Zitsamba wakuda currant angapezeke pafupifupi nyumba iliyonse ya chilimwe. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukoma kwa zipatso ndi mankhwala a mbewu. Chaka chilichonse, wamaluwa amakonda kwambiri zosiyanasiyana "Dachnitsa". Ndichifukwa chake izi, tidzamvetsa lero: tidzakhala tikudziŵa bwino momwe mafotokozedwewa ndi maonekedwe ake, komanso momwe zimakhalira ndikusamalira.
Kuswana
Zotsatira zake kudutsa mitundu "Mmera Blueberries" ndi "Bredthorp" Asayansi ochokera ku Research Institute of Horticultural Siberia adayambitsa mitundu yambiri yakuda yotchedwa "Dachnitsa". Olemba ake ndi Z. Zotov, T. Ogoltsova, L. Bayanova ndi S. Knyazev. Chikhalidwe chinalowa m'kaundula mu 2004 ngati chomera chofuna kulima m'madera a North-West ndi Volga-Vyatka. 
Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe
Chinsinsi cha kutchuka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kumachokera pazifukwa zambiri: zina mwa izo zingaphunzire kuchokera ku kufotokoza kwa zipatso ndi zitsamba za black currant "Dachnitsa".
Mukudziwa? Njira yokolola currants m'nyengo yozizira ndi yofunika kwambiri. Pofuna kusunga pafupifupi mavitamini ndi minerals onse omwe ali nawo, ndi bwino kufalitsa zipatso. Pang'ono pang'ono, koma zowonjezera zowonjezera zinthu zothandiza zimakhalabe zouma ndi nthaka pansi ndi shuga.
Shrub
"Mnyumba ya Chilimwe" ndi tchire, chosagwidwa, osati tchire, zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira nthawi zonse. Mphukira yazing'ono imakhala yobiriwira, yowala, ndipo alibe pubescence. Pambuyo pa chomeracho, mtundu wa mphukira umakhala wofiirira, iwo amawala pang'ono ndipo amakhalabe osaphimbidwa. Masamba a shrub awa ndi ochepa, asanu ndi asanu. Mapepala a pepalawa ndi obiriwira obiriwira ndi pang'ono. Pakati pa maluwa, chitsambacho chimakongoletsedwa ndi masamba osambira. 
Zipatso
Mtedzawu ndi waukulu kwambiri: kulemera kwa mabulosi amodzi kumatha kufika 5 g, ndipo pafupifupi iliyonse imalemera 2-3 g. Maonekedwe a chipatsocho ndi ozungulira, amakhala ndi khungu lofewa la mtundu wa buluu. Zipatso za "Dachnitsa" zosangalatsa kwambiri, ngakhale pakhungu sizowopsya, zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya black currant. Zosasinthasintha zamkati zimakhala zosakhwima kwambiri, ndipo kukoma kwake kumayesedwa pa 4.6 mfundo za 5. Ndiyeneranso kuzindikira kuti zipatsozo zimapatsidwa fungo lokoma.
Ndikofunikira! 100 g of currant zipatso m'kalasiyi muli 9.3% a shuga ndi 193 mg ya ascorbic asidi, pomwe tsiku lililonse vitamini C ya munthu wamkulu ndi 75-90 mg. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kudya ochepa ma currants, timakwaniritsa zofuna zathupi za ascorbic acid tsiku lonse.
Zina mwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana
Izi zosiyanasiyana za black currant zimatanthauza kukula msinkhu. Zipatso zokometsera zonunkhira zipsa mu June, zomwe zakhala zothandiza kale. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zilipo chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa "Dachnitsa".
Matenda ndi Kutsutsana ndi Tizilombo
Shrub imakhala yovuta kwambiri ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Iye sachita mantha ndi powdery mildew kapena impso mite, ndiko kuti, zomwe zimakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa wamaluwa ndi zovuta zowonjezera mitundu yina yakuda currant. 
Chilala kukana ndi chisanu kukana
Zitsamba zotsamba sizingalekerere kusowa kwa chinyontho ali wamng'ono. Koma zomera zokalamba zimalekerera kusowa kwa madzi, ndipo sizimakhudza zokolola ndi ubwino wa zipatso. Chikhalidwe china cha chikhalidwe ndi mkulu kukana otsika kutentha.
Ndikofunikira! Mafunde mpaka madigiri -32 "Dachnitsa" si oopsa. Koma chiopsezo chotaya mbeu kapena kuwonongeka kwa chitsamba chikhoza kuchitika ngati chisanu chikuchitika panthawi ya maluwa: Pankhani iyi, wamaluwa omwe akudziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuti azitulutsa zitsamba.
Nthawi yotulutsa ndi zokolola
Shrub imayamba kubereka zipatso Chaka cha 3 mutatha. "Malo okhala m'nyengo ya chilimwe" amadzidalira, koma ngati mukufuna kuti mbeuyo ikhale yolemera, muyenera kubzala 2-3 mitundu yina yakuda ya currant pa webusaitiyi, yomwe idzakhala ngati pollinator.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mbeu imapanga zofiira mu volume koma zolimba zokolola. Zaka zazaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu (8) zikuwerengedwa kuti ndizomwe zimapereka zipatso: nthawi imeneyo, pafupifupi 1.5 makilogalamu a currants amasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi. Ndipo ngati muli ndi minda yayikulu, mwachitsanzo, mu hekta 1, mukhoza kusonkhanitsa matani 9. 
Transportability
Poyesa kuyenda kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana pamlingo wa 5, "Dachnitsa" amayenera 4,2. Currant iyi sinalandire mlingo wapatali chifukwa chakuti kuti mutetezeko zipatso pamtunda wautali ndikofunikira kulingalira kukula kwake. Zipatso zowonjezera, mwatsoka, zimatuluka, ndipo ndizosatheka kutengeka.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Currant ili kukoma kwakukulu komanso zabwino kudya. Mafuta atsopano ndi okoma kwambiri ndipo amatha kusintha m'malo mwa chilimwe mchere wambiri wambiri. Komanso kuchokera ku chipatso cha "Dachnitsa" mungathe kuphika bwino kwambiri jams, marmalade, marshmallow ndi marmalade. Ndi bwino kukonzekera timadziti, zakumwa za zipatso, compotes, syrups, liqueurs ndi tinctures kuchokera ku zipatso zonunkhira komanso zowutsa mudyo, mukhoza kungokupera ndi shuga kapena kuzizira.
Kudziwa nokha ndi wakuda currant kukonzekera maphikidwe: currants pansi ndi shuga, kupanikizana, mphindi zisanu kupanikizana, tincture wa mowa wamphamvu, moonshine ndi mowa, vinyo.
Momwe mungasankhire mbande pamene mukugula
Nthaka nthawi zonse amalimbikitsa kuti mugule kuchokera kwa ogulitsa odalirika kapena m'masukulu apadera. Odziwa wamaluwa amalangiza kuti apereke zosangalatsa. 2 zaka mbande: izi ndi chifukwa chakuti zomera za msinkhu uno zidzakhazikika mwamsanga, ndipo simudzadikirira motalika kwa zitsamba za fruiting. 
Mizu imafuna kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane musanagule chitsamba chaching'ono: chiyenera kukhala ndi mizere 2-4 lignified ya bulauni-bulauni mtundu wa 15-20 masentimita, komanso kukhala woonda kwambiri, ulusi ngati, mizu yowala.
Ndikofunikira! Mulimonse mulibe mbande, yomwe mizu yake imajambulidwa mu bulauni-bulauni, mdima. Mtundu uwu umasonyeza kuti shrub yachinyamatayo imakhala yozizira, yowuma kwambiri, kapena yodwala matenda kapena tizilombo.
Mmera ukhoza kukhala ndi mphukira 1 kapena 2, kutalika kwake komwe kumakhala pakati pa 30-40 masentimita. Makungwa a chomera choyenera ayenera kukhala monochromatic ndi yowala.
Mavuto akukula
Choyamba, muyenera kusankha komwe shrub idzakulire: Izi ziyenera kukhala bwino ndi dzuwa. Kukula bwino kwa currant zosiyanasiyana "Dachnitsa" kunangokhala shading kuwala. Chofunika kwambiri ndicho kupezeka kwa mphepo ndi zojambula pamalowo.
Ndi bwino kubzala kuwala, kukhumba, asidi pang'ono ndi nthaka. Pankhaniyi, nthaka ikhoza kukhala yosauka, koma pakadali pano, kukonzekera kubzala ndi kuyambitsa zokongoletsera zakuthupi monga humus ndi kompositi. Kuyandikana kwa madzi pansi sikofunika. 
Nthawi ndi dongosolo lofika
Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kubzala currants kumapeto kwa September. Nthawiyi imatengedwa kuti ndi yabwino, popeza mbeuyo idzakhala ndi nthawi yokhazikika ndikuyendetsa kumalo atsopano nyengo isanafike.
Onaninso za njira zoberekera za black currant ndi teknoloji yobzala mu kugwa.
Mabowo obzala ayenera kukhala 50x50 masentimita ndi 30-40 masentimita. Mtunda pakati pa tchire uyenera kukhala mamita 1.5m. Mtunda womwewo uyenera kukhala pakati pa mizere. Pansi pa malo otsetsereka pamtunda padzakhala mtundu wosanjikiza wa humus kapena kompositi, 1 tsp. superphosphate ndi phulusa laling'ono, kenako amazaza dziko lapansi lakuda. Pambuyo pake, nyembazo zimayikidwa m'madzime, zimamwetsa mochulukira ndi kuzungulira nthaka pozungulira iwo, ndipo mphukira zimadulidwa kuti masamba 2-3 atsalike.
Video: chitsanzo chodzala currant mbande
Zofunikira za chisamaliro cha nyengo
Kuonjezeranso kulima kokongola kwa currants wakuda "Dachnitsa" kumatsata malamulo osavuta, omwe akuyenera kusamalira bwino. Nanga, ndi liti pamene muyenera kuchita - tiyeni tiwone tsatanetsatane.
Phunzirani zambiri zokhudza chisamaliro cha currant nyengo: mu masika, autumn, kukonzekera nyengo yozizira.
Kuthirira
Njira zamadzi ndizovomerezeka kwa zomera zachinyamata - zawo madzi monga dothi lopanda pamwamba limalira. Ngakhale kutsirira ndi kofunika kwa akuluakulu, makamaka nthawi ya mazira ndi fruiting. Kuperewera kwa chinyezi kumakhudza kwambiri kukula ndi kukoma kwa chipatso. Choncho, mutangozindikira kuti nthaka yoyandikana ndi chitsamba ndi youma, muyenera kumwa madzi ndi zitsamba za 1.5-2. Ndipo ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, ndi bwino kupopera tchire kunja kwa mfuti. 
Kusamalira dothi
Njira zosavuta komanso zovomerezeka, monga kumasula nthaka, kusamalitsa namsongole ndi kutulutsa mulch, ziyenera kuchitidwa nthawi zonse komanso kwa "Oyang'anira Maluwa". Chikhalidwe sichilekerera malo ndi namsongole, ndipo nthaka yozungulira iyenera kukhala yowala nthawi zonse, choncho muyenera kumasula nthawi zambiri. Pofuna kusunga chinyezi m'mizu ya zomera, tikulimbikitsanso kuti muzitha kuzungulira pansi pa chitsamba ndi humus.
Kudyetsa
Kamodzi pa nyengo, yomwe ili m'chaka, m'pofunika kupanga feteleza zamchere. Izi zikhoza kukhala urea kapena ammonium nitrate mu kuchuluka kwa 50 g ya mankhwala pa chitsamba chilichonse.
Mukudziwa? Si zipatso zokha zokha, komanso masamba a blackcurrant. Teya yochokera ku masamba owuma kapena atsopano a shrub amathandiza kuchotsa cholesterol, kuyeretsa mitsempha ya magazi ndi kupititsa patsogolo ntchito za ubongo. Zakumwa izi ndi zothandiza kwa onse akulu ndi ana.
Kudulira
Shrub inadulidwa mwamsanga mutabzala ndikupanga mawonekedwe mkati mwa zaka zisanu zoyambirira. Kumapeto kwa nyengo, pafupifupi mphukira zonse zakale zimadulidwa, zimangokhala zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zathanzi, ndipo achinyamata samakhudza. Chifukwa cha ichi, chitsamba chimakhala ndi mphukira zamphamvu za mibadwo yosiyana. 
Kwa zomera zoposa zaka zisanu, perekani masika onse kudulira mwaukhondo - chotsani nthambi zowonongeka, zouma ndi zachisanu.
Phunzirani momwe mungakonzere bwino currants.
Kuteteza kutentha kwa chisanu
Mitundu yambiri "Dachnitsa" imatanthawuzira kusagwira, koma tchire tating'ono akadali ofunika chitetezeni ku chisanu choopsa. Pochita izi, kumapeto kwa autumn, m'pofunika kukulitsa pansi kuzungulira chitsamba ndi utuchi, masamba, singano kapena humus kuti tipewe hypothermia ya mizu. Ngati tifunikira kuti chisanu ndi chisanu chikhale chozizira, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuphimba chitsamba chokha: cholembera, polyethylene kapena makatoni adzachita izi.
Mukudziwa? Zitsamba zam'maluwa zimapezeka pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi, kupatulapo makontinenti awiri okha - Antarctica ndi Australia.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana
Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa mutu waukulu phindu mitundu yakuda currant "Dachnitsa":
- Zakudya zonunkhira zokoma zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwatsopano ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana.
- Zipatso zazikulu za zipatso.
- Kukaniza matenda ndi tizirombo.
- Kukongoletsa shrub.
- Kusakanizidwa kolimba.
- Zokolola zolimba.
- Kutuluka koyambirira.
Kuti chiwonongeko Zotsambazi zingakhale monga zotsatirazi:- kutalika kwa chitsamba;
- Ndizokolola zochulukirapo, nthambi zimagwadira, sichitha kupirira katundu wambiri;
- Amafunika kupanga chitsamba chaching'ono zaka zisanu zoyambirira mutabzala;
- Ngati mwaphonya mphindi ndipo musatenge zipatso pamapeto, zimatsitsa pansi.
Tsopano mukudziwa kuti black currant zosiyanasiyana "Dachnitsa" ali ndi ubwino wambiri: ndi ochepetsetsa mu chisamaliro ndi zipatso zokhazikika, ndipo zipatso zake ndi zabwino kwambiri ndi zogwiritsira ntchito. Umboni wa izi ndizo ndondomeko zabwino za wamaluwa, omwe adatha kuyamikira izi.
