Begonia ndi maluwa ovuta kwambiri, omwe amagawikana ndi mitundu yosatha komanso ya pachaka. Zimatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake, komanso chifukwa cha mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ndi mitundu yomwe amakondedwa kwambiri ndi wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa, komanso okhala m'nyumba za nyumba.
M'nkhani ino tipenda mitundu ndi mitundu ya pachaka komanso yosatha ya begonias, moyo wawo komanso zomwe zingayambitse imfa, malamulo a chisamaliro ndi maulendo akukula, komanso ntchito yawo:
Pali mitundu pafupifupi zikwi ziwiri za zomera. Begonia imakula m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
- mwa mawonekedwe a zitsamba zokwawa;
- mwa mawonekedwe a tchire wamtali;
- mwa mawonekedwe a zitsamba zakuda.
Njira iliyonse ili ndi zosiyana zake. Kotero, tiyeni tione zenizeni za chaka ndi chaka ndi begonias.
Zaka chimodzi
Iyi ndi maluwa okongoletsera okongoletsera ndi munda omwe wapambana chidwi ndi chikondi cha wamaluwa ambiri.
- Chisangalalo cha chisamaliro;
- Kudzichepetsa;
- Zosiyana;
- Amazing kukongola pachimake.
Chifukwa cha zinthu izi zokongola Begonia sizinachitike pokhapokha ziwembu zapadera, komanso zakhala zotchuka kwambiri. Kodi n'zotheka kusunga chomera pakhomo, kuwerenga nkhani yathu.
Mitundu
Chiwerengero cha mitundu ya zomera za banja la Begonia ndi pafupifupi 900 ndipo chiwerengero chofanana cha mawonekedwe a hybrid. Mitundu yambiri ya begonias inagonjetsa chikondi chachikulu cha olima masewera:
- chokongoletsera;
- chithandizo;
- chitsamba.
Kunyumba, duwa limakula mwakuya monga mapulaneti amphamvu, kapena kuti maluwa, madengu ndi miphika, kapena ngati chomera chimodzi chokha m'kati. Nthawi ya maluwa ampelous begonia - kuyambira masika mpaka autumn. Mitundu yotsatira ya begonias ndi yotchuka pa kulima kwanu.:
Ampelnaya
- Maluwa kuchokera ku masika mpaka autumn ndi yopitirira.
- The mphukira ndi woonda, akuponya HB 30-50 cm.
- Masamba ndi wobiriwira.
- Mafupa amtundu wamwamuna ndi wamkazi ndi aakulu, okwera mpaka masentimita 8.
- Aliyense akuphuka maluwa amamera pafupifupi masiku khumi.
- Amafuna kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi mpweya kutentha kuchokera 18 mpaka 20 ° C.
Tuberous
- Lili ndi rhizome ya tuberous.
- Maluwa ambiri.
- Maonekedwe a nthambi ndi ofanana ndi mawonekedwe a peony, duwa kapena carnation.
- Mitundu yapakati: yoyera, yofiira, pinki, komanso mizere iwiri kapena yachithunzi.
Wokoma mtima
- Vienna begonia - dzina lachiwiri.
- Kutalika ndi masentimita 15-20.
- Maluwa ndi pinki yofiira kapena yoyera.
- Zobiriwira zobiriwira.
- Kukonzekera mwatsatanetsatane kwa masamba owongolera ndi maluwa akulimbikitsidwa.
Moyo wonse
Mfundo ndizo Moyo wa Begonia umadalira chisamaliro. Kawirikawiri, begonia itatha, tubers imakonda kutaya (zomwe mungachite kenako, ngati tuberous tuberous ndi begonias yasintha, mungapeze apa). Koma ziribe kanthu mtundu wa begonia, sumalekerera kuzizira, kotero ndibwino kuti muwadzoze iwo m'nyumba. M'nyengo yozizira, tubers imatumizidwa ku malo ozizira. Choncho mungathe kuonetsetsa kuti zomera zimakhala ndi moyo wautali. Mu mitundu yobiriwira, nthawi yopumula imatchulidwa mochepa. Ndipotu, zikhoza kunenedwa kuti palibe mabungwe a begonias pachaka. Iwo amangowonjezeka nthawi zambiri kuti azikhala maluwa ngati chaka.
Zifukwa za imfa yofulumira
Ngati begonia yayitali kwakhala yokha kwa chaka chimodzi, sizinayambe masika, chifukwa chake ndi kuphwanya zosungirako.
Thandizo! Chifukwa china chabwino cha imfa ya chomera chingakhale chovala cha tuber.
Pofuna kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mbewu ya tubers, tikulimbikitsidwa kugawa. Izi zidzakuthandizani kukula ndikukula bwino. Pali nthawi pamene begonia sichimasintha kwa nthawi yaitali (chifukwa chake begonia sizimafalikira ndi momwe tingapezere masamba, werengani nkhani yathu) Kodi tingachite chiyani ngati izi zikuchitika?
N'zotheka kuti "anagona" kwambiri panthawi yosungirako m'nyengo yozizira. Ndipo kudzuka, amafunika nthawi yaitali. Zitha kutenga miyezi iwiri. Zikatero, zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoterezera kupopera mbewu, monga "Epin" kapena "Zircon". Iwo amachita pa chomera ngati amalimbikitsa kukula.
Osatha
Mwanjira ina imatchedwa kukongola kosatha. Beyonia akhala akukondweretsa maso ndi maluwa okongola ambiri nthawi yonse ya chilimwe. Ngati mumakhala m'dera loona mtima, komwe kuli kotheka kubzala maluwa, sizidzakhala zovuta kusamalira begonia. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, ntchito yanu idzapindula ndi maluwa okongola, akufalikira limodzi pambuyo pa chilimwe.
Poyerekeza ndi begonia yamaluwa ya chaka chimodzi chokha, munda wamathawo ndi chomera chokhalitsa chotchedwa fastidious:
- salola kuwala kwa dzuwa;
- chifukwa chodzala amasankha malo amdima;
- tubers sizitha kugonjetsedwa;
- inalimbikitsidwa kuti ikafike mu June.
Kuchokera kunja, ikhoza kusiyanitsidwa ndi phesi lake lakuda la kukula kwakukulu ndi masamba ake ofewa, ofewa.
Mzere
Makamaka mithunzi yamaluwa begonias: yofiira, pinki, yoyera. Maluwa amphongo ndi maulendo anayi, ndipo maluwa achikazi amakhala ndi zidutswa zitatu (zizindikiro za maluwa ammimba pa chomera, komanso mitundu ina ya begonias, mungapeze apa). Mbewu zipsa ndipo zimasungidwa mumabokosi obiriwira.
Kuchokera kwa woimira osatha wa begonias, pafupifupi mitundu 600 ya zosiyana, mapepala a masamba, komanso mawonekedwe a maluwawo, amachokera. Mitundu imeneyi imayimilidwa makamaka ndi heterotic hybrids:
- nyemba zosakanizidwa pansi 15-20 masentimita;
- hybrids sredneroslye 20-30 masentimita;
- kutalika kwa hybrids mpaka 50 cm.
Sadovaya
Kukonzekera kwa maluwa kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu itatu ya begonias ndi kuchuluka kwa mitundu yawo. Tuberous begonia - 30 cm mkulu. Mitengo yambiri yambiri yamaluwa ndi yamaluwa osakhala awiri. Maluwa osiyana, ndipo pa chomera chomwecho akhoza kufalikira onse awiri amuna ndi akazi. Chomera chomera mu mawonekedwe a minofu tuber.
Mtundu uwu wa begonia uli ndi maluwa wozungulira mamita 6 mpaka 20. Maonekedwe a maluwa amasiyanasiyana, amatha kufanana ndi maluwa, lotto, anemones ndi mabala. Palinso mitundu yosiyana ya begonias ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu kwambiri, omwe amawombera ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana.
Garden begonias amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ojambula amitundu m'mayiko osiyanasiyana makamaka popanga mitundu ya mapaki. Makamaka amakopa chidwi cha malo okongoletsera ndi mapulani a maluwa obzalidwa ndi tuberous begonias. Zolemba zoterezi zimawoneka bwino mu maluwa a flowerbeds ndi pa udzu.
Begonias m'mundamo akuphatikizidwa bwino ndi udzu, kudula:
- opanda;
- iberis;
- lobelia;
- lobularia.
Thandizo! Komanso, zidzakhala zodabwitsa kukongoletsa malo a begonia pafupi ndi zitsamba zomwe zikukula, zomwe zimapereka mthunzi.
Malamulo osamalira
Pambuyo pozindikira nthawi yayitali kapena ayi, phunzirani mosamala zofunika za chisamaliro.
Choyamba, muyenera kukumbukira kuti chomeracho chiyenera kukonzekera kusungirako nyengo yozizira: pang'onopang'ono muleke kuthirira, kudyetsa, kubweretsa munda begonia kuyambira pa chisanu choyamba.
Begonia ndi chomera chokula mofulumira komanso chosasamalira. Zonsezi Zithunzi zina zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi begonia ziyenera kuganiziridwa:
- chomera chokonda kutentha: ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira, kutentha sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa madigiri 15;
- Sichimalola kuwala kwa dzuwa, koma kumakonda pamene kuwala;
- pamene mutabzala pamsewu mumakonda malo amdima, ndi panyumba - kuwala;
- m'nyengo yachilimwe, begonia ayima pawindo adzawoneka bwino pamthunzi;
- m'nyengo yam'nyengo yozizira ndi madzi okwanira kamodzi pa masiku atatu, koma palibe chifukwa choyenera kutsanulira kuti asapezeke mawanga a masamba;
- nthawi yopatsira mbeu nthawi imodzi pachaka (za momwe angaperekere begonia ndi mtundu wotsata chonde, ife talemba apa);
- Mchere wamchere wamadzimadzi akhoza kukhudza chomera ngati chovala chokwanira 2 pa mwezi;
- chomera cham'munda chiyenera kumangirizidwa kuti tsinde lisachoke ku maluwa ambiri;
- Madzi ozizira a ulimi wothirira saloledwa, monga begonia akhoza kutaya masamba.
Kuti mumvetsetse chisamaliro cha begonia, penyani kanema:
Begonia ndi wotchuka ngati fyuluta yachilengedwe ya okonda utsi. Fungo la begonias limathandiza kuyeretsa bronchi. Ndicho chifukwa chake chomera ichi si chokongola, koma panthawi yomweyi ndi zothandiza kwambiri (ndi zinthu ziti zopindulitsa ndi zovulaza za begonia?).
