Kulemera kwa kavalo ndi chizindikiro chofunika kwambiri cha thanzi labwino ndi bwino, chifukwa nambala zochepa komanso zazikulu zimakhala zovuta kulankhula za ubwino wa zinyama ndi ntchito yachibadwa ya ziwalo zake zonse. Tiyeni tipeze kuti ndi chiwerengero chiti chomwe chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa, ndipo lingaliro la "chizolowezi" limatanthauza chiani.
Zamkatimu:
- Mlingo wa mafuta a nyama, malingana ndi malo omwe akupita
- Zosakhutiritsa mafuta
- Masewera kapena maphunziro
- Kugwira ntchito
- Factory
- Chiwonetsero
- Kulemera kwa kavalo pa tebulo
- Momwe mungadziwire kulemera kwa kavalo, ngati palibe zolemera
- Tepi yapadera
- Malinga ndi njira ya Motorina
- Malingana ndi njira Dyurst
- Kulemera kwakukulu: mahatchi apamwamba
Avereji kulemera kwa kavalo wamkulu
Malinga ndi mtundu wamtundu ndi zikhalidwe za ukaidi, kulemera kwa akavalo akuluakulu kumatha kusiyana pakati pa malire. Kawirikawiri, pali magulu akuluakulu:
- nyama zowoneka - mpaka makilogalamu 400;
- oimira a pakati - 400-600 makilogalamu;
- mahatchi olemera - kuposa makilogalamu 600;
- Pakati pa 200 kg - pony.
Mukudziwa? Tanthauzo lafupi kwambiri la kavalo ndi "yk", limene limagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi ma nomads of Inner Mongolia kuti asankhe nyama iyi.
Mlingo wa mafuta a nyama, malingana ndi malo omwe akupita
Mafuta otsika kwambiri a kavalo samasonyeza nthawi zonse mavuto ake. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta a nyama kumadalira makamaka cholinga chomwe chimasungidwira, kotero, n'zotheka kuyesa kavalo ka kavalo kokha ndi nkhani yake.
Phunzirani momwe mungabwerere akavalo kunyumba.
Zosakhutiritsa mafuta
Mafuta osakhutitsidwa kawirikawiri amakhala ndi nyama zomwe zimasungidwa ndi eni osasamala ndipo nthawi zonse zimakhala zochepa. Mkhalidwe wawo ukhoza kuwonjezereka ndi ntchito yogwira ntchito mwakhama ndi mankhwala osayenera, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chikwapu nthawi zambiri. Panthawi yomweyi, kuchepa kwa magawo ena a thupi la kavalo kungathe kufotokozedwa ndi matenda kapena ukalamba, koma pazochitika zonsezi mwiniwake akhoza kusintha vuto la ward yake.
Masewera kapena maphunziro
Nyama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa masewera nthawi zonse zimawoneka zochepa, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti ayenera kudyetsedwa bwino. Thupi lawo liyenera kuyang'ana mofanana, ndi kuzungulira moyenera mu chifuwa ndi ntchafu.
Kugwira ntchito
Oimira gululi amadyetsedwa bwino, koma popanda mafuta ambiri. Mafuta ochuluka amangowaletsa kusuntha, ndipo sangathe kupirira bwinobwino ntchito zomwe apatsidwa.
Factory
Osati chakudya choipa ndi akavalo mufakitale. Komabe, magawo awo sayenera kuwaletsa kuti abereke mosavuta ndi kubereka ana, omwe kwenikweni ali nawo.
Chiwonetsero
Poyerekeza ndi oimira magulu akale, zinyamazi zimadziwika ndi mafuta akuluakulu komanso maonekedwe ozungulira, kuphatikizapo ubweya wokongola ndi wowala.
Kulemera kwa kavalo pa tebulo
Zizindikiro za mtundu uliwonse wa nyama ziyenera kukhala maziko a kuyesa magawo ake. N'zosadabwitsa kuti powerenga kulemera kwake kwa kavalo, m'pofunika kuganizira zizindikiro zake zobadwa. Kulemera kwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri imaperekedwa patebulo ndi gulu:
Chiwerengero cha kulemera | Mbewu |
Kuwala (100-400 makilogalamu) | Welsh Flabella Chi Icelandic Scottish |
Zapakatikati (400-600 makilogalamu) | Mezenskaya Oryol trotter German trotter Hatchi yokongola kwambiri Chigwedezo cha French |
Olemera (600-800 makilogalamu) | Friesian Tinker Vladimir heavy truck Zosintha Zogwiritsa Ntchito Suffolk |
Cholemera kwambiri (800-1200 kg) | Shire Percheron Chibwano Clydesdal |
Momwe mungadziwire kulemera kwa kavalo, ngati palibe zolemera
Pamaso pa zolemera, zizindikiro za kavalo wina zimatha kudziwika ndi kulondola kwa gramu, koma vuto ndiloti sizingatheke kugwiritsa ntchito zolemera zazikulu (makamaka magalimoto). Ndizochitika zotsatila kuti njira zotsatirazi za mawerengedwe olemera a kavalo amaperekedwa.
Mukudziwa? A Negros a mafuko a Masai amakhulupirira kuti munthu wakupha ndi kavalo (kapena nyama ina iliyonse) ayenera kupita kumwamba.
Tepi yapadera
Chipangizo choterocho chimakumbukira njira zambiri zomwe zimakumbukira tepi yamakono ya centimeter, koma imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtengo wa kilogalamu, yomwe mungathe kupeza yomweyo kulemera kwake kwa nyama. Pali matepi omwe amapangidwa makamaka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, achinyamata, ma poni, komanso mares ndi ma stallions, kotero pamene mukugula chipangizo chomwecho muyenera kudziwa yemwe muyesa. Ngati mumakhulupirira opanga makinawo, muyeso wolondola pogwiritsira ntchito tepi yapamwamba imakulolani kuti mudziwe anthu ochepa kapena osakwanira, molondola mpaka makilogalamu 10-20 mu njira iliyonse.
Ndikofunikira! Pa akavalo otopa kapena aakulu kwambiri, njira iyi yoyezera si yoyenera.Kuwonjezera apo, chilengedwe chakunja chidzakhudza kuwerengera kolondola kwa kulemera kwa moyo. Zimalangizidwa kuti achite miyeso pa nsanja yapulatifomu, ndi kuyatsa bwino komanso nthawi zonse ndi wothandizira. Musaiwale za malaya a ubweya wa nyama, chifukwa ubweya wobiriwira udzasokoneza kwambiri zotsatirazi mwa njira yayikulu.
Malinga ndi njira ya Motorina
Mchitidwe wotchuka kwambiri padziko lapansiwu umapereka kuwerengera kwa kulemera kwake kwa kavalo aliyense mwa kupeza phindu la nthawi yachisanu ndi chimodzi ya chifuwa cha girst ndi kuperewera kwina kwa 620:
Y = 6 * V - 620
Pankhaniyi, Y ndi kulemera kwa kavalo mu makilogalamu, ndipo V ndi nsalu ya chifuwa chake, poyerekeza ndi masentimita. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi eni eni miyala ndi oimira mabungwe onse ogwira ntchito, ndipo ndizotheka kukhala ndi chidziwitso cha Motorin njira.
Malingana ndi njira Dyurst
Njira ina yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri yomwe imakulolani kuti muzindikire zizindikiro za zolemera za akavalo ndi akavalo abwino. Mwachigawo ichi, chifuwa girth ndichinthu chosiyana, ndipo kuchulukitsa ndi coefficient ya mtundu wina. Motero, chiwerengero cholemera cha oimira miyala yolemetsa bwino chingapezeke mwa kuchulukitsa chidziwitso chopezeka pachifuwa ndi chiwerengero cha 2.7. Pa nthawi yomweyi, pa akavalo olemera kwambiri, phulusa lidzakhala coefficient ya 3.1, ndi heavyweights - 3.5.
Ndikofunikira! Kulondola kwa njira ziwirizi sizingapitirire phindu la 5-10 makilogalamu, choncho zizindikiro zomveka bwino, molondola pa 1 makilogalamu, adzatha kupereka masikelo oyenera okha.
Fomu ya Durst ikuwoneka motere:
P = V * K,
Pamene P ndi kavalo mu kg, V ndi chifuwa girth, ndipo K ndi coefficient yofunikira malinga ndi mtundu.
Kulemera kwakukulu: mahatchi apamwamba
Gulu lirilonse lolemetsa liri ndi omemeza ake omwe amatsenga, amene adatsika m'mbiri monga akavalo olemekezeka kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri mahatchi akuluakulu a Shire ankawoneka kuti ndi aakulu kwambiri, olemera makilogalamu 1,400, kotero n'zosadabwitsa kuti mpaka pano dziko lonse lapansi linali loyimira mtundu umenewu. Iyo inakhazikitsidwa mu zaka zapitazo, pamene zinafika kuti hatchi yotchedwa Samsoni inaposa mzere wa mailosi ndi theka, ndipo kutalika kwake kunali mamita awiri. Komabe, si kale kwambiri, mbiri iyi idathyoledwa ndi kavalo wa ku Belgium dzina lake Big Jack, amene kulemera kwake kunaposa makilogalamu 2600. Nobs wotchuka wotchuka wa ku Australia wotchedwa Nobby, umene, ngakhale kuti uli wolemera makilogalamu 1,300, sungadzitamande pang'ono, umakopeka ndi kutalika kwake - 2.05 mamita.
Werengani zambiri za momwe mungapezere kulemera popanda zolemera.
Monga momwe mukuonera, kulemera kwa akavalo ndilofunika kwambiri kwa kuwunika kwawo ndipo kumakhudza mwachindunji mafuta a nyama. Kuti mahatchi amve bwino, amayenera kudyetsedwa bwino komanso okonzeka bwino, omwe amawonetsedwa kunja kwa maonekedwe ndi ubweya wonyezimira.