Chikhumbo chosiyana ndi chikhumbo chodabwitsa mabwenzi ndi achibale, pokhala pa siteti osati tomato wofiira okha, komanso mitundu yawo yokongola - yomveka bwino. Tsopano mtundu wa mtundu umaimiridwa ndi pinki, chikasu komanso zipatso zakuda. Magaziniyi, komanso zina zambiri zokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa mbeu, zokolola, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito tomato kwa mankhwala, zimathetsedwa posankha mitundu.
Matimati "Chernomor" amatanthauza mitundu yamdima ya zipatso chifukwa zipatso zake zili ndi mdima. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ya gulu lakumapeto ndipo ikhoza kukulirakulira palimodzi ndi kutentha.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana
"Chernomor" ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato yomwe imamera bwino pamtunda komanso mu wowonjezera kutentha. 
Ubwino waukulu wa zosiyanasiyana:
- amapereka zokolola zabwino, ngakhale kusamalidwa pang'ono;
- ali ndi zokonda;
- amadziwika ndi nthawi yaitali yochuluka fruiting;
- ali ndi zipatso zowonongeka ndi zopusa zomwe zimalola kulephera.
Kufulumira kucha ndi khalidwe la zosiyanasiyana - Chernomor yakucha mu masiku 110, koma nthawi zambiri kucha tomato zipsa masiku 120. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yogonjetsedwa ndi matenda.
Tomato wa pakati pa nyengo mitundu imayenera kukonzekera m'nyengo yozizira: tomato zamzitini, saladi, zamasamba, ketchup, timadziti.
Dziwani zomwe mungathe kuphika ku tomato, kupanikizana, momwe mungapangire bwino, kuphika ketchup, tomato, tomato saladi, phwetekere.
Chinthu chosiyana pakati pa mitundu yakucha yakucha ndizokolola zawo: 3-4 makilogalamu a zipatso kuchokera ku chitsamba. Malo otentha omwe amatha kulima ndi kuthirira bwino ndi kumamatira patsiku lodyetsa akhoza kupanga makilogalamu 7 a zipatso zowutsa madzi a lilac. 
Maonekedwe a tomato ndi kuzungulira, kuzungulira pa tsinde. Kututa kwa tomato wobiriwira kungasungidwe kwa masiku oposa 15 opanda processing. Sakanizani kusiyanitsa zabwino transportability.
Chernomor ndi theka-determinant zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimafika kutalika kwa 1.5-2 m, zomwe ziri zabwino kwa greenhouses. Mazirawa amapangidwa pamwamba pa kutalika kwa mbeu, kotero phwetekere iyi imayenera pasynkovanii ndi kupanga chitsamba.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti tomato wanu zakudya kuchokera kasupe kuti mochedwa autumn, kukula mitundu ndi yosiyana yakucha nthawi. Ndi bwino kubzala tomato 35%, 45% pakati-kucha ndi 20% ya mitundu yochedwa yakucha.
Zipatso makhalidwe ndi zokolola
Zipatso "Chernomor" zamdima, zazikulu, zowonongeka. Mu phesi phwetekere imangobwereka pang'ono. Zipatso zolemera ndi 150-200 g. Zitsanzo za munthu aliyense zimatha kufika 500 g. Zokoma ndizopamwamba: chipatsocho ndi chokoma, chowopsa, chamoyo. 
Zipinda zambewu ndi zazikulu ndi mbewu zambiri. Zipatso zingasankhidwe posankha - kamodzi pa masiku atatu pa siteji yopanda kanthu, yoyamba ndi yodzala.
Kufunika kwa zakudya za "Chernomor" kumawonetsedwa mu zokoma, kukhalapo kwa shuga, mavitamini A, C, B1, B2, PP, potaziyamu, chitsulo, phosphorous.
Kusankhidwa kwa mbande
Ngati sizingatheke kukula mbeu, ndiye pamene kugula kumsika, wina ayenera kuganizira izi:
- Tengani zomera kuchokera kwa ogulitsa angapo. Ngakhale wolima masamba odziwa bwino sangathe kuzindikira mitundu ya phwetekere ndi masamba. Choncho, ngati mwanyengedwa ndi zosiyanasiyana pa nthawi imodzi, ndiye kuti ndi zina mwa zomera zomwe mwapeza.
- Zizindikiro za mbande zabwino: thunthu lakuda, lopangidwa bwino masamba 6-7, popanda zizindikiro zowonongeka ndi tizilombo toononga, timayima bwino mu chidebecho. Ngati thunthu ndi lochepa kapena zomera zimapangidwira - mbande zoterozo, sizingatheke kapena zitha, kotero ndibwino kuti muzuke.
- Kutalika kwa zomera ndi pafupifupi 30 cm.
- Simukuyenera kutenga mbande zowonjezera - zinkathirizidwa ndi feteleza ya nayitrogeni. Zidzakhala bwino mizu, koma chipatso chidzakhala choipa.
- Sikoyenera kuti tigule mbande ndi mazira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zatha pang'ono. Ngati ovary ali aang'ono, ingodulani kuti izi zitheke.
Mukudziwa? Mankhwala otchedwa phytoncides omwe ali mu tomato amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Matenda a phwetekere gruel amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mabala ndi zilonda.
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Zomera zimakula bwino pa nthaka yamchere, komanso zowonongeka, zowonjezera, mchenga kapena loamy. Pofuna kukhazikitsa mizu, phwetekere imafuna mpweya wabwino kwambiri, womwe umatulutsa dothi lokhalokha.
Panthawi ya kukula, zomera zimagwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni, ndipo panthawi ya fruphorous imafunikira phosphorous.
Zolinga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito dothi zatha ndi zowonongeka. Choncho, musanabzala, nkofunika kuti muwone bwino kuti mukhale ndi nthaka. 
Njira ya:
- Nthaka mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena pa malo kwenikweni kukumba. Zozungulira za dziko zasweka.
- Ngati dothi likutha - kuchepetsa, kupangira phulusa, kupaka laimu, choko kapena ufa wa dolomite. Pa nthaka yamchere, zomera zimakhala zofooka ndi zokolola zochepa, zimakhala zotengeka kwambiri ndi matenda ovunda.
Kuti muyang'ane acidity ya dothi, ikani supuni ya supuni kuchokera ku bedi lamtsogolo mthumba mu chidebe cha pulasitiki, kuwonjezera supuni ya vinyo wosasa apo ndi kusonkhezera mpaka kusinthasintha kwa kirimu wowawasa. Mchere wonyezimira umawonetseredwa ndi mpweya wa mlengalenga: kwambiri zamchere nthaka, mowonjezera. Ngati palibe chochita, ndiye kuti muli ndi nthaka yowawa.
Mukudziwa? Kutseka kwa dothi kumachitika mwa kusakaniza nthaka yosanjikiza (15 cm) ndi mandimu. Ngati mumwazaza laimu pa tsambali, ndiye kuti calcium yomwe imapezeka mkati mwake imatha kufika ku zomera zonse mwamsanga kuposa nthawi yotsatira. Ndikofunika kuti tichite ndondomeko kamodzi kamodzi pa zaka zitatu.
Pezani njira ya deoxidation iyenera kukhala masabata 1-2 musanadzalemo zomera pabedi. Kwa laimu, kufalikira kwachangu kudzakhala motere (g / sq. M):
- nthaka yowawa - 500 g;
- asidi apakati - 400 g;
- asidi ofooka - 300 g
Ngati muli okosikiza ndi choko, ndiye kuti mlingo wa ntchito ndi uwu: (g / sq. M):
- nthaka yowonongeka - 250 g;
- asidi apakati - 200 g;
- asidi pang'ono - 150 g
Patangotha sabata imodzi, mazenera kapena mabowo akukonzekera kubzala. Zida zofunika kuti tomato zibweretsedwe mu ngalande yolowera.
Kudyetsa zomera, nitrogenous, phosphate ndi fetashi feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku nthaka pamtundu wotsatira (g / sq. M):
- nayitrogeni - 30 g;
- phosphorus - 12 g;
- potaziyamu - 45 g
White kabichi ndi kolifulawa, anyezi, chimanga, ndi parsley zabwino phwetekere precursors. Tomato amavutika ndi matenda omwewo monga eggplants, mbatata, tsabola. Choncho, tomato sayenera kubzalidwa pambuyo pawo.
Kupanga mpikisano ndikofunikira, popeza mbewu yomweyo kapena zakudya zofanana ndi izo, zimapangitsa kuti nthaka zisungidwe komanso zimathandizira kubereka.
Mukudziwa? Mmodzi mwa mayiko oyambirira kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza anali wakale ku Japan. Ndipo feteleza oyambirira ndizowonongeka kwa anthu. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, ndowe za anthu olemera zinali zokwera mtengo kwambiri, chifukwa ankaganiza kuti zili ndi zakudya zambiri.
Mavuto akukula
Tomato ndi thermophilic. Mbewu zimamera pa +10 ° C, ndipo kutentha kwakukulu kwa kukula ndi 20 ... +28 ° C. Zomera sizimalolera chisanu, kotero zimatha kumalo otseguka pasanafike kumayambiriro kwa May, pamene dothi la chisanu limatha. 
Pamaso pa fruiting, tomato ali ndi chilala chosagonjetsedwa - mulingo wabwino kwambiri wa chinyezi ndi 70%. Ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi chimayamba kugwa ovary. Tomato ndi zomera za masana ndi kuwala kowala.
Kukula bwino ndi tsiku lalitali komanso losasokonezeka, koma nthawi yomweyo amachedwa kuchepetsa chitukuko ndi mapangidwe a zipatso.
Kubzala mbande m'nthaka kumachitika m'mizera ikuluikulu ndi mtunda pakati pawo - 50 masentimita, ndipo pakati pa zomera - masentimita 30. Mutabzala, kusungirako ndiko kumasula nthaka, kuchotsa namsongole, kuthirira ndi kudyetsa.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kwa mbande kunyumba
Kubzala mbande kukonzekera michere yosakaniza ya nthaka ndi humus, yotengedwa mofanana. Kwa izi osakaniza awonjezerani 0,5 malita a phulusa pothana ndi acidity ya nthaka. 
Ngati mukukula tomato pachaka, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti mupeze mbeu za kubzala kuchokera mu nyengo yam'mbuyomu. Ngati mbewu ziyenera kugula, ndiye muzizigulitse m'masitolo apadera.
Kotero inu mukhoza kutsimikiza kuti zolembedwa pa phukusi ndi mbewu mkati ndizosiyana zosiyana. Kumera bwino kumakhala ndi mbeu chaka chatha - ali ndi fungo la phwetekere. Musagule katundu mu phukusi popanda pulogalamu ya moyo, kuphulika ndi kukhala ndi zofooka zosiyanasiyana.
Ndikofunikira! Sungani mbewu zikhale mu chipinda chokwera. Kutalika nthawi ya kutentha kumakhala kuchepetsa kumera kwa 50-60%.
Kukonzekera Mbewu
Kuyamera kumatenga mbewu zabwino zachikasu. Choyamba, iwo amachizidwa ndi madzi otentha pamtentha wa +60 ° C. Mukhoza kutentha mbeu ndi nyali ya tebulo pa kutentha komweko. Cholinga cha opaleshoniyi ndikutetezedwa ndi matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. 
Kwa disinfection, mbewu imathandizidwa ndi 1% yothetsera potassium ya manganese kwa maola 24.
Mbewu ikuwomba imagwira pa kutentha pamwamba +22 ° C. Mbeu zowirira mu chidebe chokhala ndi nsalu yonyowa kapena bandeji. Meshitiyi imakhala ndi chinyezi komanso imapereka mpweya wabwino. Iyenso amalimbikitsidwa kuti aumitse mbewu.
Mchitidwe wovuta: Maola 19 mufiriji, ndiyeno maola asanu mu chipinda. Nthawi yovuta - masiku asanu.
Zokhudzana ndi malo
Pambuyo pouma, mbewu zimabzalidwa mabokosi. Mlungu umodzi usanatuluke, zitsulo zomwe zili pansi zimatenthedwa m'nyumbamo kutentha. Pankhaniyi, nthaka imathiridwa mochuluka ndi 1% yothetsera manganese potaziyamu. 
Mbali imodzi ya mbande mutatha kuika magazi, gawo lina lidzafa kuchokera ku tizirombo zosiyanasiyana titabzala zomera zokonzedwa bwino. Choncho, mbande nthawi zonse zimakula ndi 30% kuposa zofunikira.
Mukudziwa? Amino tomato ndi aphrodisiacs omwe amachititsa kugonana kwa amuna. Kukoma kwa tomato ndi kovuta kwambiri, ndipo fungo ndi lovuta kwambiri.
Njira yobzala mbewu
Mbeuzo zimafesedwa ndi mtunda pakati pa mizere ya 3 masentimita, pakati pa mbeu - 2 cm Kuchokera pamwamba pa mbewuzo zimadulidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa nthaka (2 cm). Mutabzala, tsanulirani zomwe zili mu bokosi kunja kwa kuthirira ndikuphimba ndi filimu masiku 3-4. Kuwombera kumawoneka pa tsiku 7-10.
Pa kukula, mbande amadyetsedwa kawiri ndi michere yankho mu chiŵerengero:
- superphosphate - 30 g;
- potaziyamu kloride - 20 g;
- ammonium nitrate - 20 g;
- madzi - 10 l.
Kufika pansi kumachitika masiku 50-60 akukula.
Kusamalira mmera
Kuonetsetsa kuti zomera zabwino zikufunika kuyatsa maola 10 pa tsiku. Kukonzekera kuyatsa yunifolomu, gwiritsani nyali za fulorosenti. Musagwiritse ntchito kuwala kokha - zomera zidzafika poyambira kumene kuli kowala ndipo mitengo ikuluikulu idzakhala yochepa kwambiri.
Kutentha kwa masana kwa mbande sikuyenera kugwa m'munsimu +20 ° С, makamaka ziyenera kukhala pamlingo wa 22 ... +26 ° С. Usiku - pansi pa +17 ° С. Kuthirira kumachitika masiku asanu ndi limodzi ndi kuthirira.
Chosankha choyamba chikuchitika pambuyo pa tsamba lachitatu lachiwonadi. Mbande akhala mu makapu. Phesiyo imamizidwa pansi mpaka masamba a masamba. Izi zidzapanga mizu yamphamvu. 
Chosankha chachiwiri chikuchitidwa mu makapu akuluakulu patapita masabata atatu. Mukamabzala masamba a cotyledon amachotsedwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo azidyetsa.
Kuwaza mbande pansi
Mu nthaka tomato obzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa May kwa masiku 50-60mu nyengo yopanda mphepo yamkuntho.
Pofuna kubzala, chomeracho chimachokera pamodzi ndi nthaka m'zitsime kapena mumtsinje womwe umabzala kuti ukhale wozama kwambiri womwe unali pa nthawi yobzala mbewu. Ngati chomeracho chikatambasula panthawi ya kukula, mukhoza kulima pansi pa mtunda kuti gawo la thunthu lilowe mumtsinje.
Gawoli lidzaphuka ndi mizu yomwe ingathandize zomera kuti zikhale zolimba. Mtunda pakati pa mbeu iliyonse pamzere ndi 30 cm, pakati pa mizere ndi osachepera 50 cm. 
Mukudziwa? Sikuti tomato zonse zobiriwira zimatulutsa mtundu wakuda. Ambiri ali obiriwira mumdima wamdima wofiira ndi wofiirira. Zipatso za mtundu uwu zimatchedwa Kumato. "Chernomor" - imodzi mwa mitundu iyi.
Zipangizo zamakono za kukula kwa phwetekere pamtunda
N'zotheka kukula mbeu kumalo otseguka komanso m'malo obiriwira. Mukakulira pansi pa chilengedwe, m'pofunika kulingalira zotsatira za kutentha pa kukula, zokolola ndi kudyetsa mbali za tomato.
Kuti mupeze nthawi yokolola, nkofunikira kubzala zomera usiku ndi mvula yamvula. Ndipo mukamagwiritsira ntchito feteleza - musagwiritse ntchito malo onse a pawebusaitiyi, koma kuti muwaike pamalo enieni a mizu.
Zochitika kunja
Tomato ndi thermophilic zomera zomwe zimakhala bwino nyengo yozizira. Ndipo kumayambira kumbali yathu imadziwika ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi masana ndi usiku kutentha. 
Choncho, kuti tipeze nthawi yokolola ya tomato, zomera zimayenera kukhazikitsa malo abwino a chitukuko, kutanthauza kuti kutentha kwa usiku sikutsika kuposa +17 ° C. Izi n'zotheka ndi wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha.
Zipangizo zamakono za greenhouses zimasintha bwino kutentha kwa usiku, komanso zimalola kuti zomera zizipeza kuwala kokwanira. Tomato amafunikanso kwambiri. Choncho, kubzala kwawo sikuyenera kukhala pafupi ndi 1.5 mamita kuchokera ku nyumba komanso kutalika kwa mitengo.
Njira yobzala mbewu pansi
Mbatata mbande obzalidwa yotseguka pansi kumayambiriro kwa May pambuyo pa kutha kwa nthaka chisanu. Manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku dothi lopaka deoxidized. Ngati chodzala chikuchitika m'zitsime, ndiye kuti fetereza imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa aliyense.
Ngati chodzala chikuchitika mumtsinje, ndiye kuti feteleza amagawidwa mofanana. 
Madzi ochuluka amatsanulira mu zomera bwino kuti nthaka ikhale yonyezimira. Mphukira imayikidwa mmenemo pamodzi ndi nthaka yomwe inakula.
Dothi lamadzi lidzalola mizu kusintha bwino ndikuyamba kuphuka. Pambuyo pa chinyontho chowonjezera, zitsime zimaphimbidwa ndi humus, peat kapena nthaka youma. Pambuyo masiku 2-3, kuthirira kwachitika kachiwiri ndipo zomera zatsopano zimabzalidwa mmalo mwa zomwe sizinayambe.
Ngati chodzala chikufalikira ndi mbewu zowonongeka, ndiye kuti amaikidwa mu ngalande ndi njira ya lamba. Asanamwe mbewu, nthaka imathiriridwa, kenako imawazidwa ndi nthaka kuti chivundikiro cha pansi chikhale 2 cm.
Phizani kufesa filimu pambali pambali. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mbande, kujambula kwa filimuyo kumatulutsidwa kotero kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono kamene timapangidwira. 
Kukonzekera kumeneku kumawonjezera mphamvu ya kutentha ndipo kumathandizira kuti kumera kwachangu ndi kusamalidwa kwa zomera.
Matenda aang'ono omwe amamera kuthengo safunikira kusowa. Zomera zina zimayenera kuchotsedwa ngati mbeu zimatulukira kwambiri, kapena kuziika ngati sizikula mu gawo lina.
Mukudziwa? Ngati zomera zimakula mu wowonjezera kutentha, zimakhala ndi filimu ya usiku, ndipo patsiku lomwe amachotsa filimuyo. M'masiku ozizira ozizira, chivundikirocho sichichotsedwa.
Kuthirira
M'chaka, nthaka ili ndi chinyezi zambiri. Kuonjezerapo, tomato ku fruiting nyengo yolekerera chilala bwino. Choncho kuthirira ndikofunikira pamene dothi limayamba kuuma. M'nyengo yotentha kwambiri, madzi ayenera kumwa madzi kamodzi pamlungu. Kuthira kwa ulimi: 40-50 malita a madzi kwa zomera 6-8. 
Kutentha kwa madzi sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa +14 ° С. N'zosatheka kulondolera mtsinje wa madzi kupita ku chomera kapena ku mizu. Nthaka ikasambitsidwa pansi pazu, phwetekere idzatayika, ndipo chinyezi chochulukira pamasamba chidzakopera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Nthaka imamasula ndi kupalira
Kutsegula kumaperekedwa ngati n'kofunika ndipo pambuyo kuthirira. Pamene mizu imayandikira pafupi, zimalimbikitsa kubisa nthaka pambuyo kuthirira ndi utuchi kapena mulch. Kuya kwa tillage ndi masentimita 4-8.
Ntchito imamasula:
- perekani aeration wa mizu;
- ulamuliro wa udzu;
- kuchotsa mphutsi za tizirombo zomwe zimakhala m'nthaka.
Mukhoza kumasula munda wamaluwa, wamagetsi kapena wamakina. Ngati nyengo imvula - ndiye kumasula kumachitika nthaka ikauma. 
Masking
Kuchotsa mphukira zazing'ono, zomwe zimapangidwa mu tsamba axils, zimatchedwa pasynkovaniem. Njirayi imathandiza kwambiri popanga chitsamba. Matakowa amachotsedwa akafika 3-4 masentimita, kusiya tsinde laling'ono mpaka 1 masentimita.
Phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito tomato ya mbeu mu wowonjezera kutentha, komanso kumunda.
Oboolawo amathetsa pang'onopang'ono ndi zala zawo. Chomera chosakhala ndi mphukira kumapanga zipatso zazikulu ndi zokolola zazikulu. Izi ndizotheka chifukwa chakuti zakudya zimatumizidwa ku chipatso ndipo sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kukula kwa mphukira zina zopanda zipatso. 
Belt girter
Pamene zomera zimafika kutalika kwa masentimita 20 mpaka 30, zimamangirizidwa ku trellis kapena mapegi.Kuphatikizira ku trellis yopingasa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Chernomor ikhoza kukwera mamita 2, kotero mu wowonjezera kutentha izi zosiyanasiyana zimamangirizidwa ku vertical trellis, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi tomato ku denga lakutentha pa chingwe. Pamene chomera chikukula, chingwecho chimakhazikika.
Phunzirani momwe mungamangirire tomato pamalo otseguka, ndi momwe mungathere, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mapulogalamu a garter.
Ntchito yothandizira - mogawanika kugawa kulemera kwa chipatso cha mbeu. Chitsamba chimodzi "Chernomor" chikhoza kubala pafupifupi 4 makilogalamu a tomato otseguka pansi ndi 12 kg mu wowonjezera kutentha. Choncho, kumangiriza n'kofunika kuthetsa mavuto pa thunthu ndi nthambi.
Mitundu yayikulu ya mapangidwe a garters:
- choyimira;
- chowonekera trellis;
- zitsulo kapena zingwe zamatabwa;
- mpanda wawung'ono wozungulira mbewu;
- garter kuti akwere.
Mukudziwa? Tomato ndi mungu wochokera popanda tizilombo, koma mothandizidwa ndi mphepo. Ngati tomato wanu amakula mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndiye kuti akufunika kukolola bwino kuti azikhala ndi mpweya wabwino mothandizidwa ndi mpweya wabwino. Mukhozanso kugwiranso mapepala omwe amangiriridwa kumtundu uliwonse ndi ndodo.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika masiku 10-15 mutabzala, chachiwiri - kumayambiriro kwa maluwa, lachitatu - panthawi ya zipatso.
Kudyetsa ntchito:
- ammonium nitrate - 15 g;
- superphosphate - 20-30 g;
- potaziyamu sulphate - 15-20 g;
- madzi - 10 l.
Zovala zapamwamba zimabweretsa pansi pazu mu nthaka yonyowa. Madzi wotsatira akuchitika pambuyo pa masiku 7-10 mutatha kudya. 
Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa
Zosiyanasiyana "Chernomor" zimawoneka kuti zatha mochedwa. Matendawa amadziwika ngati mabala a bulauni pa masamba ndi zipatso. Yoyamba kupopera mbewu mankhwala Bordeaux madzi motsutsana phytophtoras ikuchitika pamene mazira ambiri anayamba kuwonekera.
Patatha milungu iwiri, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kubwerezedwa. Kupopera mbewu katatu kumachitika ndi yankho la adyo. Pochita izi, 50 g wa adyo wathyoledwa, kutsanulira 1 l madzi ndikukhala maola 12. Sungunulani madzi ndi malita 10 ndikupopera mbewu.
Pofuna kupewa matenda, zomera zimatulutsidwa ndi "Phytosporin". Matenda omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amathandizidwa ndi Famoxadone ndi Mefenoxam.
Mitundu ina ya kuipitsidwa kwa bakiteriya:
- chithunzi;
- mwendo wakuda;
- malo ofiira;
- mitundu yovunda yosiyanasiyana.
Zizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga lamulo, zimakhalapo m'chilengedwe nthawi zonse, koma zimatsekedwa pokhapokha ngati zichitika zabwino. Zomwe zimapanga chitukuko chakumapeto ndi matenda ena ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chinyezi mutatha mvula yambiri kapena kuthirira.
Ndikofunikira! Musapitirire mlingo woyenera wa mankhwala. Ngakhale mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi owopsya kwa anthu. Ndizosatheka kudya zipatso ngati mankhwala akumwa amapezeka masiku osachepera 20 apitawo.
Mose amawoneka ngati mawanga oyera pa masamba ndi zipatso. Kutsekedwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Palibe njira yothetsera vutoli, choncho mbali zina zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zomerazo zimawonongeka. Mphuno wakuda kapena zowola mizu amawonetsedwa ngati mtundu wakuda wa tsinde lachitsamba, kenako wilting.
Monga njira yothetsera matenda, Pseudobacterin-2 imapulitsidwa. 
Brown spotting amachizidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa fungicides.
Mankhwala monga "Scor", "Sinthani", "Thanos", "DNOC", "Fundazol", "Signum", "Cumulus", "Mchiritsi", "Alette", "Merpen" amatengedwa ngati fungicides.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi owopsa kwambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo mphutsi za Maybot ndi Medvedka.
Zina mwa njira zothana ndi tizirombo ta nthaka ndi izi:
- kukumba nthaka;
- kumanga misampha yapadera kwa tizirombo;
- kugwiritsa ntchito poizoni.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatulutsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala a Proteus amagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Kupopera mbewu kumaphatikizidwa mu nyengo youma, nyengo yopanda mphepo m'zigawo zingapo ndi nthawi ya masiku 3-5.
Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timatha kuchotsa mazira awo masiku angapo kapena zotsatirazi zingathe kuwuluka. 
Izi ndizowona makamaka pamene tizirombo tuluka ku tomato kuchokera kudera lina.
Kukolola ndi kusungirako
Kukolola kungatheke ngati chipatso chimapsa masiku atatu. Gawo la kukula "Chernomor" limalowa masiku 110-120 mutabwera. Kusungirako mbewu imayikidwa mabokosi. Ikani chipatso mu dera lopuma mpweya.
Sikoyenera kuika tomato m'mizere yoposa itatu, chifukwa cha kukula kwa mphamvu ya tomato ya m'munsi ikhoza kuonongeka. Yesani kuika zipatso zolemera kwambiri. Zigawo zimatha kusamutsidwa ndi pepala kapena kutentha kutentha.
Mukudziwa? Ziyenera kukumbukira kuti tomato amapitirira kukulira ngakhale atang'ambika, kotero sangathe kuikidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri.
Zipatso zokhazokha zopanda zizindikiro za matenda zimayikidwa yosungirako. Mukhoza kusunga tomato wokoma kwa milungu pafupifupi itatu. Zipatso zosagwiritsidwa ntchito zimasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Sambani tomato ayenera kukhala musanayambe kudya. 
Mavuto ndi malingaliro
Makhalidwe abwino a kukula ndi fruiting - Chinsinsi cha zokolola zanu. Pofuna kusangalala ndi zokolola zambiri, kudyetsa zomera panthawi yake komanso kulamulira zomwe zimakula: chinyezi, kutentha, maonekedwe a tizirombo.
Komanso kuchita nthawi yake agrotechnical miyeso: umuna, kumasula nthaka, kuthirira, mpweya wabwino (kwa wowonjezera kutentha zomera).
Kugwa maluwa, masamba kapena zipatso kungakhale kovuta kukolola mtsogolo. Chizindikiro choyamba cha kugwa kwa mazira ndi masamba ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi m'nthaka ndi feteleza zamchere. Kuonjezerapo, zomera zimatsanulira masamba awo mu zinthu zochepa kapena chifukwa cha matenda a fungal.
Pokhala chomera chachikondi, phwetekere sichilola mthunzi ku mitengo kapena kubzala kwakukulu. Kumbukirani kuti zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa - sizitsimikizidwe kuti zimakhala zokolola zambiri, koma zimakhala zochepa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa ndi shaded. 
Pamene ovary igwa, chitani zakudya zina zowonjezera. Ngati zipatso zikugwa, zikhoza kutanthauza kuti chomeracho chimakhudzidwa ndi mtundu wina wa zowola. Kuchitira tchire ndi chisakanizo cha mkuwa sulphate, nthaka ndi urea.
Monga mukuonera, kusamalira tomato si kovuta. Ulamuliro wake waukulu ndi nthawi ya agrotechnical. Kuyambira izi zidalira pa zokolola za zomera. Khalani Chernomor panja kapena kumalo obiriwira ndi kusangalala ndi zokolola zambiri.
