Zamia ndi chomera chachikulu chomwe chimakhala ngati mtengo wa kanjedza. Dzina lake latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Latin limatanthauza "kutaya" kapena "kuwonongeka." Ngakhale kuti dzina ili losangalatsa, duwa limeneli lingakhale lokongoletsa kwambiri mkatikati. Nkhaniyi imapereka malingaliro osavuta, omwe mungapange malo abwino kwambiri m'nyumba yanu.
Mafotokozedwe a botanical a zomera zamkati
Zamia ndi zomera za mtundu wa Sagovnikov, banja la Zamiev. Dziko lakwawo limaonedwa kuti ndi Central America ndi Mexico, ndipo mbiri ya mbewuyo imabwerera zaka zoposa mazana awiri. M'malo awo okhalamo amimi amalima m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya Brazil, Florida ndi Cuba. Oimira zomera zomwe zimakhala zobiriwira, zomwe zimawoneka ngati mitengo ya kanjedza. Mtengo wosalala wa chomera, womwe uli pang'onopang'ono kapena pansi ponse, uli ndi mawonekedwe ofooketsa, omwe amawombera. Miyeso yake imasiyanasiyana ndi 3 cm kufika 1 mamita m'litali. 
Mdima wobiriwira, nthenga, masamba a azitona pa petioles ang'onoang'ono, akupanga korona wokongoletsera. Nthaŵi zina m'munsi mwa masamba amtundu wofananawo amaonekera mwamphamvu. Mu mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo, petiole ndi yosalala, koma m'makina ena ali ndi timing'ono tochepa. Pakhomo, woimira Zamievs mtundu samasintha ndipo, motero, sapereka mbewu. Kukongoletsera chidwi ndi masamba a nthenga.
Ndikofunikira! Mbali zonse za zomerazo ndizoopsa kwa nyama ndi anthu. Zinthu zoopsa zimayambitsa vuto lopweteka komanso lopanda mphamvu, kuphatikizapo ziwalo. Pamene poyizoni amapezeka mwamsanga msanga.
Chomeracho ndi kudzichepetsa mu chisamaliro ndipo chimasiyana ndi chipiriro. Ndi kukula kwake pang'onopang'ono komanso nyengo yabwino yokonza, zitsanzo zimatha kufika mamita awiri m'lifupi ndi mamita 1 m'lifupi. Pansi pa chomeracho, palibe phokoso lamadzimadzi looneka, ndipo chifukwa chake maluwawo ali ndi dzina lodabwitsa.
Mitundu ya zomera Zamiya
Mtundu wa Sagovnikovy uli ndi mitundu 58 yosiyanasiyana.
Zowonjezeka kwambiri ndi izi:
- Amra zamia. Ochepa kwambiri mwa oimira onse. Kukula kwa thunthu pansi pa nthaka kumafika masentimita 25 m'litali ndi pafupifupi masentimita atatu mu makulidwe. Masamba a zomera - kuchokera 5 mpaka 50 cm, strobila - mpaka 5 masentimita.
- Siliceous. Tsinde lake liri pansi ponse. Masamba amafalikira pamwamba (kuyambira 3 mpaka 5 zidutswa). Zimasinthidwa kudyetsa zinthu kuchokera ku thumba la tuberiform pansi pa nthaka.
- Florida. Muzuwo umakhala wochepa, wotalika. Pamwamba pamtunda pali chibwibwi (mwa akazi chikunama). Masamba ndi ofewa, ndi chikopa cha chikopa. Thunthu liri la kutalika kwapakati.
- Broadleaf. Thunthu liri kutalika kwa masentimita 10, gawolo liri pamwamba pa nthaka. Ikani mpaka 1 mamita.
- Husky. Kutalika kwake kwa thunthu kufika 1 mamita. Mu mawonekedwe a maluwa a mkati, gawo la thunthu lomwe liyenera kukhala pansi pa nthaka, limayenda pamwamba pa nthaka. Korona ndi wandiweyani, mapepala a masamba amakhala ndi mafinya. Kukula kwamasamba - mpaka mamita 1.
- Zovuta (mankhwala a jerry, mtengo wa makatoni) ndi chomera chochepa chochepa, osapitirira mamita 1.3. Thunthu ndi lalifupi, kawirikawiri pansi. Masambawa ndi ovuta, pinnate, masentimita 50-120 cm.
Zomwe zimakulira kunyumba
Duwa limalimbikitsidwa kukhala m'maholo aakulu, zipinda, salons, maofesi, maofesi, masitolo kapena mawotchi.
Mukudziwa? Kukhudza, masamba a zamhavoy (palmboard palm) ali ofunika kwambiri, amafanana ndi makatoni, motero dzina "chikwangwani cha kanjedza".
Malo ndi kuunikira
Malo abwino pamalo odyera a mitengo ya kanjedza - mawindo a kumwera. Zimasinthiranso kumawindo akuyang'ana kumadzulo kapena kummawa. Pofuna kumera chomera chokongola chokhala ndi rosette yamasamba ofanana bwino, mphika wa maluwa umayenera kutembenuzidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kumbali zosiyana ndi kuwala.
Komabe, mawindo a kumpoto kwa chikhalidwe sangakhale ndi kuwala kokwanira kuti akule bwino. Zamia amakonda kuwala. Koma kumbukirani kuti sizingasunthidwe mwachindunji ku dzuwa. Phunzitsani maluwa kuti dzuwa liwoneke pang'onopang'ono, kuti asapsere pamoto. Ndipo kutentha masana chikhalidwe ndi bwino pritenyat. 
Mavuto otentha
M'nyengo yamasika ndi nyengo ya chilimwe, kutentha kwabwino kwa zomera ndi 25% + 28 ° С, pamene m'nyengo yozizira chizindikiro chimachepetsedwa kukhala + 14 ... + 17 ° С.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Zamia akhoza kupirira mpweya wochuluka mokwanira. Zowonjezerapo zina zowonjezera kutentha kwa mpweya sizikufunika. Komabe, m'nyengo yamasika ndi chilimwe, mukhoza kutsuka mbewu ndi madzi ozizira kutentha.
Ndikofunikira! Zamia sakonda kupuma kwa mpweya, kotero chipinda chiyenera kuwonetseratu nthawi zonse. Komanso n'zosatheka kulola mphepo.
Kusamalira kwanu
Pamene mukusamalira chomera chodabwitsa ichi, zitsatirani ndi chilengedwe cha kukula kwake. M'nthaka yabwino, mtengo wa kanjedza ukukula ndikukula.
Kusamba malamulo
Kuyambira pa March mpaka kumapeto kwa August, pangani maluwa ochulukirapo, ngati gawo la pamwamba la gawolo liuma, ndi madzi ofewa. Kuyambira m'dzinja, kuchepetsa kuthirira, makamaka ndi zozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zina mumatha kusonkhanitsa dothi, kuteteza kuti lizizira komanso kuuma. 
Njira yovomerezeka yothira nthaka ikuthirira kuchokera pamwamba ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira ndi mtunda wautali. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ozizira kapena madzi apampopi, koma mutetezedwe pasadakhale.
Kupaka pamwamba
M'chaka ndi chilimwe, idyetseni maluwa mwezi uliwonse mothandizidwa ndi feteleza ovuta kupanga zomera zokongoletsa. Kugwa ndi chisanu, Zamia safuna feteleza.
Kudulira
Zamiya - chikhalidwe chofulumira. Nthawi zina mukhoza kuthera chaka chathunthu, kapena zambiri, dikirani pepala lotsatira kuti liwonekere, kotero kudulira kumatsutsana. Chitsamba sichiwonjezera, ndipo chidzatha kuwononga.
Onani mndandanda wa mitundu yambiri ya mitengo ya kanjedza.
Kuwaza
Kusindikizidwa kwa zomera zomwe zimapangidwa mu kasupe ndi chilimwe ngati pakufunika, koma nthawi yabwino isanayambe kukula kwatsopano.
Pezani maluwa mumphika watsopano motere:
- Konzani mphika wazitali (wamtali ndi wamtali palibe phindu pano, chifukwa Zamia amakula pang'onopang'ono). Phika ayenera kukhala ndi mabowo.
- Onjezerani pang'ono zakudya zowonjezera bwino, nthaka yosakaniza yokhala ndi miyeso yambiri (gawo lofanana la sod land, tsamba la nthaka, humus, peat ndi mchenga ndi kuwonjezera pa zida zabwino za granite). Pansi pa mphika amapereka madzi abwino.
- Chotsani chomera mosamala popanda kusokoneza coma ya padziko lapansi.
- Patsani rhizome mu mphika watsopano.
- Onjezerani tsatanetsatane wa nthaka pambali, pang'anani pang'ono.
Nthawi yopumula
Nyengo yamvula imakhala m'nyengo yozizira. Maluwawo amasungidwa pamalo okongola (+ 14 ... + 17 ° C), amamwetsa mosamala.
Kuswana
Zingafalitsidwe ndi mbewu kapena cuttings. Ganizirani ziganizo zazikulu za ndondomeko iliyonse.
Cuttings
Cuttings ayenera kuyamba kuikidwa m'madzi. Pamene mizu ikuwonekera, imabzalidwa m'nthaka.
Mukudziwa? Amwenye Achimereka ankagwiritsa ntchito masamba a zamie kuti apange zovala.
Mbewu
Kufesa mbewu kumachitika mu kuwala dziko lapansi kusakaniza. Amalowetsedwa m'magawo awiri okha. Kenaka chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi ndikupita ku chipinda chofunda. Zimaoneka ngati zikulowetsa m'matumba ang'onoang'ono. 
Mavuto akukula
Zamiya sagwidwa ndi matenda, koma ngati zida zomangidwa zimaphwanyidwa, zikhoza kufa.
Pofuna kupewa izi, eni ake ayenera kudziwa kuthetsa mavuto akuluakulu:
- maluwawo amafota ndipo amawomba pansi pa tsinde - wothirira mochuluka kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira;
- Mafuta ouma, masamba owuma pa masamba - kusowa kwa mineral substances kapena madzi okwanira kwambiri;
- chomeracho chimangobwera masamba - unamwetsedwa ndi madzi ozizira kapena kuthirira pang'ono;
- masamba amatembenuka - pa masamba a m'chilimwe madzulo kwa nthawi yaitali kuti apeze kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Phunzirani momwe mungamere mitengo ya Areca.
Sungunulani mankhwala molingana ndi malangizo kwa ofunikila ndondomeko. Pitirizani maluwa mpaka atakhala omasuka ndi tizilombo towononga. Ngati muli oleza mtima ndikukonda zomera zosowa, yesetsani kuyambitsa zamiyu. Maluwa okongola omwe amawoneka mobiriwira amakhala otetezedwa kwambiri m'chipinda chamkati.
