Nkhunda ya ku Germany imabereka amonke a mtanda

Nkhunda ndi mbalame zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi munthu kwa zaka zikwi zambiri. Poyamba, anthu amawasunga kuti adye chakudya, ndiye mbalame zinapeza zigawo zina zogwiritsiridwa ntchito, ndipo zinayamba kubzalidwa osati zokhazokha, komanso zosangalatsa zokondweretsa. Lero tikambirana za kalembedwe ka Chijeremani ya amonke a mtanda, komanso mbiri ya maonekedwe awo ndi maonekedwe awo.

Zamkatimu:

• Chibadwa cha makhalidwe
• Maonekedwe
• Makhalidwe
• Mmene mungasiyanitse choyera
• Zochitika Zokhudzana
• Zinthu zakuthupi
• Zimene mungadye

Chiyambi

M'zaka za zana la 17, mtundu unabzalidwa ku Germany, wokhala ndi mtanda pamapiko ake owonetseredwa paulendo. Nkhunda zimenezi zimatchedwa amonke. Pambuyo pake, mawu oti "mtanda" adawonjezedwa.

Ndikofunikira! Poyamba, mtunduwo unatengedwa ngati gonnoy, yomwe inagwira nawo mbalame zobisala pamitengo ya nkhuni. Kuti achite izi, amonkewa ankayenera kuphunzitsa nthawi zonse.

Ntchito ya obereketsa yotchedwa lalikulu, kudziko lakwawo ili ndi ziwonetsero zomwe obereketsa amasonyeza ziweto zawo. Lero ndi zovuta kupeza amtundu wopanda magazi, izi zinachitika chifukwa cha misala yambiri ndi mitundu ina pofuna kukonza zizindikiro zina.

Chibadwa cha makhalidwe

Amonkewa ndi mtundu wokondweretsa, womwe umagawidwa mu mitundu: Moscow ndi German. Kupatula mtundu wa nthenga, palibe kusiyana pakati pawo.

Pezani nthenda zomwe mungapeze ndi nkhunda, kupeza njiwa ya njiwa, njiwa zingati zakhala pa mazira, chifukwa chiyani nkhunda zimayenda pamene zikuyenda, komanso nkhunda zimakhala bwanji kunja ndi kunyumba.

Poyamba, mtundu waukuluwo ndi woyera, pamwamba pa mutu ndi mchira ndizojambula mu mtundu wosiyana, m'Chijeremani thupi ndi loyera, koma mosiyana ndi zomwe zapitazo, mapeto a mapiko ndi mchira amajambula mu mtundu wosiyana. Komabe, akatswiri amawaona ngati ma subspecies osiyana. Taganizirani zosiyana za mtundu uwu wa njiwa.

Maonekedwe

Maonekedwe ofanana a mtundu weniweni ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

1. Kuthamanga - kuwala. Mtundu wa mchira ndi kapu ukhoza kukhala wachikasu, khofi kapena wakuda. Ambiri omwe amaimira abambo ayenera kukhala oyera.
2. Thupi - lalikulu, kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 35, pamene imakhala yochepa kwambiri ndipo imayendetsedwa patsogolo.
3. Mutu - mawonekedwe ozungulira, pamphumi - kutsetsereka. Pakati pa makutu pali tuft ya nthenga zambiri.
4. Khosi - kutalika kwautali. Pafupi ndi mutu ndi wochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi mapewa.
5. Chifuwa - kwambiri, pafupifupi 24 cm mu girth.
6. Kumbuyo kumachepa, kusintha kwa mchira kuli pafupi.
7. Maso - kukula kwake. Mwanayo ndi wakuda, maso ake ali obiriwira.
8. Beak - ngakhale kukula pang'ono, kutalika kwake - osapitirira 16 mm.
9. Mapiko kukanikizidwa ku thupi ndi nthawi yaitali, koma mapeto samagwa pansi pa mchira.
10. Mchira ili ndi nthenga 12, mmaonekedwe - apansi.
11. Mapazi - opanda nthenga, zofiira, ndi zidutswa zowala.

Nkhunda, zomwe ziri zosiyana zooneka kuchokera ku mawonekedwe a mitundu yonse, sizinthu zopangidwa ndi amonke.

Mukudziwa? Ku Babulo wakale, komanso ku Asuri, nkhunda inali mbalame, kuimira ufumu.

Makhalidwe

Mitengo ya mtanda siimakonda kuuluka pamwamba ndi kutalika, imakonda kukhala pamadenga, pamene imakhala pafupi kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti mbalamezi ndizozikuza ndizolemekezeka, zimapatsidwa chikhalidwe chokondana komanso chaubwenzi.

Odyetsa azindikira kuti njiwa zimakonda kuitana abwera ku nkhosa zawo. Kuti achite izi, amawulukira kwa iwo ndikudumphira pozungulira - chifukwa cha zochita zoterozo, mphunzitsi amaphatikiza nawo ndipo amakhala membala wa paketiyo.

Mmene mungasiyanitse choyera

Ngakhale kuti anthu wamba sanyalanyaza zinthu zing'onozing'ono pa maonekedwe a mbalame zina, abambo olimbikitsa amadziwa bwino momwe angasiyanitsire woyimira bwino kuona zolakwa zonse kamodzi. Taganizirani zomwe olemekezeka amanyazi amaonedwa kuti ndi ochepa:

• mdima;
• pa nthenga za mchira wa mthunzi wowala;
• mapiko a kutalika kwake;
• Mlomo wamfupi kuposa 15 mm;
• mawere akuwoneka.

Dzidziŵe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalame zam'mlengalenga, nkhalango ndi nkhunda, komanso mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njiwa.

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimayesedwa ndi zonse zomwe sizili zofanana ndi mtundu wobadwa:

• kusowa kwachilengedwe kapena nthiti zake zosawerengeka;
• mchira mdima;
• thupi;
• Kukhalapo kwa nthenga pamapazi;
• Mtundu wa maonekedwe opanda malire omveka;
• kukhalapo kwa mikwingwirima yoyera pamutu;
• mutu waukulu;
• mulomo wandiweyani.

Mbalame, zomwe ziri ndi zina mwazimene zatchulidwa pamwambapa, sizingathe kutenga nawo mbali muzisonyezo ngati oimira mtundu wa amonke a mtanda.

Zochitika Zokhudzana

Mbalame zamtundu uwu zimakhala zosasamala m'masamaliro awo ndipo zimasintha mosavuta kupita ku ukapolo. Nkofunika kuti njiwa zikhale ndi kuwala kokwanira, mpweya, komanso zikhale zoyera komanso zotetezeka.

Ndikofunikira! Amonkewa ndi mbalame zoyera zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mwiniwake ndipo ndi okhulupirika kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, aonjezera maudindo a makolo, amatha kusamaliranso nthanga zina za mitundu ina.

Pa nthawi yomweyi, munthu aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi malo opumula kapena kubwezera anawo.

Zinthu zakuthupi

Sitiyenera kukhala ndi magalasi mkati mwa nyumba ya nkhunda, mbalame ziyenera kukhala ndi ufulu wonse woyendayenda. Popeza njiwa zili zoyera, amafunika kuyeretsa mwakhama nyumba ya nkhunda komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Phunzirani momwe mungamangire dovecote ndi manja anu.

Pa nthawi yokolola, nkofunika kutsuka bwino malo opumira, komanso zikhomo ndi odyetsa kuchokera ku chakudya chotsalira. Disinfection nthawi zambiri imakhala 1 nthawi pa mwezi. Pa nthawiyi, mbalamezi zimachotsedwa m'nyumba ya nkhunda ndipo zimatha kusamalira malo onse ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kenako chipinda chimakhala ndi mpweya wabwino.

Zimene mungadye

Mitundu ya mtanda ndi omnivores. Nkofunika kuti chakudya chawo chikhale choyenera, koma pokhapokha njiwa sizidzadwala ndikukhalabe olimba.

Zakudya za mbalame za mtundu uwu zimakhala ndi chakudya chotsatira:

1. Oats ndi balere. Ali ndi mitsempha yambiri, yomwe imakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya mmimba.
2. Mbewu Momwe thupi limakhudzidwira, pomwe limaposa chakudya china.
3. Lentils Gwero la mapuloteni omera.
4. Pembedzani ndi kutambasula. Bweretsani mlingo wa amino acid ndi mafuta mu thupi.
5. Millet. Ali ndi mavitamini ambiri oyenerera mbalame.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetse nkhunda ndi njiwa, komanso mavitamini kuti ndi bwino kupereka njiwa.

Ndi bwino kuwonjezera mafuta a nsomba pa mlingo wa 10 ml pa 1 kg ya chakudya. Pambuyo pa mkaka wa goiter, makanda amapatsidwa tirigu wothira madzi nthawi yoyamba.

Video: momwe angadyetse ndi kuthirira nkhunda Ngakhale kuti n'zovuta kukumana ndi amonke a masiku ano, komabe ngati mutakhala ndi cholinga chokongoletsera zokongolazi, mungapeze banja lomwe, ngati likusamalidwa, lidzatha kubala ana, koma kenako lidzakhala gulu lonse.

Mukudziwa? Nkhunda iliyonse imamangidwa kumalo ake, ngakhale mbalame ikatengedwa kupita kwina, idzabwerera kwawo. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti mbalamezi zimagwirizana ndi maginito padziko lapansi.