Pogula akalulu, munthu ayenera kukonzekera mavuto ena, kuphatikizapo matenda otheka. Chimodzi mwazoopsa kwambiri mwazo ndi listeriosis, choyamba chofotokozedwa mu 1892 ndipo chinatchulidwa m'mayiko 56 padziko lapansi. Popeza chithandizo chamankhwalachi sichinayambe, chithandizo chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa kuti chiteteze.
Kodi ndi listeriosis ndi yotani ndi akalulu?
Listeriosis ndi matenda opatsirana a akalulu omwe amatha maola ambiri mpaka masabata angapo ndipo amakhudza machitidwe osiyanasiyana ndi ziwalo za nyama. 
Pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda:
- mantha - mchitidwe wamanjenje wapakati umakhala ndi nkhawa, kutenthedwa ndi kuuma ziwalo;
- septic - Matenda a m'magazi amapezeka ndi malungo, kutupa kwa maselo am'mimba komanso njira zowonongeka;
- zosakaniza - panthawi yomweyi, ntchito zonse za mkati ndi dongosolo la manjenje zimavutika;
- okhulupirira - Zizindikiro zazikulu siziripo, komabe, anthu odwala amanyamula listeriosis.
Ndikofunikira! Kuchiza kwa maselo kapena kusungirako mankhwala ndi njira zoteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mwachitsanzo, formalin kapena caustic soda, kumayambitsa imfa ya listeria bacilli mkati mwa theka la ora.
Pankhani ya subacute listeriosis, chitetezo cha kalulu chimayesetsa kupewa matenda, koma nyama imatha kufa mkati mwa masabata awiri. Ngati matendawa ndi aakulu, kalulu akhoza kupulumuka, koma azimayi amakhalabe opanda phindu.
Wothandizira odwala matendawa
Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha gram-positive polymorphic listeria listeria (Listeria monocytogenes). Amakhalabe amoyo kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo amatha kubereka m'magazi komanso kudyetsa ngakhale kuzizira: mu udzu ndi udzu - pafupi miyezi isanu ndi iwiri, mu zakudya zosakaniza - miyezi isanu ndi iwiri, mkodzo - mpaka chaka, nthaka ndi madzi - mpaka awiri zaka Pankhani iyi, Kutenthetsera kutentha kwa +100 ° C kumapha maminiti asanu. 
Pali njira zingapo za matenda:
- intrauterine - kachilombo ka HIV kamayambitsa ana ake kupyolera mu pulasitiki;
- feedary - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timabwera ndi chakudya ndiyeno kuchokera m'matumbo ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ku ziwalo zina;
- Kupuma - nthendayi imafalikira kupyolera m'magazi;
- molunjika - mawondo amalowa m'thupi kudzera zilonda, zikopa pa khungu kapena malo osungira nyama.
Mukudziwa? M'masiku akale, akalulu amapitidwa mwapadera kuzilumba zomwe zatsala, kotero kuti opulumuka omwe apulumuke angakhale ndi chitsime cha chakudya ndi kuyembekezera bwino chipulumutso.
Gulu la ngozi
Kawirikawiri, anthu amatha kuona izi:
- akalulu akhanda;
- nyama;
- ana oyamwa.
Nthawi yosakaniza ndi zizindikiro
Nthawi yowonjezera matendawa ndi masiku 7-30, zimadalira chitetezo cha nyama komanso vuto la bakiteriya. Zizindikiro zimasiyana malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa matenda. Ngati mphenje ilipo panopa, alibe nthawi yoti iwonetsedwe, chifukwa nyama imfa mwamsanga.
Maonekedwe ovuta komanso osagwirizana nawo amadziwika ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- zamakhalidwe, zofooka, zosasamala;
- kusowa chilakolako, kulemetsa;
- kudzikweza, kutsegula m'mimba;
- kutentha kwa thupi - mpaka +40 ° С;
- kusiya mmutu;
- kunjenjemera, kukhumudwa ndi ziwalo za miyendo;
- zochotsa mimba mwazimayi.
Kusanthula ndi kusintha kwa matenda
Chidziwitsochi chimakhazikitsidwa molingana ndi zizindikiro zofanana, chidziwitso cha matenda komanso zotsatira za mayesero. Magazi kapena seramu yake amatumizidwa ku phunziro, ndipo pambuyo pa imfa ya zinyama, zitsanzo za chiwindi, mapapo, impso, mpeni, mtima kapena ubongo zimatumizidwa. Kuchuluka kwa kalulu wokhudzana ndi kugonana kwenikweni kumatenga chiberekero ndi zomwe zili mkati mwake. Pa zomwe analandira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa ndipo causative wothandizila wa listeriosis ndipatali.
Ngati simukukayikira, bioprobes imachitidwa ndi mbewa zoyera, nkhumba zamphongo kapena akalulu abwino. Ngati ndi kotheka, yambitsani matendawa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamagulu amphamvu a luminescent. Kuyezetsa magazi kumaphatikizidwa kuti azindikire matenda oopsa.
Mukudziwa? Nthanga yaying'ono kwambiri ya akalulu amatchedwa rabgmy rabbit kapena Little Idaho. Munthu wamkulu wamtundu uwu saliposa 450 g, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi kwake ndi 22-25 cm basi.
Kufufuza kwa chifuwa cha nyama zakufa mwa mtundu wamanjenje wa matendawa kumasonyeza kutupa ndi kutaya magazi mu ubongo ndi ziwalo zina. Mu mawonekedwe a septic, pali matenda ndi mpweya wa mapapo a mapapo, kutupa kwa mucous nembidzi, kupwetekedwa kwa mtima, kukulitsa kwa ntchentche ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha, matenda a chiwindi, chiwindi, impso ndi myocardium. 
Kusinthika kwakukulu kwambiri kumapezeka mthupi la nyama. Akalulu ali ndi endometritis kapena metritis, kuphulika ndi kutukusira kwa mucous pamwamba. Zipatso zamadzimadzi zosalala ndi zovunda zimapezeka m'mimba mwa amayi oyamwa.
Kodi n'zotheka kuchiza
Mwamwayi, lero palibe njira zothandizira matendawa, choncho, nyama zowonongeka zimangowonongeka ndi kutenthedwa kuti zisafalikire kufalikira kwa matendawa. Kuwonjezera apo, akalulu samakhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri, ndipo kafukufuku wawo amakula mofulumira.
Odwala kapena omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ayenera kuchotsedwa msangamsanga, ndipo maselo amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala a formalin, caustic soda kapena moto kuchokera ku blowtorch, komanso kuti anthu otsala ayambe kuyang'anitsitsa.
Phunzirani momwe mungachiritse matenda a kalulu komanso ngati akuwopsyeza thanzi laumunthu.
Kodi n'zotheka kudya nyama ya kalulu wodwala
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zonyansa zosamalidwa ndi akalulu odwala listeriosis ndi chakuti munthu wotere amakhalabe chithandizo cha matendawa ndipo amachititsa kuti anthu asatenge kachilombo ka HIV, choncho amaletsedwa kudya nyama ya odwala ndi odwala matenda.
Ndikofunikira! Choopsa chachikulu cha matendawa ndi chakuti chikhoza kuwononga zotsatira za anthu - encephalitis ndi meningoencephalitis. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, njira zothandizira ziyenera kupatsidwa chidwi chachikulu.
Njira zothandizira
Monga njira yothandizira, akalulu amatemera katemera wochuluka wamoyo wodwalayo. Chitetezo choteteza chitetezo chimayamba kugwira ntchito patapita masabata 1.5-2 pambuyo pa katemera ndikukhala kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ngakhale kuti katemera sichiloledwa, komabe ngati matendawa akufalikira m'mapulasi oyandikana nawo, ndi bwino katemera nyama. 
Zotsutsana ndi listeriosis:
- kuvomerezedwa kwa masiku 30 kwa nyama zatsopano;
- kuyendera zinyama tsiku ndi tsiku;
- kuwonetsa nthawi zonse chakudya;
- kuyeretsa kawirikawiri ndi kupeweratu maselo, zipangizo ndi chipinda chonse;
- chiwonongeko cha makoswe, nkhupakupa ndi tizilombo tina tiyamwa magazi;
- mayesero a ma laboratori omwe amawatenga makoswe a listeriosis;
- kulingalira mosamala za kuchotsa mimba ndi kubereka;
- kuyang'ana akalulu musanatengere ku minda ina;
- kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoteteza ndi ogwira ntchito - masikiti, magolovesi, ndi zovala zowonjezera.
Werengani momwe mungasamalire akalulu komanso momwe mungadyetse.
Kotero, tsopano mukudziwa momwe dokotala aliri woopsa. Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV, muyenera kutaya chinyama nthawi yomweyo ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti musataye ziweto zonse. Kokha kukumbukira nthawi zonse zothandizira kudzateteza kuti akalulu azitha kulimbana ndi matenda omwe angathe.
