Madzi m'munda, ngakhale ang'onoang'ono, akhoza kukhala okongola. Koma chifukwa cha izi sikokwanira kukhalapo kwa dziwe lokongoletsera. Nyanja yoteroyo iyenera kukonzedweratu, kuphatikizapo kubzala zomera zam'madzi.
Mmodzi mwa zomera zimenezi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo, ndi mathithi.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Mamembala a Bolotnik (Callítriche), omwe amatchedwanso "nyenyezi zamadzi", ndi a m'banja la Podorozhnikov. Mitundu iyi imaphatikizapo mitundu 63 ya zomera zosatha komanso zapachaka, zomwe zimakula m'madzi, zimagawidwa pang'ono kapena kumizidwa m'madzi.
Komabe, palinso mitundu yomwe imafalikira pansi. M'mawonekedwe a malo, mitundu ya madzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, nkhono (Callitriche palustris), kapena wamba. Tidzakambirana izi mwatsatanetsatane.
Dzidziwireni ndi malamulo a chisamaliro ndi kusankha zomera za m'madzi, komanso ndi khumi ndi awiri a zomera zabwino kwambiri pa dziwe.
Madzi oterewa osapitirira masentimita 3 mpaka 50, amapanga rosettes oyandama ya masamba ndi maluwa. Mukamayanika, madzi osadzika amapanga mawonekedwe a nthaka ndi zokwawa zowonongeka komanso masamba ophwanyika kapena osakanikirana. Gawo la pansi pa madzi la nkhumba lili ndi masamba osandulika a mawonekedwe a mzere kapena osakanikirana. 
Masamba a pamwambawa ndi ofiira, okongola, kapena ovate, nthawi zambiri pozungulira, kupanga nyenyezi zokongola kwambiri. Kukula m'malo ozama kwambiri, zomera sizikhoza kufika pamwamba.
Mukudziwa? Chimera chachikulu kwambiri cha m'madzi chokhala ndi masamba oyandama ndi Victoria, wa m'banja la Nymphaeaceae ndipo akukula ku Amazon. Masamba ake amafika mamita atatu m'mimba mwake ndipo amatha kupirira makilogalamu 50.Maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono, obiriwira, ovuta kusiyanitsa mtundu wonse, mpaka masentimita awiri. Amamera kuyambira May mpaka September. Iwo ali mungu wochokera ndi madzi. Zipatso ndi mabokosi ofiira obiriwira omwe ali ndi mbewu.
Habita ndi malo
Chomeracho chikufalikira kwambiri. M'chilengedwe, amapezeka ku Ulaya konse, m'madera otentha a nyengo ya Asia, m'madera omwewo a North America.
Nkhumba imakula nthawi zambiri m'madzi osalimba a m'nyanja, m'madziwe, ndi ming'ombe, komanso pamtunda wambiri. Kutsika kwake kwakukulu ndi pafupifupi 20-30 masentimita. Pamene msinkhu wa madzi mu madontho a zitsime, mtsinje wa marsh udzasandulika mawonekedwe a nthaka. 
Kukula
Mbeu za nkhumba zimatha kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera kapena kulamulidwa ndi makalata. Sakusowa kukonza kapena kumera kulikonse asanabzala.
Mbewu zabwino zimabzalidwa mwamsanga mutagula, chifukwa popanda chinyezi, samakhala ndi moyo nthawi yaitali. Zikhoza kusungidwa kwa kanthawi, ndipo zimangobwereka muchitetezo ndi nthaka yonyowa.
Popeza nkhumba imakhala yozizira kwambiri, zimaloledwa kubzala mbewuzo m'chaka pamene gombelo liri lopanda madzi.
Kufika kovuta kumakhala kosavuta:
- Chidebe chodzala chimadzazidwa ndi nthaka (loam ndi yoyenera).
- Mbewu imabzalidwa pansi, ndikuikidwa m'manda pang'ono.
- Chidebe chokhala ndi mbeu yobzalidwa chimaikidwa pansi pa malo osungiramo madzi, kutseka osachepera 30 cm (kubzalidwa pa kuya kwa mbeu kudzawoneka kokongola kwambiri).
Ndikofunikira! Mukamabzala nkhumba, mutha kupanga nyemba ndipo mumabzala mbewu kumalo osungiramo madzi kapena kumalo ozizira a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndikukumba pansi kuti mbalame zisayende kapena kuziwaza.
Chisamaliro
Bolotnik akukula mu dziwe lokongola sasowa chisamaliro chapadera. Mutabzala, chomerachi chimachulukitsa pozifesa, ndi mungu wochokera m'madzi.
Pakapita nthawi, nkhumba ikhoza kukula kwambiri, ndiye kuti iyenera kukhala yochepa kwambiri. Iye samasowa mikhalidwe yapadera ya madzi; iye amakula bwino kwambiri m'nyanja yamba, yomwe imatsukidwa ngati n'kofunikira.
Nthawi zina chomerachi chimakula mumtambo wa aquarium kapena muzitsulo zilizonse zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi dothi la 5-7 masentimita ndi madzi okwanira 20-25 masentimita. Mmenemo, chidebecho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja.
Kuti chikhale chitukuko choyenera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika malo a dzuwa kapena mthunzi wache. Nthaŵi zambiri, makamaka pamasiku otentha, m'pofunika kuwonjezera madzi osungunuka otentha m'kati mwa tangi.
Ndikofunikira! Mlimi wodzala mumtsinje wa aquarium amafunika kukhalabe m'madzi. Ndi njira iyi yakukula, zomera zotsalira madzi zimangomwalira mwamsanga.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Bolotnik sagonjetsedwa osati kuzizira, komanso matenda. Matenda a chilengedwe sichidziwika. 
Komabe, mungakumane ndi mavuto ngati awa:
- Zitha kuwonongeka chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu kwa mitundu ina ya zinyama zobiriwira zamagetsi. Kukula koteroko kumapangitsa kuti madzi aziphuka, kuphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwa carbon dioxide ndi mankhwala owonongeka a poizoni. Komabe, pokhala malo okwanira (pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a pamwamba), oimira mapiri a m'nyanja, monga maluwa a madzi, amagwedeza ndi nkhumba zomwezo, maluwa samatha.
- Madzi otchedwa cryototopus akhoza kuika mazira pa masamba a chomera. Mphutsi yothamanga amadya minofu yofewa ya zomera. Amalimbana ndi vutoli powononga zomera zowonongeka, komanso pogwiritsa ntchito misampha ya udzudzu.
- Othawa amatha kukhala nkhono monga zida zamadzi. Kawirikawiri amadya zinyalala zomwe zimapezeka pansi, koma atakula mochuluka, zomera zamoyo zimayamba kudya. Pankhaniyi, kuti athe kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu, amasonkhanitsa nkhono.
Mukudziwa? Nkhumba yomwe ikukula mu chilengedwe ndi yofunikira kwambiri m'masodzi. Mitengo yake imakhala malo othawirako amitundu ang'onoang'ono a m'nyanja ndi mphutsi zawo, zimateteza mwachangu kuzilombo zabwino kwambiri. Pamalo amodzi nsomba zimaika mazira. Nkhungu ya bogger yomwe imatengedwa panthawi yoyeretsa madzi imatha kukhala feteleza abwino kwambiri.
Kuswana
Njira yosakanikirana yobzala mbewu imeneyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. 
Kuti muchite izi, chitani zotsatirazi:
- Dulani mbali ya tsinde kuchokera ku msamba wa mayi.
- Dulani mzere wa mphukira m'munsi mwawo.
- Onetsetsani katunduyo kuchokera pansipa.
- Dothi lopangidwa motero limayikidwa m'madzi.
Phunzirani momwe mungasamalire wauttuynia wooneka ngati mtima, nymph, eyhorniya.Kuwonjezera pa njira ya vegetative, mtundu uwu umabereka ndi mbewu, popanda munthu kulowerera. Nkhumba yakucha yakhuta imagwa m'magawo anayi, ndipo iliyonse imakhala ndi mbewu. Mbalizi zimanyamula madzi m'mphepete mwa gombe, ndipo kamodzi pansi, amatha kuthawa.
Monga mukuonera, nkhumba ndi chinthu chokongola kwambiri chokhazikitsira dziwe la kukongoletsera. Chomera ichi ndi chodzichepetsa kwambiri, cholimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, komabe, kuwonjezera pa zokongoletsera ntchito, zimapanga kupanga mapangidwe a biocenosis mu gombe. Chisamaliro chonse chiri mu kuperewera kwa periodic kwa msana ndi mkaka.
