fomu ndi cylindrical ndi pang'ono thickening m'munsi.

Zolemba zoyera, zosawerengeka, zikuluzikulu, zikhoza kukhala ndi zokongoletsera zakuda kapena zachikasu.

Kufalikira

Mtundu wambiri wa bowa umene umapezeka kokha kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi ku malo otentha. Zimayambitsa mgwirizano ndi zomera zotchedwa coniferous, komabe zimapezeka m'nkhalango zosadziwika, koma kawirikawiri. Silingalekerere nthaka ya acidic.

Nthawi ya fruiting ndi August-October.

Malangizo othandiza

Ngati mupita "kusaka mwakachetechete", mwinamwake mudzafunikira malangizo athu:

1. Ngati simukudziwa kuti pali bowa wodyetsedwa pamaso panu, musati mutenge.
2. Zosonkhanitsazo zimachitika bwino m'mawa kwambiri. Ayenera kusuntha kuti dzuwa likhale kumbuyo kwake nthawi zonse. Izi zidzalola kuona bwino kwa malo omwe anafufuzidwa.
3. Ngati pali udzu wamtali m'nkhalango, ndiye kosavuta kuyang'ana bowa mothandizidwa ndi ndodo, yomwe pamapeto pake pali mkondo
4. Bowa onse ayenera kudulidwa ndi mwendo kuti awone ndi kuchotsa toadstool kapena bowa wina woopsa umene uli ndi mabotolo otsala
5. Mukasonkhanitsa bowa kuti muwumitse kapena kusunga, sankhani matupi akuluakulu a fruiting.
6. Musagwiritsire ntchito makina osungunuka kapena aluminium chifukwa chotola ndi kuika bowa.
7. Musatenge bowa zomwe siziyenera kupezeka m'deralo. Mwachitsanzo, malalanje a malalanje sangakulire m'nkhalango yamapine, motero, ikhoza kukhala "mnzanu" woopsa.
8. Sakani zomwe mumasonkhanitsa. Bowa wodyetsedwa samanyeka ndipo sasiya kuola. Komabe, izi sizili 100 peresenti yobweretsera matupi owopsa amtundu, monga ena a iwo salowerera ndale kapena fungo lokoma.

Kusankha zam'mimba ndi ntchito yosangalatsa, koma nthawi zonse kumbukirani kuti simungapange zolakwika pa nkhaniyi. Kumbukirani kuti mitundu yambiri ya bowa ikhoza kusintha mtundu chifukwa cha "kuyisitsa" kapena kukopa kwa zinthu zina.