Kufotokozera ndi kulima phwetekere "Yablonka Russia" pofuna kutsegula

Pokhala ndikulima munda wamunda, timakonda mitundu yomwe ili yodzichepetsa komanso yotsutsa matenda ndi zovuta ndipo zimafuna kusamalira kwenikweni.

Zonse zofunikazi zimakhutitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato "Yablonka Rossii".

Tidzauza za kulima kwake m'nkhaniyi.

Malingaliro osiyanasiyana

Tomato awa ali ndi determinative, amphamvu ndi ophatikizana baka.

Tomato ndi zotchedwa determinant baka ndi monga "Katyusha", "Riddle", "Golden Heart", "Solerosso", "Rio Fuego", "Superbomb", "Liana", "Bokele".

Kutalika kwa zomera kumasiyanasiyana ndi 50 cm kufika 1 mamita. Chomeracho sichiri nthambi. Kale pamwamba pa tsamba 7-9, yoyamba inflorescence ikuwonekera. Masamba - mbatata mitundu. Chifukwa cha njira zamakono zamakono zaulimi, izi zimatchedwanso "phwetekere laulesi."

Lili ndi ubwino wotsatira:

• zipatso zoyamba kucha ndi nthawi yaitali fruiting;
• chokolola chachikulu;
• Sichifuna kutsekemera ndi kusungunula;
• Kulimbana ndi matenda ambiri ndi nyengo zovuta;
• chilengedwe chonse cha zipatso ndi kuyenda bwino;
• kukwera komangamanga

Izi zowonjezera zilibe "zoperewera", komabe zovuta zake zikuphatikizapo:

• Kufuna nthaka (imakonda chonde);
• zipatso zazing'ono, koma izi zimalipidwa ndi kuchuluka kwawo kokwanira;
• mwayi wotsatila ndi zovuta ndi zowonongeka kuti ziwonongeke ndi nyamakazi za Colorado, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi whiteflies.

Zinthu zosiyana ndi izi:

• Kukongola kwa zipatso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nthawi imodzi kupanga zinthu zonse;
• tchire sitikusowa ndikugwedeza.

Zipatso makhalidwe ndi zokolola

Chomera ichi chinadzitcha dzina lake chifukwa cha maonekedwe, kukumbukira kwambiri mtengo wa apulo womwe unapachikidwa ndi zipatso.

Zosiyanasiyana ndi zoyambirira kucha, tomato ndi okonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa tsiku la 110-112 la kutuluka kwa mphukira.

Mitundu ya tomato yakucha kucha monga "Samara", "Kuphulika", "Batanyan", "Caspar".

Kubzala ndibwenzi, kotero mutha kusonkhanitsa ndi kubwezeretsanso, koma chitsamba chimabereka zipatso mpaka October.

Ngakhale ndi ndalama zochepa, zokolola pa chitsamba zimadza 3-5 makilogalamu. Ngati chomeracho chibzalidwa pa nthaka yachonde ndi feteleza, chiwerengero cha tomato chidzawonjezeka. Pafupifupi, tomato 90-100 zipse pa chitsamba chimodzi.

Zipatso zochokera ku 70 mpaka 100 g. Tomato ndi ofanana ndi aang'ono, mawonekedwe ozungulira nthawi zonse ndi khungu lofiira. Zipatso zimakhala zowonongeka komanso zosagwedezeka, zomwe zimayendera bwino.

Iwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito konse ndipo ali oyenera kumalongeza, kuphika phwetekere, madzi ndi saladi osiyanasiyana.

Mukudziwa? Chimodzi mwa machitidwe a chiyambi cha dzina lakuti "phwetekere" - kuchokera ku French [em] "pomme d'amour" [/ em] ("apple wachikondi"). Ndipo chifukwa cha ichi pali chifukwa. Chipatsocho chiri ndi chinthu chofanana ndi serotonin, chomwe chimathandiza kupumula ndi kusintha maganizo. Chinthuchi sichitha ngakhale panthawi ya chithandizo cha kutentha. Mukufuna kukhala ndi maganizo abwino - Idyani phwetekere, supuni ya supuni ya phwetekere kapena kumwa madzi.

Kusankhidwa kwa mbande

Tomato ndi zomera zokonda kutentha, ndipo kuti mupeze nthawi yokolola, ndibwino kuti muzitha kuzikula pambewu. Mutha kuziyika nokha kapena kugula izo.

Kusankha mbande, muyenera kumvetsera zotsatirazi:

• masamba ayenera kukhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira, wopanda mawanga ndi kuwonongeka;
• tsinde - yamphamvu, yotukuka bwino, osati yokonzeka;
• Tchire sayenera kuwonjezereka, mwinamwake idzatenga nthawi yaitali kuti ikhale mizu;
• Mzuwu umapangidwa bwino ndipo umaphimbidwa ndi mtanda wothira nthaka, ndipo bwino ngati mbande zakhala zikuloledwa mu miphika kapena makapu.

Mavuto akukula

"Yablonka Rossiya" akunena za mbewu zosawonongeka, koma kulima kuli kofunikanso kupanga zinthu zina:

1. Izi ndi zomera zokonda kutentha, ndipo m'munda ayenera kuzibzala m'deralo, lotentha kwambiri.
2. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa koma osati madzi. Pofuna kupeŵa kutuluka mofulumira kwa chinyezi, nthaka kuzungulira tchire ikhoza kuwonetsedwa ndi peat kapena humus.
3. Tomato a mitundu yosiyanasiyana amakonda nthaka yobiriwira, motero nthawi yomweyo ikabzalidwa pansi imawonjezera manyowa, humus, phulusa ndi feteleza mchere. Nthaka sayenera kulowerera ndale kapena yowonjezera pang'ono. Chabwino loam.
4. Zotsatila zoyenera zikhoza kukhala kabichi, katsabola, adyo, nkhaka, nyemba kapena dzungu. Ndizosayenera kubzala pambuyo pa nightshade, chifukwa ali ndi matenda omwewo.

Kukonzekera mbewu ndi kubzala

Mbewu zimagulidwa bwino m'masitolo apadera kapena kudzera pa intaneti kuti zitsimikizire kuti zamoyozo ndi zenizeni.

Ndikofunikira! Tomato sakonda nthaka yowawasa ndi zinthu zambiri zokha.

Mukhoza kuyamba kukonzekera mbewu za kubzala mu March.

Ndipo pali njira zingapo zokonzekera:

1. Lembani maola angapo m'madzi ofunda, ndipo muyeso yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate (mphindi 20). Thirani mabokosi kapena chidebe china mu nthaka yogula kapena yokha (nthaka yosakaniza + kompositi kapena humus). Kuzama kwa kuyika mbeu - 1.5-2 masentimita. Madzi, kuphimba ndi filimu ndikuyika m'chipinda ndi kutentha kwa 23-25 ​​° C. Pambuyo pakuyamba mphukira kuchotsa filimuyo. Ikani chidebecho ndi mbande mu malo ozizira, ndipo pamene mukula pang'ono, pitani mu makapu kapena miphika ya peat.
2. Konzani mapulasitiki apakati ndi masentimita 20 ndi kutalika kwa 1-2 masentimita pamwamba pake muyika zigawo zitatu za pepala la chimbudzi. Kuchokera pamphepete mwa masentimita 10, kuchokera pamwamba-1 masentimita, ndi mtunda wa masentimita 5, perekani yankho lothandizira kukula kwa mizu ndi pipette kapena peyala yabala, ndikuyika mbewu 1 pa dontho lililonse. Lembani pepala pang'ono ndikulipukuta zonsezi ndi chitetezo ndi gulu la mphira. Pangani zitsulo muzitsulo zilizonse, kuphimba ndi filimu ndikuyika malo otentha. Pambuyo pa masiku 3-4, pamene mbewu ikulumphika, pindani convolutions ndi kuwaza ndi nthaka (1 masentimita). Tsopano awapangire iwo mu chidebe pansi pa zomwe utuchi amatsanulira (iwo adzalandira chinyezi chowonjezera). Pamwamba imapukuta bwino ndi dothi, kutsanulira, kuphimba ndi phukusi ndikuyika malo otentha. Malo ayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Pamene majeremusi amawoneka pamwamba pa mpukutu, chotsani thumba ndikuyika bokosi pamalo owala bwino. Pambuyo pooneka mapepala angapo, tchire timalowa mu miphika kapena mapepala apulasitiki.

Kawirikawiri, Yablonka Rossii amakula mu mbande, koma kumwera, nthawi zina mbewu zimabzalidwa pamtunda, zomwe, ngati ziyenera, zimaphimbidwa ndi zojambula kapena agrofibre.

Ndikofunikira! Masamba a phwetekere ndi owopsya ndipo amachititsa kuvutika kwa anthu ambiri.

Kusamalira ndi kusamalira

Mbande bwino madzi ndi yankho la phulusa: 1 tsp. 1.5 malita a madzi. Kutentha kwambiri sikuyenera kukhala kuti kusapangidwe kwa "miyendo yakuda". Sankhani miphika yosiyana ikuchitika pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba 4-5.

Masabata 2-3 musanabzala malo omasuka ayenera kuyamba kuumitsa, kubweretsa zomera ku khonde lotseguka kapena pamsewu. Zojambula ziyenera kupeŵa. Pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira (2 theka la mwezi wa May), zomera zakubadwa pafupifupi miyezi iwiri zimabzalidwa m'malo osatha.

Tchire ndi mizu ya Yablonki Rossii ndizochepa, choncho zomera zimayikidwa pamtunda (30 × 50 cm). Mukamabzala mu dzenje mumapanga humus (1 chidebe pa 1 mamita) ndi phulusa (0.5 l pa 1 mamita).

Kusamaliranso kwa zomera ndi motere:

1. Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika mu masabata awiri. Mungagwiritse ntchito feteleza zamalonda omwe ali ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, ndipo mukhoza kupanga phulusa, mullein, kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 5. Pakadutsa katatu pa nyengo, zimalangizidwa kudyetsa yankho la ammonium nitrate (10 g), superphosphate (50 g) ndi potaziyamu kloridi (30 g) kuchepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi. Zovala, "teas" zakonzedwa, pokonzekera zomwe udzu wosiyanasiyana umatsanulira ndi madzi ndi kusungidwa mpaka fungo losasangalatsa likuwoneka. Kwa malita 10 a madzi amagwiritsa ntchito 0,5 malita a tincture. Kusakaniza kwa tomato kunamwetsa masiku 14.
2. Kumwa tomato kuyenera kukhala kosavuta, makamaka kusadzaza. M'nyengo yamvula, kuthirira sikufunika. Madzi akutsanulira pansi pazu, chifukwa tomato sakonda chinyezi pa masamba ndi zipatso.
3. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi ndikofunika kuchotsa namsongole. Kuti zikhale zochepa, nthaka yozungulira tchire imakhala ndi peat, humus kapena udzu wouma. Zidzathandizanso kuteteza chinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuletsa kutayika kwapansi padziko lapansi mutatha kuthirira.
4. Padziko lonse lapansi kumasulidwa. Tomato amayankha bwino ku hilling, yomwe imathandiza kupanga mapangidwe ena.
5. Ngati tchire ndi zipatso zambiri, ndiye kuti sagwa, amangiriridwa. Koma ngati zomera ndi zochepa komanso zolimba (zomwe zimakhala zosiyana siyana ndi "Apple Russia"), ndiye kuti mukhoza kuchita popanda garter.
6. Mbali yodabwitsa ya izi zosiyanasiyana ndi yakuti palibe chofunikira kuti mwana wamwamuna wapabanja akhale.

Matenda ndi kupewa tizilombo

Tomato, monga nightshade onse, amakondwera kwambiri ku Colorado. Pachifukwachi, tchire tiyenera kuyang'anitsitsa, ndipo ngati simukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito "chemistry", tisonkhanitsani akuluakulu aang'ono ndi kudula masamba ndi mphutsi. Kuchokera ku mankhwala njira yopopera mbewu mankhwala alionse ku Colorado mbatata kachilomboka.

Aphid ndi whitefly nawonso akhoza kufesedwa pa tchire la phwetekere. Pachifukwa ichi, zomera zimachizidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa fodya, fumbi kapena tincture wa chitsamba chowawa.

Ndikofunikira! Phytophthora amadabwa tomato nNdi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, unakhuthala landings ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi usana ndi usiku kutentha.

"Jablonka" ndi yosiyana ndi matenda ambiri, koma imakhudzidwa ndi vuto lochedwa.

Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, njira zamagulu ndi zowerengeka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. Kuchokera ku "zowonjezera" kwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito "Epin", "Fitosporin", "Trichopol".
2. Pali njira zambiri zowerengeka. Mukhoza kupopera seramu kapena mkaka mwaukhondo kapena kuthetsa madzi (1:10) + madontho pang'ono a ayodini; fumbi ndi phulusa kapena madzi yankho la yisiti. Pachifukwa ichi, kupopera mbewu iliyonse masiku khumi ndi adyo tincture ndi potaziyamu permanganate (1 chikho minced adyo + 1.5 g potaziyamu permanganate pa 10 malita a madzi) ndi abwino.

Koma pofuna kupewa matendawa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira:

• kuthira mbeu musanayambe njira yothetsera potassium permanganate kwa mphindi 20;
• feteleza ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu;
• Musagwedeze nthaka ndi nyengo yozizira kuti muthe kutsekemera pamwamba pa nthaka m'malo mwa kuthirira.

Kukolola ndi kusungirako

Yablonka Rossiya ndi mitundu yoyamba kucha, ndipo zipatso zakonzedwa m'masiku otsiriza a Julayi - oyambirira August.

Zipatso zimakhala ndi ubwino wambiri ndipo zimakhala zosagonjetsedwa, choncho, pokolola, sizingawonongeke. Pachifukwa ichi, ngati sichimasinthidwanso, akhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali m'chipinda chozizira.

Mukudziwa? Silifi moyo wa tomato udzatha, ngati uwaika ndi zimayambira pansi. Ndipo zipatso zobiriwira zifika posachedwa, ngati muzisunga pamodzi ndi maapulo.

Mitengo yotsalira yotsalira pa tchire imatha kucha. Iwo amasungidwa pansi, pawindo ndi ngakhale mufiriji. Koma kumbukirani kuti kutentha kotsika kumawononga khalidwe ndi kukoma kwa chipatso.

Kutanthauzidwa kuchokera ku "phwetekere" ku Italy kumatanthauza "apulo wa golidi". Kotero zosiyana zathu ziri ndi dzina lophiphiritsira. Ali ndi othandizira ambiri, koma palinso otsutsa omwe amanena kuti zosiyanasiyana ndi zakale (ali ndi zaka zoposa 20), zipatsozo ndizochepa ndipo sizimakonda aliyense.

Koma tili otsimikiza kuti pali okondedwa ambiri a Yablonki. Bzalani phwetekereyi ndipo mudzachikonda ndithu. Kukolola bwino ndi chilakolako chabwino cha bonona!