Klepper ndi mtundu wa akavalo a Estonia, mtanda pakati pa pony ya Scottish ndi kavalo wamba (Altai, Bashkir kapena trotter). Mitundu yodabwitsa ndi yofala komanso yotchuka ndi obereketsa ambiri okwera akavalo, omwe amadziwika ndi kukula kwake, kutentha kwakukulu komanso kukonda anthu.
Mbiri yakale
Mbalame yamtundu yodziwika kuyambira kale. Makolo a masiku ano ankakhala m'mapiri a kumpoto kwa Estonia, pazilumba za nyanja ya Baltic. Maonekedwe enieni a mahatchi awa sadziwika mpaka lero.
Fufuzani zomwe mitundu yosiyana ya mtundu wa mahatchi ndi: Soviet heavy truck, Treden, Frisian, Andalusian, Karachai, Falabella, Bashkir, Orlov trotter, Appaloosa, Tinker, Altai, Don, Hannover, Terek.Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la XYII, zinyamazi zinayamba kutumizidwa kudziko lakutali, poyamba kumpoto, ndipo kenako zigawo zapakati za Russia, kumene zinayambitsa kwambiri Vyatka, Mezen, ndi mitundu ina.
Zimakhulupirira kuti kumapeto kwa XIX, kumayambiriro kwa zaka mazana asanu ndi awiri (XX), chifukwa cha kusayendetsedwa kosalamulirika ndi mahatchi a Arabia ndi a Finnish, mtunduwo unasintha makhalidwe ake. Mwachindunji ku Estonia, zigawengazo zinagwira nawo ntchito yobereketsa mtundu wa ku Thori.Mukudziwa? Zikuoneka zaka 60 miliyoni zapitazo, akatswiri oyambirira a zakuthambo ochedwa ophippus (kavalo wam'mawa). Iye anali wamng'ono kwambiri: ndi thupi lolemera makilogalamu 5 okha ndi 35 cm kutalika kwake. Eohyppus anali ndi zala zinayi kumbuyo kwake miyendo ndi atatu kumbuyo.
Kufotokozera ndi Zochitika
Chifukwa cha chiyambi chawo, ziphuphu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu ina yotchuka ndi maonekedwe awo ndi chikhalidwe chawo.
Maonekedwe
Kuwonjezera pamtunda wolimba ndi wozungulira, kavalo wa Estonia amadziwika ndi zotsatirazi:
- mutu ndi mphumi;
- khosi lamphamvu;
- Chifuwa chachikulu: Chifuwa girth - 174 cm, metacarpus - 18.7 cm;
- kumbuyo kumbuyo;
- kutalika kwazomera - 135-145 masentimita;
- kulemera kwake kwa stallion ndi 480-490 kg, mares - 450-460 makilogalamu;
- chowoneka, chowala, chobvala pang'ono, maburashi ang'onoang'ono akuwoneka pa miyendo;
- Miyendo yowuma, yamphamvu ndi yowopsya. Nkhumbazo ndizolimba - kavalo akhoza kuchita popanda mahatchi.
Zotsatira
Zokongola kwambiri ndizofiira, karak, buckskin ndi bay. Mahatchi amitundu yosiyanasiyana, lamba wamdima likuwonekera pambuyo.
Makhalidwe
Kunja, clappers amakhala chete, koma mkati mwawo amakhala ndi mphamvu zopanda mphamvu. Kuwawidwa mtima kumapangitsa iwo "kuyankhulana" ndi ana ndi zinyama zina mosavuta, kudalira eni ake ndi anthu atsopano.
Ndikofunikira! Nyama izi zimakhala zovuta kukhumudwitsa. Koma ngati chiwetocho chimakwiya ndi mwiniwake, izi zingayambitse kusamvera ndi pogrom ya khola.
Zabwino ndi zamwano
Ubwino wosadziwika wa mtunduwu:
- kusintha kwabwino kwa nyengo;
- chidziwitso ndi chifundo;
- mahatchi sali achiwawa, akugwirizana ndi anthu a mibadwo yosiyanasiyana ndi zinyama;
- mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, ziwombankhanga ndizodzichepetsa;
- chakudya chochepa (poyerekezera ndi zakudya za mitundu ina);
- Makhalidwe abwino komanso ogwira ntchito (kutsika kwambiri - 4895 kg);
- mtengo wotsika mtengo wa zinyama.
Zoipa za nyama izi zikuphatikizapo:- si oyenera mpikisano ndi mawonetsero;
- dzenje lakuya;
- kudwala matenda ena.
Mukudziwa? Mahatchi otchuka ndi mabungwe oyanjana omwe akhalapo kale m'mbiri ya dziko lapansi ndi Alexander Wamkulu ndi Bucephalus, El Cid (msilikali wa Spanish Reconquista) ndi Babek, Napoleon ndi Marengo, omwe kale mafupa awo akhala akuwonetserako nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ku London.
Chiwerengero cha ntchito
Mbalamezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mopindulitsa pa ntchito zaulimi komanso poyendetsa katundu wambiri. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pophunzitsa ana ndi anyamata kukwera kavalo ndipo amasungidwa ngati okondedwa komanso achibale.
Malamulo a chisamaliro ndi kudyetsa mahatchi
Kusamalira bwino ziphuphu kumaphatikizapo zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza thanzi labwino, ubwino ndi zinyama:
- Kusamba nthawi ndi kusamba. Kuwonjezera pa kuyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku m'khola, chiweto nthawi ndi nthawi amafunika kuyeretsa ubweya woyezera ndi kusamba thupi lake pansi pa osamba (kamodzi pa sabata). Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito shampu yeniyeni kapena sopo.
- Kusamalira mano a kavalo. Kupenda kwa m'kamwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito miyezi sikisi iliyonse ndi katswiri wa Zanyama Zanyama. Ngati chiweto chanu chimakhala cholimba kwambiri, pamakhala chakudya chochepa, cholomboka kapena chimadula pang'ono, muyenera kufunsa dokotala mwamsanga.
- Katemera ndi kalendala yapadera. Ndondomeko ya katemera yomwe inayikidwa ndi veterinarian pambuyo pa kafukufuku wamankhwala.
- Omwera ndi odyetsa ayenera kuikidwa bwino mu khola. Ndikofunika kukhalabe aukhondo - kuyeretsa chakudya ndi zinyalala tsiku ndi tsiku, kuyeretsa chipinda chonse kamodzi pa sabata ndikuchiyeretsa kwathunthu.
- Mofanana ndi akavalo onse, khunyu zimafunikira kuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku panja. Kupatula kuyenda kungakhale kutentha kwambiri kwa mphepo - madigiri 15-20 a chisanu.
Ndikofunikira! Kuyenda mahatchi ndikofunikira kwa thanzi lawo ndi mphamvu zawo. Nyama yomwe imadumpha m'thumba (yosagwira kwa milungu iwiri) idzayambitsa ndondomeko ya atrophy pamapeto, ndipo chifukwa chake iyo idzalephera kuthetsa ngakhale zosavuta, katundu wamba.Kuti apange zakudya zoyenera kudya, abambowa ayenera kuganizira malamulo angapo ofunika kwambiri:
- kudyetsa kawirikawiri komanso pangŠ¢ono kakang'ono. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi 3-4 nthawi patsiku kudya ndi kudya nthawi zonse;
- Zakudya sizingasinthidwe kwambiri mwa kuyambitsa zinthu zatsopano zomwe sizikudziwika kwa kavalo. Zakudya zatsopano ziyenera kulumikizidwa pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono ziwonjezere kuchuluka kwake;
- Madzi atsopano, okwera pamahatchi ayenera kukhala momasuka (zofunikira tsiku lililonse kwa munthu mmodzi - 35 malita);
- Musadyetse chiweto chanu kwa ola limodzi musanayambe ntchito (kukwera pa akavalo ndi ntchito zina zakuthupi);
- perekani chakudya choyenera, chokhazikika pa kulemera, kutalika, chikhalidwe ndi ntchito ya nyama. Mu "menyu" ayenera kokha kugonjetsa chakudya chamtengo wapatali;
- Tsatirani ulamuliro wouza bwino.
Lero, mtundu wa akavalo, clapper, wagonjetsa chikondi cha obereketsa akavalo padziko lonse. Ndipo sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa ali ndi ubwenzi wotere komanso wodzipereka, zinyama izi nthawi zonse zidzakhala zovomerezeka zinyama pa famu iliyonse.
