Strawberry imakhala ndi malo otsogolera pa mndandanda wa "chilimwe" zipatso. Kupeza anthu omwe sangawonongeko ndizosatheka, kupatula iwo omwe amatsutsana nawo, mwachibadwa. Chokhachokha cha strawberries ndi kanthawi kochepa ka fruiting, zomwe sizikukwanira kudya zipatso kuchokera mu mtima.
Pali uthenga wabwino wa zokwawa za sitiroberi - obereketsa apanga nyengo yochedwa, yomwe imayamba kubala chipatso, panthawi yomwe mitundu yambiri imadutsa pamalo opuma.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana
Mitundu yambiri "Pandora" inalembedwa ku UK ndi obereketsa m'madera mwa kudutsa mitundu "Fragaria" ndi "Ananassa". Ziri za mitundu yokolola - chimake cha fruiting chiri kumapeto kwa July, zomwe mosakayikira zimapindulitsa kwambiri.
"Pandora" sizowonongeka, koma, komabe, mutakolola zokolola, mudzadabwa kwambiri ndi kukula kwa zipatso ndi zokoma zomwe mungasangalale kumapeto kwa nyengo ya sitiroberi.
Mbali yapadera ya "Pandora" pamaso pa mitundu yina ya sitiroberi ndi kufunika kwa zofufumitsa mungu pa nthawi yake yamaluwa.
Monga pollinator, mungathe kubzala sitiroberi "Malvina" mofanana ndi kukula, kapena "strawberry", "Florence", "Vicoda".
Zizindikiro za zipatso ndi zipatso
Pa zitsamba zazing'ono zimakula zipatso zazikulu zowonongeka, kulemera kwao ndi 30-60 g. Zipatso zamtundu wobiriwira zimakhala zofiira kwambiri, zimakhala zowonongeka, zowutsa mudyo, koma sitiroberi sizimataya panthawi yopita. Kukoma ndi kokoma ndi kuwawa pang'ono.
Mukudziwa? Froberberries amaonedwa kuti ndiwo zipatso zokha zomwe mbewu zawo zimakula kunja, osati mkati. Zipatso zonse zimakhala ndi mbeu 200.
Agrotechnics ya kukula ndi kusamalira strawberries
Ngakhale kulima mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Pandora kumafuna kuleza mtima ndi kuyesetsa mwakhama, izi sizidzakhala zovuta kwa wamaluwa wamaluwa. Takukonzerani inu zothandiza zomwe mungachite kuti mukhale ndi zosangalatsa ngakhale oyambitsa mmunda.
Kusankhidwa kwa mbande
Molakwika anasankha sitiroberi mbande akhoza nullify zonse zomwe mukuyesetsa kukula chokoma ndi zonunkhira zipatso. Musanagule tchire, nthawi zonse muziyang'anitsitsa maonekedwe awo - chomeracho chiyenera kukhala ndi maonekedwe abwino, masamba ndi mizu ziyenera kukhala zowonongeka komanso zopanda kuwonongeka, ndipo masamba sayenera kukhala ndi mawanga ndi mabala.
Perekani ubwino kwa tchire, zomwe sizinawonjezeke kuposa masamba atatu, - mutabzala chomera pansi, masamba ena amachotsa kwa iye mphamvu ndi chinyezi, zomwe zingachepetsenso kukula.
Ntchito yofunikira imathandizidwanso ndi malo ogula mbewu - ndi bwino kugula zitsamba za kubzala kuchokera ku wamaluwa otsimikiziridwa kapena malo odyetserako ziweto. Kotero mudzakhala otsimikiza kwambiri kuti mutapeza mtundu wa strawberries omwe munapereka, ndipo mwayi woti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi matenda tilowe m'munda mwanu komanso nthaka ndi yochepa.
Phunzirani momwe mungabwerere strawberries, kaya mulch, kapena kukula pansi pa chophimba, momwe mungadyetsere masika ndi autumn, momwe mungasamalire pa maluwa ndi pambuyo pa fruiting, momwe mungakonzekere nyengo yozizira.
Zomwe amangidwa
Ngati mwasankha kukula ku mitundu iyi ya British pa chiwembu chanu, ndiye choyamba muyenera kusamala kwambiri posankha malo abwino odzala Pandora, komanso kukonzekera nthaka yomwe idzamera.
Malo ayenera kukhala bwino, popanda drafts, makamaka kusankha kusambira kumadzulo. Onetsetsani kuti mlingo wa madzi otsika pansi uli osachepera 1 mita kuchokera padziko lapansi - motero mumathetsa kusefukira kwa mizu, komanso mutha kupeŵa maonekedwe a chinyezi m'nthaka.
Musanayambe kubzala pansi muyenera kukhala ndi feteleza mowolowa manja ndi zokometsetsa mchere. Lamuloli likugwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala mitundu yonse ya munda strawberries, koma pa nkhani ya "Pandora" - palibe chifukwa choyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Popanda kukonzekera bwino dothi musanabzala mbande, kuyesetsa kwanu kudya zipatso zokoma ndi zokoma kungakhale kopanda phindu.
Ndikofunikira! Zomwe alimi akulangizidwa kuti nthawi yambiri woonda kunja wakuda sitiroberi masamba. Ndondomekoyi ndi yothandiza chifukwa salola kuti tchire tigwiritse ntchito mphamvu kudyetsa masamba owonjezera, ndipo imathandizanso kuti tisawononge maonekedwe a zowola, ngati dzuwa lidzafika kuzu.
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Zomera za nthaka zimakhudza kwambiri kukolola kwa mbeu zonse, komanso sitiroberi sizomwezo. The mulingo woyenera sing'anga kwa kukula strawberries wa mitundu yonse ndi bwino hydrated kuwala nthaka ndi yaying'ono admixtures mchenga ndi dongo, asidi ayenera kukhala mbali ndale - 6.5-7.0.
Chofunika kwambiri kupititsa patsogolo kukula kwa strawberries ndi kusintha khalidwe la zokolola zidzathandiza kuyambitsa organic ndi mchere feteleza. Za feteleza zopangidwa ndi feteleza, zimakhala zothandiza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa, kapena nkhuku. Musanagwiritse ntchito fetereza imeneyi, iyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi, pafupifupi - 1 mpaka 20.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito manyowa monga feteleza, muyenera choyamba kulowetsedwa, koma pokhapokha mutenge madzi
Kawirikawiri feteleza feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'chaka kapena asanabzalidwe m'malo atsopano. Zina mwa zokometsera za mchere, feteleza zovuta, kuphatikizapo potaziyamu, phosphorous ndi nitrojeni, zimapindulitsa makamaka ku Pandora strawberries. Kupanga feteleza zoterezi kumathandiza kukwaniritsa strawberries ndi zofunikira zowonjezera ndikupanga zipatso kuti zikhale zokoma kwambiri ndi olemera.
Kavalidwe ka mineral kawirikawiri amapangidwa atatha kukolola. Patatha nthawi ya fruiting, zakudya zomwe zimapezeka mu feteleza zovuta zimapatsa sitiroberi mphamvu kuti apange maluwa ndi mizu yatsopano.
Phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nkhumba, akavalo, ng'ombe, kalulu, manyowa a feteleza monga feteleza.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Mukamwetsa mabulosi ogwiritsira ntchito sitiroberi zothandiza kwambiri ndi kuthirira ulimi wothirira, zomwe zimaperekedwa mwa kukhazikitsa njira yothirira. Koma kuthirira kawirikawiri kwa kuthirira kwa munda kungathandizenso, chinthu chachikulu: musaiwale kuti mizu ya strawberries ili pafupi kwambiri ndi nthaka, kotero kuti madzi amphamvu akhoza kuwavulaza.
Strawberries pa maluwa ndi fruiting zidzafuna zokhazikika kuthirira.
Kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata kuli kokwanira, ndipo nthawi yapadera kwambiri - kamodzi pa masiku atatu. Ngati ndizowonongeka ndi ozizira kunja kwawindo, ndi bwino kubwezeretsa kuthirira tsiku lotsatira - kuchulukitsa kwa chinyezi kungayambitse matenda ambiri omwe mitundu ya Pandora imakhala nayo.
Komabe, ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti ngati pali kutentha panthawi ya fruiting, mumatha kumwa madzi madzulo ambiri
Nthaŵi yabwino "yosamba" sitiroberi pa masiku a chilimwe ndi m'mawa kwambiri. Nthawiyi ndi yabwino chifukwa madzi asanatuluke dzuwa litalowa, dzuwa limakhala ndi nthawi yolandira kuchuluka kwa chinyezi.
Mukudziwa? Mzinda wa Plougastel, womwe uli pamphepete mwa nyanja ya France, uli ndi Strawberry Museum. Lili ndi mbiri yakale ya kulima zipatsozi. Mzindawu umapanganso chikondwerero cha pachaka cha Strawberry, chomwe chimatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha mpikisano wa zovala zoyambirira za mabulosi ofiira awa.
Kugwirizana kwa kutentha
Malinga ndi olima ambiri odziwa bwino ntchito, m'madera otentha owuma, tchire la Pandora limakula kwambiri, pamene mapulaneti amawombera mofulumira kusiyana ndi nyengo zoziziritsa. Kuonjezera apo, zipatso zimatayika maonekedwe awo okongoletsera ndipo zikhoza kuphimbidwa ndi ziwotcha m'malo omwe dzuwa limagwa. Kuti apange zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana strawberries akhoza moyenera nyengo yamvula.
Kuti mudziwe ngati zosiyanasiyanazi zingathe kukhazikika pamabedi anu, n'zotheka chaka choyamba kudzala tchire "Pandora" ndikuwona kukula kwake. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti zosiyanasiyanazi sizimalekerera kuzizira. Chifukwa cha mapangidwe a impso yaitali, njira yokonzekera gawo lotsalira ikhoza kuchedwa isanayambe chisanu. Amaluwa ambiri akhala akusunga zitsamba za Pandora kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa November.
Phunzirani momwe mungakonzere bwino masamba ndi masharubu a strawberries.
Kubalanso ndi kubzala
Pali njira zitatu zoberekera strawberries mitundu "Pandora": pogwiritsa ntchito nyemba, mphukira zazing'ono ndikugawa chitsamba. Lingalirani njira iliyonse mwatsatanetsatane:
- Njira ya Mbewu. Dyetsani mbewu kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa February. Kuonjezera kumera kwa nyemba za Pandora, ziyenera kukhala zozizwitsa musanafese. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyika mbewuzo mu chidebe, kuziphimba ndi chingwe cha ubweya wa thonje lachinyontho ndikuzisiya mufiriji kwa milungu iwiri. Kutentha kokwanira kwa 2-5 ° C kumapezeka kawirikawiri m'madipatimenti posunga masamba ndi masamba atsopano kapena m'makandulo a firiji.
Kamodzi pa tsiku, mutsegule mbewu za mpweya, ndipo konyozani thonje ndi madzi. Pambuyo pa stratification, mbewu za Pandora zili okonzeka kubzala m'makina apadera kapena makapu apulasitiki. Sungani mbeuyi mofulumira kuchokera ku mchere wokonzedwa bwino - nthaka simukufunika kuwaika, mukhoza kungowonjezera pang'ono.
Kuchokera pamwamba pa chidebecho chiri ndi polyethylene ndipo chiri pamalo okongola bwino, ndi bwino kuti musatenge mbali ya dzuwa - mbewu za "Pandora" zikhoza kuuma, pambuyo pake simudzawona zikumera mu chidebe chanu. Mukhoza kupanga ziphuphu zingapo ndi mankhwala opangira mpweya wabwino, koma nthawi zambiri kachilombo ka microclimate kamapezeka popanda mabowo. Kuthirira mbewu sikunali kofunikira - chinyezi panthaka chidzakhazikika pa polyethylene ndi kuwerama pa iwo, potero kudzamwetsa mbande zamtsogolo.
Patapita kanthawi, mudzawona kuti mbande zanu zakula ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono ayamba kuwonekera - dikirani mpaka atatu mwa iwo atakula, ndipo ayambe kumera mbewu. Khwerero lotsatira ndikuwongolera mbande kukhala miphika yosiyana. Pansi pansi, perekani miyala - zipolopolo, mchenga, mchenga, ndi kudzaza pamwamba ndi nthaka yachonde.
Pakatikati mwa mphika, pangani kupanikizika pang'ono, pang'onopang'ono muike chitsamba chaching'ono mkati mwake ndikuwaza ndi dziko lapansi. Imwani nyemba ngati mukufunikira ndikuwateteze ku zojambulazo. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa March, mutha kutenga miphika mpweya kuti muumitse - nthawi iliyonse yonjezerani kutalika kwa kukhala panja. Chitani izi pang'onopang'ono kuti strawberries azizoloŵera kuzizira. Kutumizidwa kwa mbande mitundu "Pandora" mabedi a munda akhoza kukonzekera kumapeto kwa April.
Poyang'ana njira yovuta ndi yosagonjetsedwa mu mawonekedwe osakanizidwa a zomera, sitiroberi yoberekera kubzala sikumagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. - Kubereka achinyamata mphukira. Iyi ndi njira yophweka. Muyenera kuyembekezera mpaka chitsamba "Pandora" chimasula mbaliyo - zitsulo - ndikuphimba ndi nthaka yochepa.
Pakapita kanthawi, mphukira idzayamba mizu, ndipo mudzafunika kukumba, ndikudula masharubu kuti mutumikire chitsamba chatsopano pamodzi ndi chitsamba cha mayi. Mudzalandira chitsamba chodzaza "Pandora", chomwe chili chokonzekera ku malo ena.
Mafuta a mitundu yosiyanasiyana Molling Pandora amapereka nyerere zambiri - Kugawidwa kwa chitsamba kukhala zigawo. Mwa njira iyi, mukhoza kufalitsa tchire wamkulu wa munda wa strawberries, womwe umatulutsa mphukira zambiri komanso masamba. N'zotheka kugawa magawo m'dzinja pambuyo poti sitiroberi yatsiriza fruiting.
Muyenera kusankha chitsamba choyenera ndikuchigawa mu magawo awiri kapena atatu - onetsetsani kuti mu gawo lirilonse liyenera kukhala ndi masamba atatu olimba komanso mizu yaitali. Pambuyo pagawikana, "Pandora" ili wokonzeka kubwerera pamalo atsopano - kukumba dzenje lakuya, ikani chitsamba mmenemo, mowaza mosamala ndi nthaka ndikutsanulira madzi pa iyo.
Poyang'ana njira yovuta ndi yosagonjetsedwa mu mawonekedwe osakanizidwa a zomera, sitiroberi yoberekera kubzala sikumagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.
Mafuta a mitundu yosiyanasiyana Molling Pandora amapereka nyerere zambiri
Ndikofunikira! Froberberries amafunika kulowera malo atsopano zaka 3-4. Koposa zonse, zipatso za m'munda zimakula m'mabedi omwe mbatata ndi nyemba zimakula patsogolo pake.
Kukula ndi mavuto
Kukula munda sitiroberi zosiyanasiyana "Pandora", konzekerani kuti musadye zipatso zokoma, muyenera kuthana ndi mavuto ena. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kusankha sitiroberi mitundu ya sing'anga-mochedwa kucha kwa pollination wa "Pandora". Mitundu yambiriyi ndi mungu wochokera ku mitundu yotsatirayi: "Vikat", "Sophie", "Florence". Bzalani pafupi ndi Pandora, ndipo njuchi ndi mphepo zidzachita ntchito yonseyi.
Tiyeneranso kuzindikiranso kufunika kokhala mulching wa mabedi a sitiroberi. Mitundu imeneyi imakhala yovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha mitundu yovunda yosiyanasiyana chifukwa chakuti mphukira zochepa zimagwa pansi pa zolemera za zipatso zabwino. Pofuna kupeŵa matenda - muyenera kutsegula malo pansi pa chitsamba chokhala ndi tsinde kapena udzu.
Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa
Pa "sitiroberi" matenda, powdery mildew, kuwona ndi kuwonongeka ndi owopsa kwambiri pa zokolola za "Pandora". Kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa kugonjetsedwa kwa matendawa amatha kukhala ndi chithandizo cha njira zabwino zaulimi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polima strawberries.
Ngati mwazindikira zizindikiro za kugonjetsedwa kwa mabediketi ndi fungal spores, ndiye simungakhoze kuchita popanda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa fungicides. Musaiwale kutengapo mbali zokhudzana ndi zomera. Mukhozanso kupanga chithandizo cha mankhwala ndi mankhwala - musanayambe mapangidwe a peduncles, komanso mwamsanga pamapeto pake fruiting ya strawberries.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mukhoza kumenyana nawo ndi mankhwala ochizira mankhwala, mwachitsanzo, Aktellik kapena Aktara.
Kuthirira ngati kuli kofunika, mabedi okulitsa, feteleza nthawi yake - izi ndizigawo zomwe zingapangitse kukana kwa "Pandora" ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Tsopano mukudziwa zinsinsi zonse za kukula m'munda wa strawberries wa mitundu ya Pandora. Kukolola kwakukulu ndi kukoma kowala kwa zipatso zomwe inu munasonkhanitsa ndithudi zimagwiritsa ntchito khama lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito potsatira chidziwitso chazamagulu awo.
Video: kukula strawberries Pandora
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya munda strawberries "Pandora": ndemanga
Ndipo ndi imvi zovunda nkhondo kwambiri zochepa chitsanzo chodzala ndi pang'ono kuchotsa masamba pamene kucha kwa zipatso bwino mpweya wabwino chitsamba.
Kokha popanda chidwi chachikulu, ndi kuganizira masamba a chitsamba - tisiyeni mokwanira kuti thupi liziyenda bwino.
Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa nkhupakupa.
Sindikudziwa kuti wina aliyense - ndimamva chimodzi mwa zabwino kwambiri! Ndi zonunkhira, nayenso.
Zothandiza kwambiri kukula pa mabulosi. Mitundu ina yosungidwa ikachoka, mtengo ukukwera. Ndipo chifukwa chakuti nthawi zonse mumakhala osakhululuka, zimagulitsidwa bwino.
Pali deta pamabzala ogulitsa mafakitale kumadzulo (mpaka 0,5 ha).
Chithunzi 1 - fruiting chitsamba.
Zithunzi ndi zakale. Mu nyengo ino, ndikuyembekeza nafotkat
