Iberis ndi maluwa otulutsa zitsamba wobiriwira ku Mediterranean. Ndi ya banja la Cruciferous ndipo imayimiridwa ndi zitsamba zapachaka za thermophilic ndi zitsamba zosatha chisanu. Iberis ikhoza kupezekanso pansi pa mayina "stennik" ndi "heterosexual". Pak maluwa, mphukira zobiriwira zowirira zimakutidwa ndi chipewa cha maambulela inflorescence. Zomera zimakongoletsa bwino dimba ndi masitepe, ndikumadzaza mpweya ndi fungo lokoma la uchi. Chifukwa cha kukongola kwake komanso chisamaliro chake, Iberis ndiyotchuka pakati pa alimi. Iwo omwe sanamverebe duwa ili ayenera kuyang'anabe.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Iberis ndi mbewu yosatha komanso chaka chilichonse yokhala ndi ndodo. Mapulogalamu olondola kapena ogona amakhala okutidwa ndi masamba ndipo amapanga utoto wakuda bii 25-25 masentimita.Maso obiriwira kapena masamba obiriwira opanda masamba amakhalanso pa tsinde. Kutalika kwake, ali ndi masentimita 4 mpaka 7.
Mu Juni-Julayi, ndipo nthawi zina mu nthawi ya masika, nsonga zam'mphepete mwake zimaphukira mpaka masentimita 5. Zimakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mainchesi 1-1.5. . Pakatikati pa duwa ndi chikasu chowoneka bwino ndipo chimakhala ndi mafupikitsa koma tinthu tambiri tambiri tambiri tambiri. Maluwa a Iberis ndi ochulukirapo mwakuti nthawi imeneyi mbewu zimafananizidwa ndi mitambo kapena chipale chofewa. Imaphatikizidwanso ndi fungo labwino. Chomera ndi uchi wabwino kwambiri. Pambuyo kupukutira, nyemba zazing'ono zopereka ndi masamba awiri zipse. Mkati mwake muli njere zazing'ono zofiirira.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yokongoletsera
Mitundu Iberis ili ndi mitundu yopitilira 30 ya mbewu. Kuphatikiza apo, obereketsa adabzala mitundu yambiri yokongoletsera, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wopanga zachilendo m'mundamo.
Iberis nthawi zonse amakhala. Shrub ya perennial imakhala kumwera kwa Europe ndi Asia Minor. Kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Masamba obiriwira amtundu wokhazikika amapezeka m'litali lonse la tsinde. Kukula kwa tsamba limodzi lokhala ndi masamba osapitirira masentimita 7. Mu June, ma ambulera ambiri amatulutsa maluwa. Duwa lamtunduwo limakhala pafupifupi masentimita 1.5. Ngati mutadula maluwa opuwala, ndiye kuti pakati pa Ogasiti adzaphukanso. Mitundu yokongoletsa:
- Little Jam - chivundikiro chimatalika mpaka 12 cm, chimamasuwa maluwa oyera oyera;
- Chipale chofewa - makatani amdima obiriwira okwanira 20-25 cm komanso mpaka masentimita 45 ndi maluwa oyera.
Iberis ndi ambulera. Pazaka zophuka zamtunduwu zimamera masentimita 40 kutalika. Amakutidwa ndi khungwa losalala labulidi komanso masamba pang'ono. Mu June, maluwa ochulukirapo a corymbose amakhala ndi maluwa oundana oyera ngati maluwa. Amachita maluwa kwa miyezi yopitilira iwiri. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Red Rash - shrub wokhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi 30 cm wokutidwa ndi carmine-red inflorescences;
- Pinki Loto - maluwa angapo owala oyera a pinki amatuluka pamwamba pa chowombera chobiriwira chakuda chamdima, chomera chosagwira ozizira ichi chimalephera kuzizira kwakanthawi kochepa.
Iberis Gibraltarsky. Chomera chobiriwira cham'madzi chokhala wopanda wandiweyani, cham'mera chomera sichikhala ndi mphukira. Amakutidwa ndi masamba achilendo a lanceolate. Pamwambapa amakongoletsedwa ndi ma inflorescence apinki kapena oyera. Zomera ndizoyenera malo a miyala. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi "Pipi Tuft". Kumayambiriro kwa maluwa, chitsamba chimakutidwa ndi chipewa chamaluwa a lilac, koma pang'onopang'ono matuwa amayala ndikuyamba kuyera.
Iberis ndi miyala. Chomera chobiriwira chotalika mpaka 15 masentimita chimayamba kuphuka kale kumapeto kwa Epulo. Maluwa amasungidwa kwa miyezi 1-1.5. Munthawi imeneyi, chivundikiro pansi chomwe chimayala chimakutidwa ndi kansalu kakang'ono ka pinki kapena chipewa choyera chamaluwa. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Pygmaea ndiwofunda mpaka 10 cm wamtali ndi maluwa oyera ang'ono;
- Weiss Riesen - chitsamba chopingasa 30cm chotalika chimakutidwa ndi inflorescence yoyera;
- Hyacinthin Blutig Riesen - chomera chokhala ndi maluwa owala a lilac.
Kukula ndi kubzala Iberis
Nthawi zambiri Iberis imamera chifukwa cha nthangala, pomwe mitundu yosatha imatha kufalikira. Mbewu zofesedwa mwachangu panthaka kapena m'mbuyomu mbande. Maluwa nthawi zambiri amayamba miyezi iwiri itatu itatuluka. Potseguka, mbewu zofesedwa mkati mwa Epulo. Kuti maluwa atalike, wamaluwa amaphunzitsa kufesa magawo angapo ndi masabata atatu. Kenako, maluwa oyamba maluwa adzasinthidwa ndi mbewu zamtsogolo. Muyenera kusankha malo owala bwino, otseguka ndi dothi lachonde, lotayirira. Mbewu zimagawanidwa mofananamo m'masamba osaya ndikumwazidwa ndi lapansi. Ngati ndi kotheka, thirirani nthaka. Mphukira zikaoneka, zimadulidwa kuti mtunda pakati pa mbewu ndi 12-15 cm.
Ma crates osachepera ndi mchenga ndi peat nthaka amakonzekera kulima mmera. Mbewu zing'onozing'ono zimagawidwa pamtunda ndikusakanizidwa ndi zolembedwa. Kuwaza pamwamba sikofunikira. Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi galasi ndikuyikidwa pamalo abwino, otentha (+ 15 ... + 18 ° C). Nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kupukusa ndi kupopera mbewu. Kuwombera kumawonekera mkati mwa masabata a 1-4. Kuchokera pakadali pano, phukusi limachotsedwa. Zomera zazikulu zimayimbira mumiphika osiyana.
Mbande zibzalidwe panthaka pakati pa Meyi, pomwe ngozi ya chisanu usiku imatha. Kummwera, mutha kuchita izi kale. Nthaka iyenera kuthiridwa bwino, loamy kapena sandy loam. Nthaka zokonda mosalowerera ndale kapena zamchere. Ngati ndi kotheka, laimu imawonjezeredwa pansi. Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kuti musawononge ma rhizomes osalimba a Iberis. Mtunda pakati pa mbewu umatengera mitundu ndipo ndi 15-25 cm. Simufunikanso kukulitsa khosi mizu. Kenako dothi limapunthidwa ndikuthiriridwa madzi osamala.
Tchire lalikulupo, lalitali kwambiri kumayambiriro kwamasika litha kugawidwa m'magawo angapo. Pachifukwa ichi, mbewuyo imakumbidwa ndikudula pansi. Nthawi yomweyo bzala Delenki m'nthaka.
M'nyengo yotentha, kudula apical kumatha kudulidwa ndikuzika mizu. Kuti muchite izi, dulani mphukira 8-10 cm ndi mizu yonyowa nthaka pansi pa hood. Pomwe mphukira zazing'ono zimayamba kuwonekera, malo ogona amachotsedwa, ndipo mbewu zokhala ndi mtanda waukulu wapadziko lapansi zimasinthidwa kukhala malo okhazikika. Kugona mphukira pakumera kumapereka mizu, ikhoza kudzipatula ndikabzala m'malo yatsopano nthawi yonse yotentha.
Kusamalira Kunja
Iberis ndi chomera chosasangalatsa chomwe chimakula bwino ngakhale ndi wamaluwa aulesi. Afunika kusankha malo otseguka komanso owala. Ngakhale mumthunzi wocheperako, maluwa amatuluka ochulukirapo. Chomera chimalekerera kukonzekera komanso kuzizira kwa nthawi.
Iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi pang'ono kuti madzi asadzikundikire kumizu. Mu nyengo yamvula, kumakhala kugwa kwamvula yachilengedwe. Iberis manyowa kawiri kapena katatu pachaka. Zipangizo zovuta za mineral monga Kemer ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mutha kudyetsanso maluwa ndi njira ya Mullein.
Pomaliza maluwa, nsonga za mphukira ziyenera kudulidwa. Tsamba lokongola kwambiri limakhala lokongola bwino, lotikumbutsa udzu wokhazikika. Kumapeto kwa njirizi masamba atsopano amakhala ndi nthawi yopanga, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mu Ogasiti, maluwa obwereza amathekanso.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Pa dothi lolemera kwambiri komanso lonyowa, Iberis ali ndi matenda a fungus. Ngati nthumwi zina za banja la Cruciferous zidamera pamalowo kale, mwayi woyipitsidwa ndi dothi ndi kabichi keel ndi wokwera. Imakhala pansi zaka zingapo ndipo imavulaza mizu. Musanabzale, ndikofunikira kuchititsa chithandizo cha dothi ndi fungicide.
Mwa tizirombo, Iberis amathanso kukhudzidwa ndi mealybugs, ntchentche zadothi ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Mabowo ndi ma punctures atawonekera pamasamba, pamafunika kuchitira tizirombo toyambitsa matenda (Aktara, Fitoverm, Mospilan).
Kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu
Iberis ndi wabwino pagululo pamiyala, m'matanthwe ndi m'mapiri a mapiri a Alpine. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kukongoletsa malire, komanso mumtsuko - pamakonde. Masamba a Iberis oyenda bwino amawoneka bwino pazambiri za conifers. M'munda wamaluwa amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi mabelu, gazania, phlox, marigolds.
Ma inflorescence pamitengo yayitali, yokhala ndi mitundu yayitali, amatha kudulidwa kuti apange maluwa. Mu vaseti, adzaimirira masiku 7-10. M'mayiko ena, mphukira zazing'ono zimadyedwa. Ndizotsekemera ndipo ndizofanana ndi broccoli.
