Hibiscus - chomera chokhala ndi maluwa okongola okongola, omwe amachokera kuzitentha. Mofanana ndi chomera chilichonse chozizira, hibiscus amafunikira chisamaliro chabwino.
Komabe, nthawizina pamakhala zochitika pamene, ngakhale panthawi yake komanso mosamala, mbewuyo imakana kuphulika.
Maluwa a imfa, monga a ku China, ndi dzina lina lodziwika bwino la a hibiscus. Tiyeni tifufuze zifukwa zomwe zimalepheretsa kuuka kwa China kuphulika. Ndiponso tidzakambirana za zomwe tingachite ngati zomera zinasiya kuphuka ndipo masamba anayamba kugwa.
Kodi limakhala liti pakhomo?
Hibiscus imayamba pachimake pa zaka 3-4. Ndipo popeza dziko lakwawo ndi malo otentha, ndiye kuti likhoza pachimake pafupifupi chaka chonse. Kunyumba, maluwa kawirikawiri imayamba kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa masika mpaka m'mawa.
Nchifukwa chiyani sichimasintha?
Taganizirani chifukwa chake hibiscus, mkati mwake, maluwa a imfa, inasiya kuphulika m'nyumba, imapereka masamba okha ndipo siimapanga masamba.
Kusasamala kwa kutentha
Kuti hibiscus ayambe kupanga maluwa, m'pofunika kupereka mpweya kutentha kufika madigiri 15 pamwamba pa zero. Pakati pa kutentha, dothi limayamba kuuma pang'onopang'ono, choncho, hibiscus ayenera kuthiriridwa kawirikawiri. Ichi ndi chinsinsi chachikulu chopeza maluwa okongola. Choncho, Panthawi ina yonse, chomerachi chiyenera kudulidwa ndikupita ku chipinda chomwe kutentha kwa mpweya kudzakhala pafupi madigiri 15, ndi tsiku lowala - maola 9-10.
Kuwala kwa dzuwa
Hibiscus amakonda kuwala kochuluka, koma ikamatsalira dzuwa, imatha kuwotchedwa. Ngati, patatha mpumulo, maluwawo amakonzedweranso ku chipinda chofunda ndi dzuwa, kenako kuwonjezera pa kuyaka pa masamba, mukhoza kupeza vuto lina - masamba ogwa. Zikatero, anthu a ku China omwe sangakhalepo sangathe kukula bwino, kupatula apo pali mwayi wokwanira masamba omaliza.
Pofuna kupewa izi, m'pofunika kukonzanso chomera mu chipinda chokhala ndi kuwala. Zokongola kwa mawindo kummawa ndi kumadzulo. Ngati mawindo onse akuyang'ana mbali ya kumwera, kuwala kumatha kuchepetsedwa mothandizidwa ndi tulle.
Kusokoneza ulimi
Kuthira mowa kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti madzi asapitirire mu mphika, mizu imaleka kupuma, ndipo chomeracho sizimapanga masamba, kapena amawamasula. Kusakwanira kokwanira kwa hibiscus kumapangitsanso kuti chomera sichimasintha, chimangoyamba kuuma. Choncho, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti dothi mumphika linali lonyowa, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, madzi mmenemo sanasunthike. M'nyengo yotentha, dulani nthaka 1-2 pa tsiku. Pa nthawi yopuma, kuthirira kumayima.
Mtengo wapansi wa substrate
Ngati maluwawo sadawidwe mu nthawi kapena gawo losafunika lidagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala, chomeracho chidzapatsidwa zochepa zofunikira ndipo sizidzaphuka. Osakhala abwino kwa maluwa komanso mchere wokhala ndi nayitrogeni mu nthaka. Pamene izi zikuchitika, chomeracho chiyenera kuikidwa. Hibiscus imafuna nthaka yowuma komanso yopuma. Kawirikawiri amagula nthaka yosakaniza yosungiramo, kapena amadzipanga okha kuchokera ku humus, sod, peat land ndi mchenga.
Mphika wosakwanira wosayenera
Phika waukulu kwambiri amatsogolera kuti mizu imayamba kudya pang'ono chinyezi ndi mpweya. Zotsatira zake, nthaka imakhala yonyowa kwambiri, ndipo mizu imasiya kupuma. Choyenera, kuti hibiscus idumphuke, nkofunika kuti ikule mu mphika wochepa. Choncho, ngati masambawo sapezeka pa hibiscus kwa nthawi yaitali, pomwe zikhalidwe zonsezi zinkachitika panthawi ina yonse, ziyenera kuikidwa m'miphika yaing'ono.
Kuonongeka ndi ziphuphu
Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana monga nsabwe za m'masamba, akangaude, whiteflies ndi thrips nthawi zina amawonekera ku hibiscus. Mukawoneka maluwa, sikuti amangotsala pang'ono kuphuka, komanso amayamba "kusamba": masamba ndi masamba akugwa. Pofuna kusunga maluwa kuchokera ku tizirombo, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera kuti muthane ndi majeremusi. Pambuyo pa tizirombo titafa, m'pofunika kudula chomera kuti timere mbali ikuwombera.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuti zinthu zisapitirire komanso kuti asawononge chomera chochulukirapo, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zokonzekerazo molingana ndi malangizo.
Kuchokera ku malamulo a kuziika
Amaluwa ena nthawi zambiri amasindikiza chomera, amawonetsa kuti akuvutika maganizo, kapena ayi, amaiwala za njirayi yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa chomeracho chiri mu nthaka yakale kwa nthawi yayitali, osalandira zakudya zokwanira komanso mpweya wokwanira. Zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti hibiscus ichepetse maluwa kwa nthawi yabwino.
Pofuna kupewa izi, m'pofunika kusunga mawu a kuziika. Mitengo yachinyamata iyenera kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse. Zitsanzo zazikulu - 1 nthawi mu zaka 2-3. Nthaŵi zina, mmalo mozizira, mungathe kusintha mosanjikiza dothi.
Kusokonezeka kwa kutentha pa maluwa
Kuzizira kwambiri kutentha kumatha kuwonetsa kuti masamba omwe anapangidwa panthawi yonseyo sayamba kuphulika. Ku hibiscus pachimake pa nthawi, nkofunika pa nthawi ya kuwuka (yomwe imayamba mu February) kukonzanso maluwa pamalo otentha, ndikupereka kutentha kwa madigiri 23 mpaka 30 pamwamba pa zero.
Kusakwanira kwa mpweya
M'chilimwe hibiscus sasowa mosamala kokha kuthirira, komanso mozizira mpweya. Ngati matendawa akuphwanyidwa, zomera sizidzaphulika. Pofuna kuwonjezera chinyezi ndi kulenga maluwa momasuka bwino maluwa, m'pofunika m'nyengo yachisanu kukonkha mbeu 1-2 pa sabata. Kupopera mbewu mankhwala nthawi zonse kumathandizanso kupewa maonekedwe a akangaude.
Kulephera kutsatira malamulo a kudyetsa
Nthawi zina pofuna kufulumira kukula ndi maluwa, hibiscus imangokhala "overfed" ndi feteleza. Chifukwa cha mchenga wa dothi, duwa limatha basi pachimake, komanso limayamba kutaya masamba. Ngati duwalo linali lopanda thanzi ndi nayitrogeni, ndiye masambawo amayamba kukula, koma masambawo amasiya kuwoneka. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kasupe ndi chilimwe, komanso m'nyengo yozizira kuti tisaleke kudya. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito organic kapena mchere feteleza mu otsika ndende. Pa nyengo yokula, fetereza imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi mu masiku khumi.
Kodi mungatani ngati chomeracho chitaimirira ndikuphulika?
Pali nthawi pamene hibiscus mwadzidzidzi inasiya kusangalatsa ndi maluwa ake, ndipo masambawo anayamba kugwa mwakhama. Zifukwa za vuto ili:
- Insufficiently wothirira kuthirira, kuti nthaka dries kunja kwambiri, ndi chomera, kuti kudziletsa, amasiya maluwa ndi madontho masamba.
- Kutentha kwa mpweya, komwe kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti chomera chimayamba kukonzekera "nyengo yozizira".
- Kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo.
Pamene vutoli likuchitika, choyamba ndi kofunika kufufuza momwe maluŵa amakulira: kaya kuwala bwino, ngati dothi louma, kaya pali tizirombo.
Zotsatira muyenera kukonza vuto mwa kusintha, mwachitsanzo, kuthirira, malo a mphika ali ndi duwa, kapena chithandizo chomera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?
Komabe, momwe mungapangire chipinda cham'mimba hibiscus panyumba, chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti chomera nthawi zonse chiphuphuke pa nthawi ndi kukondweretsa ndi masamba ake okongola. Muyenera kumusamalira bwino:
- Onetsetsani kuunika ndi kutentha. Sungani maluwa kuchokera pazithunzi.
- M'nyengo yotentha, poti palibe mphepo, pangani duwa pamsewu kapena pa khonde kuti mukhale mpweya wabwino.
- Onetsetsani njira yothirira ndi chinyezi mu chipinda. Musadutse maluwa ndikulepheretsa dothi kuuma.
- Madzi okwanira kugwiritsa ntchito otentha, firiji, makamaka osasankhidwa.
- Nthawi yodyetsa.
Choncho, kuti masambawa apangidwe ku hibiscus komanso m'tsogolomu akondwere ndi maluwa ake okongola, m'pofunikira kukhazikitsa zinthu zabwino kwambiri komanso kuti azisamalira bwino.
